101,572 research outputs found
[Letter from Ethel and Glyn Quade to T. N. Carswell - February 1, 1973]
No full textLetter written to Mr. Carswell from Glyn G. Quade, Sagerton, Texas dated February 1, 1973. Quade expresses his hope that Carswell has overcome his fall and is able to be around again. He advises that it is income tax reporting time again and that if Carswell is back at the office then he will bring his papers for him to prepare
A numerical investigation of impulsively generated vortical structures in deep and shallow fluid layers
No full textThe evolution and formation of large-scale turbulent coherent structures induced by an impulsive jet between non-deformable stress-free layers are investigated via direct numerical simulation at a jet Reynolds number of 1250. The ratio of the initial size of the vortex to the domain depth is varied to study the influence of the bounding surface confinement. A non-conservative body force is applied to the governing equations to represent the momentum source. During the forcing period, the coherent structure appears in the form of a leading vortex ring together with a trailing jet, and breaks down to turbulence due to an instability very similar to the Widnall instability before interacting with the free surface. The input parameters (the momentum flux J, the forcing period ?t f , and the domain depth h) can be grouped together as the confinement number C = J 1/2?t f /h 2 to parameterise the intensity and strength of the eddy signature at the free surface. Increasing the confinement number corresponds to reducing the ratio of the domain depth to the initial size of the vortex, which leads to a linear increase in the maximum amplitude of the surface signature in terms of the surface eddy strength. A dipole forms for values of C greater than about unity, even though the eddy signature appears at the free surface for all the confinement numbers considere
'Tough'-constructions and their derivation
No full textThis article addresses the syntax of the notorious 'tough' (-movement) construction (TC) in English. TCs exhibit a range of apparently contradictory empirical properties suggesting that their derivation involves the application of both A-movement and A'-movement operations. Given that within previous
Principles and Parameters models TCs have remained “unexplained and in principle unexplainable” (Holmberg 2000: 839) due to incompatibility with constraints on theta-assignment, locality, and Case, this article argues that the phase-based implementation of the Minimalist program (Chomsky 2000,
2001, 2004) permits a reanalysis of null wh-operators capable of circumventing the previous theoretical difficulties. Essentially, 'tough'-movement consists of A-moving a constituent out of a “complex” null operator which has already undergone A'-movement, a “smuggling” construction in the terms of Collins (2005a,b
Why the binding theory doesn’t apply at LF
No full textThis article argues that the relegation of the binding theory to the C-I interface (LF) is theoretically undesirable and empirically unwarranted. Recent Minimalist research has sought to eliminate the binding theory from UG by reducing its conditions to narrow-syntactic operations (Hornstein 2000, 2006; Reuland 2001, 2006; Kayne 2002; Zwart 2002, 2006; Hicks 2006). This approach remains controversial since the canonical Minimalist binding theory (Chomsky 1993; Chomsky and Lasnik 1993) views the binding conditions as interpretive rules applying at LF, supported by evidence that Condition A interacts with other interpretive phenomena assumed to be determined at LF (Lebeaux 1998; Fox and Nissenbaum 2004). While the interaction of anaphor binding and scope relations in particular is not disputed, I show that it is attributable to factors outside the binding theory, namely the requirement that variables (including anaphors) must be c-commanded by their binders at LF. Deprived of its strongest empirical argument, the LF binding theory can then be picked apart
Social democracy and full employment
No full textFull employment was the centrepiece of the economic policy of social democracy in the post-war period. Whilst the role of Keynesianism in policy making may be exaggerated, it offered the prospect of maintaining full employment without any section of society having to pay. Problems with the foreign balance and with the budget deficits, however, may require that some part of society has to pay with reduced consumption for full employment. This will tend to sharpen the distributive conflicts which, as Kalecki argued, are endemic to full employment capitalism and which eventually rendered it unsustainable by undermining profitability and the dynamism of private investment. The demand necessary to sustain full employment can be maintained by a balanced budget expansion provided the political support can be secured for the higher taxation and provided the institutions for containing distributional conflict can be developed. -- Vollbeschäftigung war das Hauptziel sozialdemokratischer Wirtschaftspolitik in der Nachkriegsära. Auch wenn die Rolle des Keynesianismus hinsichtlich der praktischen Politik überschätzt werden könnte, so stellte er doch in Aussicht, Vollbeschäftigung zu erhalten, ohne daß dies auf Kosten eines Teils der Gesellschaft ging. Im Falle einer unausgeglichenen Außenhandelsbilanz und bei Haushaltsdefiziten könnte es natürlich dazu kommen, daß für einige Gruppen in der Gesellschaft Vollbeschäftigung nur um den Preis eines verminderten Konsumniveaus zu haben ist. Dies könnte dann zu einer Verschärfung von Verteilungskonflikten führen, die, so Kalecki, zu einem Vollbeschäftigungskapitalismus gehören und die schließlich ein Stadium erreichen könnten, in dem durch Aushöhlung der Profitabilität und der Investitionsdynamik die Selbsterhaltungskräfte verschwänden. Die für die Sicherung der Vollbeschäftigung notwendige Nachfrage kann durch eine ausgewogene Budgetausweitung erhalten bleiben, vorausgesetzt, die notwendige politische Unterstützung für eine höhere Besteuerung kann gesichert und institutionelle Regelungen für eine Eindämmung der Verteilungskonflikte können entwickelt werden.
"So easy to look at, so hard to define”: tough movement in the minimalist framework
No full textThis dissertation addresses the syntactic analysis of the (English) tough construction (TC), a syntactic construction in which (typically) adjectival predicates in the semantic class of 'tough' and 'easy' may participate:(i) John is tough/easy/impossible/a cinch to please eIn this construction, the matrix subject is coreferent with the understood (nonovert) object of the embedded infinitival, as the non-TC paraphrase in (ii) shows:(ii) It is tough/easy/impossible/a cinch to please JohnA theoretically and empirically adequate analysis of such constructions has long proved elusive in generative syntactic frameworks: on the one hand due to apparent incompatibility with the theoretical principles of Case-theory, theta-theory,
and movement constraints, on the other due to a range of largely contradictory empirical facts suggesting that TCs involve both NP-movement (‘A-movement’) and wh-movement (‘A-bar-movement’). The very fact that within previous Principles
and Parameters models TCs have proved “in principle unexplainable” (Holmberg, 2001:839) appears detrimental to the credibility of such syntactic frameworks. I attempt to fill this previously conspicuous ‘gap’ in the empirical adequacy of Principles and Parameters syntax, arguing that recent revisions to the minimalist framework (particularly Chomsky 2000; 2001a) should inspire a rethinking of TCs,
thus lending further support to the current minimalist framework and the manner in which core theoretical principles are reworked therein.Chapter 2 provides a range of evidence to support the claim that the lexical argument structure of 'tough'-class predicates is identical in both TC and non-TC configurations. Chapter 3 briefly introduces crucial additions to the recent minimalist
framework concerning agreement, movement and feature-checking. Chapter 4 details the various problems encountered by the most common analyses of TCs within generative syntax, and the reasons why each is incompatible with a specific set of basic theoretical assumptions. Drawing on this, chapter 5 outlines an analysis of TCs consistent with these assumptions as stated in the current framework, based on an innovative approach to the syntax of null wh-operators. Chapter 6
explores some consequences of extending this analysis to provide an account for a set of constructions apparently related to TCs
The distribution of prime ideals of imaginary quadratic fields
No full textAbstract. Let Q(x; y) be a primitive positive definite quadratic form with
integer coecients. Then, for all (s; t) 2 R2 there exist (m; n) 2 Z2 such that
Q(m; n) is prime and
Q(m- s; n - t) Q(s; t)0:53 + 1:
This is deduced from another result giving an estimate for the number of prime
ideals in an ideal class of an imaginary quadratic number eld that fall in a
given sector and whose norm lies in a short interval
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
The Holy Bible : containing the Old and New Testaments, newly translated out of the original tongues, and with the former translations diligently compared and revised : by His Majesty's special command : appointed to be read in churches.
No full textMs. presentation notes of Lady Carr Glyn to her daughter Mary Elizabeth dated 1811.Contains ms. family record of Richard Carr Glyn, Lord Mayor of London, and Mary Plumptre, covering years 1785-1805."An index to the Holy Bible, or an account of the most remarkable passages ...": signatures a-d⁴, following New Testament.Printed in double columns; marginal notes; initials.Apocrypha (signatures Ggg-Sss⁸) bound at end of v. 2.Last signatures: Old Testament, Fff²; New Testament, Llll⁸.The New Testament has special title page: The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, newly translated out of the original Greek ...Mode of access: Internet.Bound in tooled calf with gilt edges, by Riviere
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