12,025 research outputs found
Implementation of a vector-based river network routing scheme in the community WRF-Hydro modeling framework for flood discharge simulation
No full textThis work is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 41375088, and in part by the Microsoft Research and the Jackson School of Geoscience, UT-Austin. Cedric H. David is supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. David Gochis and Wei Yu are supported by the National Science Foundation through its cooperative funding of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Additional support for Gochis and Yu were provided by NSF EarthCube Grant #1343811. Kevin Sampson (NCAR) is acknowledged in providing GIS support. P.L., Z.-L.Y., D.J.G., D.R.M., and C.H.D. proposed the implementation of a vector-based river network model in the WRF-Hydro framework, P.L. worked on the code development with contributions from W.Y., M.A.S.-V., and C.H.D., P.L. conducted the modeling experiments with inputs from Z.-L.Y. and D.J.G.Este trabajo está financiado en parte por la National Natural Science Foundation of China bajo la subvención número 41375088, y en parte por Microsoft Research y la Jackson School of Geoscience, UT-Austin. Cedric H. David cuenta con el apoyo del Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, bajo un contrato con la National Aeronautics and Space Administration. David Gochis y Wei Yu cuentan con el apoyo de la National Science Foundation a través de su financiación cooperativa del National Center for Atmospheric Research. Gochis y Yu recibieron apoyo adicional de la subvención NSF EarthCube n.º 1343811. Se agradece a Kevin Sampson (NCAR) por proporcionar apoyo SIG. P.L., Z.-L.Y., D.J.G., D.R.M. y C.H.D. propusieron la implementación de un modelo de red fluvial basado en vectores en el marco WRF-Hydro, P.L. trabajó en el desarrollo del código con contribuciones de W.Y., M.A.S.-V. y C.H.D., P.L. Realizó los experimentos de modelado con aportaciones de Z.-L.Y. y D.J.G.This work is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 41375088, and in part by the Microsoft Research and the Jackson School of Geoscience, UT-Austin. Cedric H. David is supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. David Gochis and Wei Yu are supported by the National Science Foundation through its cooperative funding of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Additional support for Gochis and Yu were provided by NSF EarthCube Grant1343811. Kevin Sampson (NCAR) is acknowledged in providing GIS support. P.L., Z.-L.Y., D.J.G., D.R.M., and C.H.D. proposed the implementation of a vector-based river network model in the WRF-Hydro framework, P.L. worked on the code development with contributions from W.Y., M.A.S.-V., and C.H.D., P.L. conducted the modeling experiments with inputs from Z.-L.Y. and D.J.G
Evolution of cooperation among tumor cells
No full textThe evolution of cooperation has a well established theoretical framework based on game theory. This approach has made valuable contributions to a wide variety of disciplines, including political science, economics, and evolutionary biology. Existing cancer theory suggests that individual clones of cancer cells evolve independently from one another, acquiring all of the genetic traits or hallmarks necessary to form a malignant tumor. It is also now recognized that tumors are heterotypic, with cancer cells interacting with normal stromal cells within the issue microenvironment, including endothelial, stromal, and nerve cells. This tumor cell???stromal cell interaction in itself is a form of commensalism, because it has been demonstrated that these nonmalignant cells support and even enable tumor growth. Here, we add to this theory by regarding tumor cells as game players whose interactions help to determine their Darwinian fitness. We marshal evidence that tumor cells overcome certain host defenses by means of diffusible products. Our original contribution is to raise the possibility that two nearby cells can protect each other from a set of host defenses that neither could survive alone. Cooperation can evolve as byproduct mutualism among genetically diverse tumor cells. Our hypothesis supplements, but does not supplant, the traditional view of carcinogenesis in which one clonal population of cells develops all of the necessary genetic traits independently to form a tumor. Cooperation through the sharing of diffusible products raises new questions about tumorigenesis and has implications for understanding observed phenomena, designing new experiments, and developing new therapeutic approaches.Author manuscript. Published in final edited form as: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 September 5; 103(36): 13474-13479.The final published version of this article is located at: www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0606053103NIH U56 CA113004; to David E. AxelrodR.A. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant SES-0240852. D.E.A. was supported by NSF Grant IIS-0312953, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant U56 CA113004, and New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research Grant 1076-CCR-SO. K.J.P. is an American Cancer Society Clinical Research Professor and is supported by NIH Grants CA69568, CA102872, and CA093900.NIH CA69568; to Kenneth J. PientaNIH CA102872; to Kenneth J. PientaNIH CA093900; to Kenneth J. PientaNSF SES-0240852; to Robert AxelrodNJ Commission on Cancer Research 1076-CCR-SO; to David E. AxelrodAlso available in PubMed Central. PMCID: PMC155738
The Arts Interview. Dr. David Pitt : The Truant Years, E. J. Pratt
No full textHost Fred Hollingshurst interviews Dr. David Pitt of Memorial University, who discusses the life and work of Newfoundland poet E. J. Pratt. Pitt is the author of E. J. Pratt: The Truant Years, 1881-1927
Fly about round me coursing, swallow sweet birds come near [first line]
No full textstrophicpiano and voiceCover is duplicated in 125.115b.Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
125, Item 115aTranslated From the French of Volney L'Hotelier by Samuel J. Gardner, Esq. The Music by Felicien David (Author of "Le Desert").E.G. Warren, Engr
Fly about round me coursing, swallow sweet birds come near [first line]
No full textstrophicpiano and voiceCover is duplicated in 125.115b.Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
125, Item 115aTranslated From the French of Volney L'Hotelier by Samuel J. Gardner, Esq. The Music by Felicien David (Author of "Le Desert").E.G. Warren, Engr
Interview with David Dunn on the subject of bark beetle sounds
No full textAnimaliaArthropodaInsectaColeopteraCompressed from .wav format into .mp3 delivery formatComposer and recording engineer David Dunn describes his recordings of bark beetles in New Mexico, and some of the possible causes and consequences of bark beetle infestations devastating pine forests throughout the WestSounds were recorded using a modified transducer inserted into the bark of the tree, and are taken with permission of the author from the compact disc "The Sound of Light in Trees" produced by David Dunn in collaboration with the Acoustic Ecology Institute. Scientists say that bark beetle populations are increasing in large part because of increased drought and milder winters due to global warming
Modeling the Hydrologic Influence of Subsurface Tile Drainage Using the National Water Model
No full textSubsurface tile drainage (TD) is a dominant agriculture water management practice in the United States (US) to enhance crop production in poorly drained soils. Assessments of field-level or watershed-level (105 km2) impacts of TD on hydrology. The National Water Model (NWM) is a distributed 1-km resolution hydrological model designed to provide accurate streamflow forecasts at 2.7 million reaches across the US. The current NWM lacks TD representation which adds considerable uncertainty to streamflow forecasts in heavily tile-drained areas. In this study, we quantify the performance of the NWM with a newly incorporated tile-drainage scheme over the heavily tile-drained Midwestern US. Employing a TD scheme enhanced the uncalibrated NWM performance by about 20–50% of the fully calibrated NWM (Calib). The calibrated NWM with tile drainage (CalibTD) showed enhanced accuracy with higher event hit rates and lower false alarm rates than Calib. CalibTD showed better performance in high-flow estimations as TD increased streamflow peaks (14%), volume (2.3%), and baseflow (11%). Regional water balance analysis indicated that TD significantly reduced surface runoff (−7% to −29%), groundwater recharge (−43% to −50%), evapotranspiration (−7% to −13%), and soil moisture content (−2% to −3%). However, TD significantly increased soil profile lateral flow (27.7%) along with infiltration and soil water storage potential. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of incorporating the TD process into the operational configuration of the NWM.This aritcle is published as Valayamkunnath, Prasanth, David J. Gochis, Fei Chen, Michael Barlage, and Kristie J. Franz. "Modeling the hydrologic influence of subsurface tile drainage using the National Water Model." Water Resources Research 58, no. 4 (2022): e2021WR031242. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031242. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
Unsung Hero of Gettysburg: The Story of Union General David McMurtrie Gregg
No full textReviewer David J. Eicher writes that Longacre presents a “fine narrative,” in which the author weaves stories of the general’s personal life together with battle scenes that “are interesting and move along at a fast pace.” Longacre “clearly admires his subject,” Eicher writes, but the work “is not without offering criticism.” With Unsung Hero of Gettysburg, the general “has finally received a biography that delivers the details of a soldier’s full and interesting life,” over a century after Gregg’s death
Should i publish in an open access journal?
No full textAn “author pays” publishing model is the only fair way to make biomedical research findings accessible to all, say Matthew Kurien and David S Sanders, but James J Ashton and R Mark Beattie worry that it can lead to bias in the evidence base towards commercially driven results
Portrait of David Rowbotham, 1958 [picture] /
No full textCondition: good, framed.; Inscriptions: "The Studio, 225 Brunswick Rd, Valley, Bris. David Rowbotham, author poet & journalist" -- verso; Signed "Sibley '58" -- lower c.; Title from accession record.; File no 204/13/64
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