103 research outputs found
The quantum Fourier transform and quantum chaos
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-133).This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.In this thesis I study control of quantum systems while implementing complex quantum operations. Through experimental implementations of such operations, I test the accuracy of control and provide methods for identifying the type and strength of experimental errors. The centerpiece of this work is the quantum Fourier transform (QFT), an essential gate for quantum algorithms and quantum simulations. Experiments are performed on a three qubit liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance quantum information processor, and demonstrate salient features of the QFT in both of these venues. The first experiment exhibits the ability of the QFT to extract periodicity, a necessary process for many quantum algorithms. As an example of a quantum simulation, I implement a three qubit quantum baker's map, which is composed of QFTs, and discuss how various conjectures of quantum chaos could be experimentally realized on a quantum computer. Another example of complex quantum operations are 'pseudo-random' maps. These are operators which pass statistical tests of randomness but can be efficiently implemented on a quantum computer. I explore the importance of pseudo-random maps for the study of quantum chaos and a host of quantum information processing protocols. I also implement a set of such maps experimentally. In order to determine the type and strength of the errors effecting our implemetations, quantum process tomography is done on the QFT.(cont.) From the constructed QFT superoperator and Kraus forms I show how best to analyze the data in order to extract information about coherent, incoherent, and decoherent errors. Finally, I explore fidelity decay as a signature of quantum chaos. The simulations performed concentrate on the exact determination of fidelity decay behavior for quantum chaotic systems, and attempt to identify properties of the evolution operator that cause the observed fidelity decay behavior.by Yaakov Shmuel Weinstein.Ph.D
Engineering carbon fixation in E. coli : from heterologous RuBisCO expression to the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle
No full textA poeta das "moradas da morte" : sobre a obra lírica de Nelly Sachs
No full textThe article studies the German-speaking poetess Nelly Sachs, who received the Nobel-Prize for literature in 1966, together with Shmuel Agnon. In order to shed light upon the behind the decision of the jury, an overview on life and work of the author will be given and a number of poems will be analyzed.Der Artikel behandelt die deutschsprachige Dichterin Nelly Sachs, die 1966 mit Shmuel Agnon den Nobelpreis für Literatur erhielt. In der Absicht, die Gründe für die Entscheidung der Jury zu beleuchten, wird ein Überblick über Leben und Werk der Autorin gegeben und einige ausgewählte Gedichte analysiert
Stratifications on the Ran Space
No full textAcknowledgements: The author was partly sponsored by EP/P025072/1. Thanks to Ben Antieau and Shmuel Weinberger for insightful discussions and guidance. Thanks to Justin Curry for suggesting the counterexample of Fig. 4. Thanks to the reviewers for helpful comments and corrections.Peer reviewe
La Genèse de la modernité dans le judaïsme médiéval/ The Emergence of Modernity in Medieval Judaism [une ré-évaluation du partage épistémologique "tradition-modernité"]
No full textMany sociological studies have been devoted to the contemporary Jewries, at the expense of a sociology of judaism. To make such a sociology possible, we must question the epistemological duality tradition/modernity, private sphere/public sphere, which may lead researchers to overlook judaism's social and historical developments. Aiming at a reconstitution of the emergence of Jewish modernity through the evolution of society and of traditional judaism, the author endeavors to collect the necessary elements for the constitution of new a systematical sociological model of Judaism. Adopting Louis Dumont's method, and using an anthropological approach to study the texts, he locates the roots of the process of emancipation from tradition that led to modernity in Jewish philosophy -a synthesis of Jewish and Greek elements. Through three successive stages: mediation, negation, positiveness, among which the most important was Maimonides' apophatical theology in the 12th century, the socio-political realm progressively distinguished and separated itself from the normative supervision of religion.La sociologie des judaïcités contemporaines a fait négliger la sociologie du judaïsme mais pour la rendre possible, il faut reconsidérer le partage épistémologique tradition/modernité, privé/public qui retranchent en règle générale le judaïsme de la socialite et de l'historicité. En tentant de reconstituer une genèse de la modernité juive à travers l'évolution de la société et du judaïsme traditionnels, l'auteur tente de rassembler les éléments pour construire à nouveaux frais un modèle sociologique systématique du judaïsme. S'inspirant de la méthode de Louis Dumont, et développant une approche anthropologique des textes, il identifie dans la philosophie juive (la synthèse du juif et du grec), le processus de rupture de la tradition (et dans la tradition) qui conduit à la modernité. A travers la succession de trois phases (médiation, négativisation, positivité) dont la plus importante fut celle de la théologie apophatique maïmonidienne (XIIe siècle), le champ socio-politique se distingue puis se sépare progressivement de la tutelle normative de la religion.Los sociólogos se interesarón más por las judaicidades contemporáneas que por el judaísmo. Una sociología del judaísmo será posible cuando se reconsidere las distinctiones epistemológicas tradición/modernidad, privado/público que situan habitualmente el judaismo fuera de la socialidad y de la historicidad. Intentando reconstituir una génesis de la modernidad judía a través de la sociedad y del judaismo tradicionales, el autor reune los elementos necesarios para construir un nuevo modelo sociológico sistemático del judaísmo. Inspirandose del método de Louis Dumont, y desarollando un punto de vista antropológico sobre los textos, identifica el proceso de ruptura de la tradición que conduce a la modernidad en la filosofía judía (sintesis del griego y del judío). Se distinguen tres fases (mediación, negativisación, positividad). La más importante fue la de la teologia apofática de Maimónides y sus seguidores (siglo XII). En este proceso, el campo socio-politico se distingue y luego se separa progresivamente de la tutela normativa de la religión.Trigano Shmuel. La Genèse de la modernité dans le judaïsme médiéval/ The Emergence of Modernity in Medieval Judaism [une ré-évaluation du partage épistémologique "tradition-modernité"]. In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n°91, 1995. pp. 137-160
Governance and economic growth
No full textBecause protection of property rights cannot be appropriated by any individual, it is widely recognized as being the state's responsibility. Moreover, recent empirical evidence suggests that protection of property rights leads to higher investment levels and faster growth. The extent of property rights protection differs significantly across countries. The author integrates the emergence of property rights within a simple growth framework. Drawing on North (1990), he presents a model where economic performance and enforcement of property rights may reinforce each other.Initial conditions determine the economy's convergence to a high-income or a low-income steady state. Existing empirical evidence offers tentative support for this theory.Judicial System Reform,Labor Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Common Property Resource Development,Economic Theory&Research,Inequality,Common Property Resource Development,Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators
Isaiah 56:9 - 57:13: Time of the Prophecy and Identity of the Author. According to Samuel David Luzzatto
No full textHow do we recognize Marxism?
No full textThe title of the study is a paraphrase of Gilles Deleuze’s inspiring work How Do We Recognize
Structuralism? (1974). The explanation proceeds in three steps. First, the author – following
Wolfgang Iser’s conception – defines the relevant differences between ‘discourse’ and ‘theory’
(W. Iser). Second, he presents Marxism as a discursive ideal type (Max Weber’s Idealtyp) that
characterizes several (seven) distinctive features: (i) totality, (ii) dialectics, (iii) base and superstructure, (iv) materialism and historization, (v) subjective and objective, (vi) true and inevitable, (vii) revolutionary practice. In the third chapter of his study, the author briefly formulates
a wider sociological context; inspired by the concepts of Shmuel Eisendtadt and Cornelius
Castoriadis, he defines Marxism as one of the discourses articulating the cultural project of
modernity and as part of a permanent process of ‘social self-production’
Principles of the police organization and activities
No full textThe article gives the analysis of a number of principles of the police organization and activities worked out by the author. They are the following: legality, coordination of centralization and decentralization, humanity, community partipation in police activities, mobility, intensity, innevitable responsibility for crime and public order offences, coordination of strategy and tactics, usage of science and technology, dynamism and control. The article also presents a short reflection of the police goals because they are directly related to the principles of the police organization and activities.Straipsnyje nagrinėjami autoriaus suformuluoti policijos organizacijos ir veiklos principai: teisėtumas, centralizacijos ir decentralizacijos koordinavimas, humaniškumas, visuomenės dalyvavimas policijos veikloje, mobilumas, intensyvumas, atsakomybės už padarytus nusikaltimus bei viešosios tvarkos pažeidimus neišvengiamumas, strategijos ir taktikos suderinamumas, mokslo ir technikos diegimas, dinamiškumas ir kontrolė. Be to, straipsnyje glaustai pateikiami policijos tikslai, kadangi jie tiesiogiai susiję su policijos organizacijos ir veiklos principais
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