1,721,301 research outputs found
Malattie metaboliche dello scheletro nell'anziano. Nuove acquisizioni alle soglie del terzo millennio.
No full textEffects of octreotide on autophagy markers and cell viability markers related to metabolic activity in rat pituitary tumor cells
No full textPurpose: The aim of this work was to investigate possible direct effects of the somatostatin analog octreotide on autophagy markers and markers of cellular metabolic activity using in vitro cultured rat pituitary tumor cells (GH3 cell line). Methods: We measured two markers of the autophagic flux in cell lysates by Western blot and MTT reductive activity, total cellular ATP levels, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex activity in cells lysates as markers of cell viability related to metabolic activity. Results: Octreotide (100 nM) treatment induced autophagy activation (increased LC3-I protein lipidation) and enhanced the autophagic flux (SQSTM1/p62 protein downregulation) in GH3 cells in different incubation media, in detail in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) as well as in maintenance medium with serum. We did not observe any decrease of redox activity and energy production related to the induction of autophagy by octreotide. On the other hand, short-term treatments with octreotide in HBSS tended to enhance MTT reduction activity and to increase PDH complex enzymatic activity and ATP levels measured in GH3 cell lysates. Conclusions: We provided evidence that octreotide can affect autophagy in pituitary tumor cells. The observed effects of octreotide were not related to a decrease of cellular metabolic activity. Finally, the induction of autophagy was either short-lived or overshadowed by other factors in the long term and this limit does not help clarifying their real impact on the pharmacological activity of somatostatin analogs
A Division Architecture Combining Newton-Raphson Approximations and Direct Methods Iterations
No full textThe authors consider the possibility of designing architectures which combine in the best possible way the convergence with the square advantages of the Newton-Raphson method with the precision characteristics of the digit-by-digit algorithms so as to obtain units which satisfy the IEEE 754 floating point standard requirements. This is a general method which can be extended with simple and minor changes also to square root. Attention is focused on a possible implementation of this design methodology for division. The evaluation shows that the proposed unit offers an alternative architecture for division which provides interesting performance
Sleep apnea in acromegaly: a review on prevalence, pathogenetic aspects and treatment
No full textSleep apnea syndrome is a common complication of acromegaly with a negative impact on quality of life and survival. Obstructive sleep apnea is the prevailing form and is characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea and hypopnea owing to the total or partial collapse of the upper airways during sleep. The craniofacial deformations and the hypertrophy of upper airway soft tissue are responsible for its occurrence. Successful treatment of acromegaly can improve the severity of this complication, but can only seldom reverse it, particularly after a long time of active acromegaly. Thus, it is advisable to evaluate patients for sleep apnea syndrome at diagnosis and during treatment, and also when acromegaly is biochemically controlled. In selected cases, continuous positive airway pressure should be implemented to improve patient outcome
Revisiting the endocrine and metabolic manifestations of COVID-19 two years into the pandemic
No full textAn extraordinary effort of the universal endocrine community has led to important insights into endocrine and metabolic aspects of COVID-19. In this Editorial, we introduce a special issue of Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders that calls attention, through the efforts of internationally recognized experts in the field, to features that are now widely recognized as endocrine and metabolic manifestations of COVID-19. These advances in our knowledge have seminal implications for how we can prevent and manage these aspects of COVID-19
Division Unit with Newton-Raphson Approximation and Digit-by-Digit Refinement of the Quotient
No full textThe advantages of the convergence with the square of the Newton-Raphson method are combined with the precision characteristics of digit-by-digit algorithms to obtain units for fast division that satisfy the IEEE 754 floating point standard requirements. A general design methodology that leads to a class of alternative architectures providing interesting performances for division is presented, together with one example of possible implementation. In particular, the proposed implementation achieves a speedup varying from 20% to about 30% in comparison with a previous architecture by Fandrianto, with a relatively small additional hardware cost if a multiplier is already available on the arithmetic uni
The emerging osteo-metabolic phenotype of COVID-19: clinical and pathophysiological aspects
No full text
- …
