1,720,985 research outputs found
Introduction to "Owning lands, seas, and the internet of things. From the tragedies of the commons to the tragedies of the anti-commons"
No full textIntroduction to the special section on "Owning lands, seas, and the internet of things. From the tragedies of the commons to the tragedies of the anti-commons
The Political Ecology of Small-scale and Artisanal Fisheries: Enclosures, Property and Conservation
No full textThis article concentrates on some aspects of the political ecology of a specific portion of
marine resource users, holders, and guardians – small-scale and artisanal fisheries (SSFs)
– with the aim of exploring some of the struggles they are currently facing and how they
are positioned vis à vis some of the solutions proposed to improve marine resources and
ecosystems management and conservation. In particular, the article looks at the expansion
of states’ sovereignty and private property to reduce unsustainable catches and at the
establishment of marine and coastal protected areas as instruments that often fall short
of sufficiently considering and respecting the livelihoods, culture, and practices of SSFs,
so being at risk of falling under the catchy name of ocean grabbing.
It is an explorative study, aimed at underlining the importance of keeping a political
perspective when looking at SSFs
Owning lands, seas, and the internet of things. From the tragedies of the commons to the tragedies of the anti-commons
No full textThis monographic section
offers readers the possibility to critically reflect – from a legal, anthropological,
philosophical, and economic point of view – on the diversity of existing forms
of property, with particular attention to the commons
Rights with limits: biocultural rights - between self-determination and conservation of the environment
No full textKabir Bavikatte has recently argued that a new 'basket' of group rights is emerging from the interpretation of multilateral environmental agreements, domestic law and case law, and from shifts in the development discourse and the struggles of communities. He refers to this new set of rights as 'biocultural rights' and defines them as being all the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities required to secure their stewardship role over their lands and waters. Biocultural rights build on two foundations: the self-determination and cultural diversity of indigenous peoples and local communities, and the conservation of the environment. This article suggests that the second foundation is what makes biocultural rights potentially more appealing than other human rights but that it is also the reason for their sui generis potential. Unlike human rights generally, biocultural rights seem to be aimed at protecting not only the interests of their right-holders, indigenous peoples and local communities, but also seem to protect a general interest of humankind in the conservation of the environment through the impositions of stewardship duties on rights-holders. Therefore, it is suggested that while biocultural rights provide a promising instrument for the promotion and protection of the interests of indigenous peoples and local communities, they also require such peoples and communities to be conscious of the fact that they, as biocultural rights-holders, take on a potentially inequitable duty towards environmental sustainability that limits their self-determination interests. The article explores some of the conceptual tensions emerging from this possibility and from the fact that indigenous peoples and local communities are presented as co-referents for the same umbrella of rights
Algunas reflexiones sobre la arquitectura de los derechos. ¿ Son los lìmites internos diferentes de los externos?
No full textPor lo general, cada derecho tiene como objetivo la protección de un interés (o un conjunto de intereses agrupados) de un solo sujeto. Sin embargo, es posible imaginar un derecho que se reconoce para proteger, al mismo tiempo, dos o más intereses distintos de dos o más sujetos distintos.
Este capítulo se enfoca en los límites internos de los derechos que pueden derivar del conflicto que pueda suscitarse entre los dos o más intereses protegidos para de un derecho. Analizando tres derechos –los derechos parentales, el derecho a un medioambiente saludable y la libertad de expresión– el capítulo se pregunta si tales límites internos son una fachada cuyo comportamiento es equivalente al de los límites externos. En conclusión, el capítulo demuestra que la arquitectura de los derechos es relevante. No porque lleve a posiciones normativas diferentes, sino porque la forma en que los derechos son vistos, interpretados, tratados, percibidos, temidos y apreciados depende de consideraciones que pueden no ser del todo conscientes y explícitas para los intérpretes y que están influenciadas por la apariencia del derecho.
Esta consideración nos recordará que los derechos son productos históricos humanos. Y ningún producto o acción humana puede ser completamente neutral e imparcial. Para comprender totalmente el ámbito de los derechos es, por tanto, necesario involucrarse más profundamente en cómo la gente real ve, percibe y trata con el mundo abstracto de los conceptos
Anthropocene : new encounters, old patterns. A few comments on payments for ecosystem services
Full text linkThis paper focuses on one of the answers that have been given to the question: what type of change is to be pursued to limit human impact on the Earth while considering the needs of poor and disadvantaged communities? In particular it looks at a proposal that combines sustainable development approaches with market mechanisms and top-down technocratic responses: payments for Ecosystem Services frameworks. They have been criticized by many points of view and this paper questions, in particular, their very reliance on the market, questioning their appropriateness for the regulation of conservation activities and their interaction with local communities
Egadi Islands, COVID-19 Island Insight Series
Full text linkThe COVID-19 Island Insights Series is an initiative spearheaded by the Strathclyde Centre for Environmental Law & Governance (SCELG) and the Institute of Island Studies (IIS) at the University of Prince Edward Island in collaboration with Island Innovation. The initiative brings together critical assessments of how specific islands around the world have performed during the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which their recovery plans can promote resilience and sustainability in the long term
De la descripción de la ecología a la prescripción del derecho y la política. Algunos retos de las teorías del cambio ambiental
Full text linkEl artículo, sin aspiración a ser exhaustivo, analiza una pequeña muestra de las propuestas filosóficas generadas para responder a la necesidad de cambiar la relación entre la humanidad y el planeta. Frente a la retórica de la crisis ambiental, las tres teorías elegidas ―Integridad Ecológica, Jurisprudencia de la Tierra y Ecología del Derecho― sugieren el uso de las ciencias naturales como guía incuestionable no solo para fundamentar las decisiones políticas y jurídicas ―es decir, para inspirar la toma de decisiones basadas en la ciencia―, sino más bien para dar respuestas aparentemente apolíticas a los retos medioambientales actuales, ocultando las decisiones normativas y basadas en valores bajo un velo de neutralidad científica. Utilizando la distinción de Chakrabarty entre las dimensiones global y planetaria, el artículo describe las tres teorías y propone algunas críticas generales a su enfoque común de la relación ciencia-política
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