19 research outputs found
Isolation, Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Major Constituents of the Himalayan Lichen<i>Parmelia reticulata Tayl.</i>†
No full textAntifungal activity of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Parmelia reticulata was evaluated against soilborne pathogenic fungi, namely, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, K bataticola, Fusarium udum, Pythium aphanidermatum and P. debaryanum by poisoned food technique. Maximum antifungal activity was exhibited by hexane and ethyl acetate extracts against most of the test pathogens. Secondary metabolites, namely, (+/-)-isousnic acid, (+/-)-protolichesterinic acid, atranorin, evernyl, ethyl hematommate, ethyl orsellinate, methyl hematommate (3-formyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoic acid, 1-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-8-methyl-xanthen-9-one, baeomycesic acid and salazinic acid, were isolated from the above extracts and identified by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and mass spectroscopic methods. When these metabolites were tested for antifungal activity against test pathogens, maximum antifungal activity was exhibited by (+/-)-protolichesterinic acid against R. solani (ED50 = 23.09 mu g mL(-1)) and P. debaryanum (ED50 = 16.07 mu g mL(-1)) and by atranorin against S. rolfsii (ED50 = 39.70 mu g mL(-1)). The antifungal activity of protolichesterinic acid was found to be comparable to that of hexaconazole, a commercial fungicide.Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indi
First person – Libi Anandi
No full textABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Libi Anandi is the first author on ‘DNA-dependent protein kinase plays a central role in transformation of breast epithelial cells following alkylation damage’, published in Journal of Cell Science. Libi is a PhD student in the laboratory of Mayurika Lahiri at Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India, investigating the early events of cellular transformation.</jats:p
Investigation of Allelopathic Potentiality of the Himalyan Lichen Parmelia Reticulata Tayl. Against Phalaris Minor Retz.
No full textAbstractAllelopathic potentiality of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the Himalyan lichen, Parmelia reticulate Taylor, at different concentrations (50, 25 and 12.5μg ml-1) was studied on germination and early seedling growth of highly devastating weed Phalaris minor. The experiments were carried out in portray maintained in natural environment. Current investigation has revealed concentration dependent allelopathic phenomenon of the lichen extracts on P. minor. Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts at 50μg ml-1 exhibited maximum detrimental effect on seed germination (56% as compared to control i.e. 90%). Hexane extract at 50μg ml-1 showed maximum inhibition of early seedling growths, determined in terms of shoot and root lengths of the test weed. It reduced shoot and root lengths to 2.5cm (control 10.7 cm) and 0.9 cm (control 3.4cm) respectively, indicating semipolar nature of constituents responsible for bioactivity
Exploring Endophytes Using “Omics”: An Approach for Sustainable Production of Bioactive Metabolites
No full textBio-Synthesis of Aspergillus terreus Mediated Gold Nanoparticle: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antifungal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies
No full textGold nanoparticles (GNP) were bio-fabricated utilizing the methanolic extract of the endophytic isolate Aspergillus terreus. The biosynthesised gold nanoparticles (GNP023) were characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis); transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform nfrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The bio-fabricated GNP023 displayed a sharp SPR peak at 536 nm, were spherically shaped, and had an average size between 10–16 nm. The EDX profile confirmed the presence of gold (Au), and XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of GNP023. The antimicrobial activity of GNP023 was investigated against several food-borne and phytopathogens, using in vitro antibacterial and antifungal assays. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed for S. aureus and V. cholera at 400 μg /mL, whereas inhibition in radial mycelial growth was observed against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani at 52.5% and 65.46%, respectively, when challenged with GNP023 (200 μg/mL). Moreover, the gold nanoparticles displayed significant antioxidant activity against the ABTS radical, with an IC(50) of 38.61 µg/mL, and were non-toxic when tested against human kidney embryonic 293 (HEK293) cells. Thus, the current work supports the application of myco-synthesised gold nanoparticles as a versatile antimicrobial candidate against food-borne pathogens
Isolation, Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Major Constituents of the Himalayan Lichen <i>Parmelia reticulata Tayl.</i>†
No full textAntifungal activity of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Parmelia reticulata was evaluated against soilborne pathogenic fungi, namely, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, R. bataticola, Fusarium udum, Pythium aphanidermatum and P. debaryanum by poisoned food technique. Maximum antifungal activity was exhibited by hexane and ethyl acetate extracts against most of the test pathogens. Secondary metabolites, namely, (±)-isousnic acid, (±)-protolichesterinic acid, atranorin, evernyl, ethyl hematommate, ethyl orsellinate, methyl hematommate (3-formyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoic acid, 1-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-8-methyl-xanthen-9-one, baeomycesic acid and salazinic acid, were isolated from the above extracts and identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopic methods. When these metabolites were tested for antifungal activity against test pathogens, maximum antifungal activity was exhibited by (±)-protolichesterinic acid against R. solani (ED50 = 23.09 μg mL−1) and P. debaryanum (ED50 = 16.07 μg mL−1) and by atranorin against S. rolfsii (ED50 = 39.70 μg mL−1). The antifungal activity of protolichesterinic acid was found to be comparable to that of hexaconazole, a commercial fungicide
Metabolite profiling of the indian food spice lichen, Pseudevernia furfuracea combined with optimised extraction methodology to obtain bioactive phenolic compounds
No full textPseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) is a well-known epiphytic lichen
commonly used in Indian spice mixtures and food preparations such as curries. This
study is an attempt to find the best extraction methodology with respect to extractive yield,
total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of lichen
P. furfuracea. Two phenolic compounds, atraric acid and olivetoric acid were isolated and
quantified in their respective extracts with the aid of reverse phase high performance liquid
chromatography (RP-HPLC). The highest concentration of both the compounds, atraric
acid (4.89 mg/g DW) and olivetoric acid (11.46 mg/g DW) were found in 70% methanol
extract. A direct correlation was also observed between the concentrations of these
compounds with the free radical scavenging potential of the extracts which might
contribute towards the antioxidant potential of the extract. Moreover, scanning electron
microscopy and HPLC analysis which was used to study the effect of pre-processing on
extraction process highlighted the capacity of a mixer grinder technique for improved
separation of surface localized metabolites and enrichment of the fraction. An investigation
of the chemical profile of the bioactive extract 70% methanol extract using UHPLC-DADMS
lead to tentative identification of forty nine compounds. This extract was also assessed
towards HEK 293 T cell line for cytotoxicity analysis. Concentration range of 0.156 to
100 μg/ml of PF70M extract exhibited no significant cell death as compared to control.
Further, the active extract showed protective effect against hydroxyl radical’s destructive
effects on DNA when assessed using DNA nicking assay. Based upon this, it can be
concluded that optimization of extraction solvent, sample pre-proceesing and extraction
techniques can be useful in extraction of specific antioxidant metabolites.Science and Engineering Research Board ECR/2016/001018Versión publicada - versión final del edito
Application of microbial resources in biorefineries: Current trend and future prospects
No full textThe recent growing interest in sustainable and alternative sources of energy and bio-based products has driven the paradigm shift to an integrated model termed “biorefinery.” Biorefinery framework implements the concepts of novel eco-technologies and eco-efficient processes for the sustainable production of energy and value-added biomolecules. The utilization of microbial resources for the production of various value-added products has been documented in the literatures. However, the appointment of these microbial resources in integrated resource management requires a better understanding of their status. The main of aim of this review is to provide an overview on the defined positioning and overall contribution of the microbial resources, i.e., algae, fungi and bacteria, for various bioprocesses and generation of multiple products from a single biorefinery. By utilizing waste material as a feedstock, biofuels can be generated by microalgae while sequestering environmental carbon and producing value added compounds as by-products. In parallel, fungal biorefineries are prolific producers of lignocellulose degrading enzymes along with pharmaceutically important novel products. Conversely, bacterial biorefineries emerge as a preferred platform for the transformation of standard cells into proficient bio-factories, developing chassis and turbo cells for enhanced target compound production. This comprehensive review is poised to offer an intricate exploration of the current trends, obstacles, and prospective pathways of microbial biorefineries, for the development of future biorefineries
Antifungal activity of extracts of the lichens<i>Parmelia reticulata, Ramalina roesleri, Usnea longissima</i>and<i>Stereocaulon himalayense</i>
No full text
