239 research outputs found
Land and changing social relations in South Africa's former reserves : the case of Luphaphasi in Sakhisizwe Local Municipality, Eastern Cape.
No full textIncludes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references
Mimicking the last step of gene elongation: hints from the bacterial hisF gene
No full textGene elongation consists in an in-tandem duplication of a gene and divergence and fusion of the two copies, resulting in a gene constituted by two divergent paralogous modules. Many present-day proteins show internal repeats of amino acid sequences, generated by gene elongation events; however, gene elongation is still a poorly studied evolutionary molecular mechanism. The most documented case is that of the histidine biosynthetic genes hisA and hisF, which derive from the gene elongation of an ancestral gene half the size of the extant ones.
The aim of this work was to experimentally simulate the possible last step of the gene elongation event occurred during hisF gene evolution under selective pressure conditions.
Azospirillum brasilense hisF gene, carrying a single nucleotide mutation that generates a stop codon between the two halves of the gene, was used to transform the histidine-auxotrophic Escherichia coli strain FB182 (hisF892). The transformed strain was subjected to selective pressure (i.e., low concentration/absence of histidine in the growth medium) and the obtained mutants were characterized.
The restoration of prototrophy was strongly dependent on the time of incubation and on the strength of the selective pressure. The mutations involved the introduced stop codon with a single base substitution and none of the mutants restored the wild-type codon. Possible correlations between the different mutations and i) E. coli codon usage, ii) three-dimensional structures of the mutated HisF proteins, and iii) growth ability of the mutants were investigated. On the contrary, when the experiment was repeated by mutating a more conserved codon, only a synonymous substitution was obtained.
Thus, experiments performed in this study allowed to mimic a possible gene elongation event occurred during the evolution of hisF gene, evidencing the ability of bacterial cells to modify their genome in short times under selective conditions
Integrated simulation and optimization of continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing
No full textThe goal of this work focuses mainly in the development of reduced-order modeling tools for the design and optimization of manufacturing of pharmaceutical oral solid dosage form products. This work- as part of a collective effort of the Engineering Research Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems (ERC-SOPS)- aims to combine all the research findings of the Center in terms of material properties and process understanding in order to design efficient continuous integrated manufacturing processes. Different surrogate-based methodologies are assessed for reduced-order model building based on either experimental data or computer simulation data. In addition, the effects of uncertainty of the available data, material properties and model parameters on model performance are addressed systematically. Finally, unit operation models are combined into a flowsheet simulation model which can be used for process design through the development of a simulation-based optimization strategy for noisy expensive flowsheets with complex constraints.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Fani Boukouval
Haptics
No full textIn vision, Augmented Reality (AR) allows the superposition of digital content on real-world visual information, relying on the well-established See-through paradigm. In the haptic domain, a putative Feel-through wearable device should allow to modify the tactile sensation without masking the actual cutaneous perception of the physical objects. To the best of our knowledge, a similar technology is still far to be effectively implemented. In this work, we present an approach that allows, for the first time, to modulate the perceived softness of real objects using a Feel-through wearable that uses a thin fabric as interaction surface. During the interaction with real objects, the device can modulate the growth of the contact area over the fingerpad without affecting the force experienced by the user, thus modulating the perceived softness. To this aim, the lifting mechanism of our system warps the fabric around the fingerpad in a way proportional to the force exerted on the specimen under exploration. At the same time, the stretching state of the fabric is controlled to keep a loose contact with the fingerpad. We demonstrated that different softness perceptions for the same specimens can be elicited, by suitably controlling the lifting mechanism of the system
Photobiomodulation and Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners: A Case Report of Severe Crowding and Agenesis
No full textThis paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation in accelerating orthodontic treatment with clear aligners in correcting an orthodontic malocclusion characterized by severe crowding and agenesis in an adult subject. An adult male patient with Class I malocclusion, a mild Class III skeletal base and severe crowding was treated with 88 Invisalign® (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA, USA) pairs of aligners replaced every 5 days in combination with an Orthopulse™ (Biolux Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada) photobiomodulation device for home use by the patient. The total orthodontic treatment time was 440 days. Orthopulse™ is a photobiomodulation device that generates continuous beams of near-infrared light (NIR—near-infrared) with a wavelength of 850 nm and a power of 42 mW/cm2 to produce an average energy density on the surface of the silicone impression of 9.3 J/cm2. The combined use of clear aligners and the Orthopulse™ device allowed the patient to replace the aligners according to an experimental 5-day protocol to speed up the orthodontic therapy and, thus, resolve the malocclusion in less time than the manufacturer’s standard
The histidine biosynthetic genes in the superphylum bacteroidota-rhodothermota-balneolota-chlorobiota: Insights into the evolution of gene structure and organization
No full textOne of the most studied metabolic routes is the biosynthesis of histidine, especially in enterobacteria where a single compact operon composed of eight adjacent genes encodes the complete set of biosynthetic enzymes. It is still not clear how his genes were organized in the genome of the last universal common ancestor community. The aim of this work was to analyze the structure, organization, phylogenetic distribution, and degree of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of his genes in the Bacteroidota-Rhodothermota-Balneolota-Chlorobiota superphylum, a group of phylogenetically close bacteria with different surviving strategies. The analysis of the large variety of his gene structures and organizations revealed different scenarios with genes organized in more or less compact—heterogeneous or homogeneous—operons, in suboperons, or in regulons. The organization of his genes in the extant members of the superphylum suggests that in the common ancestor of this group, genes were scattered throughout the chromosome and that different forces have driven the assembly of his genes in compact operons. Gene fusion events and/or paralog formation, HGT of single genes or entire operons between strains of the same or different taxonomic groups, and other molecular rearrangements shaped the his gene structure in this superphylum
Mechanosensitivity of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) is the key through which amyloid beta oligomers activate them
No full textQuantitative assessment of the degradation of aggregated TDP-43 mediated by the ubiquitin proteasome system and macroautophagy
No full textAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions are neurodegenerative disorders that share the cytosolic deposition of TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) in the CNS. TDP-43 is well known as being actively degraded by both the proteasome and macroautophagy. The well-documented decrease in the efficiency of these clearance systems in aging and neurodegeneration, as well as the genetic evidence that many of the familial forms of TDP-43 proteinopathies involve genes that are associated with them, suggest that a failure of these protein degradation systems is a major factor that contributes to the onset of TDP-43-associated disorders. Here, we inserted preformed human TDP-43 aggregates in the cytosol of murine NSC34 and N2a cells in diffuse form and observed their degradation under conditions in which exogenous TDP-43 is not expressed and endogenous nuclear TDP-43 is not recruited, thereby allowing a time zero to be established in TDP-43 degradation and to observe its disposal kinetically and analytically. TDP-43 degradation was observed in the absence and presence of selective inhibitors and small interfering RNAs against the proteasome and autophagy. We found that cytosolic diffuse aggregates of TDP-43 can be distinguished in 3 different classes on the basis of their vulnerability to degradation, which contributed to the definition-with previous reports-of a total of 6 distinct classes of misfolded TDP-43 species that range from soluble monomer to undegradable macroaggregates. We also found that the proteasome and macroautophagy-degradable pools of TDP-43 are fully distinguishable, rather than in equilibrium between them on the time scale required for degradation, and that a significant crosstalk exists between the 2 degradation processes.-Cascella, R., Fani, G., Capitini, C., Rusmini, P., Poletti, A., Cecchi, C., Chiti, F. Quantitative assessment of the degradation of aggregated TDP-43 mediated by the ubiquitin proteasome system and macroautophagy
Feasibility assessment of CT-based thermometry for temperature monitoring during thermal procedure: Influence of ROI size and scan setting on metrological properties
No full textMODIFIKASI PRODUK CHURROS FROZEN DENGAN BAHAN TAMBAHAN BAYAM
No full textABSTRAK
“MODIFIKASI CHURROS FROZEN DENGAN BAHAN TAMBAHAN BAYAM”
FANI SILPIANI (NIM 1601882)
2020
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah modifikasi frozen food dengan bahan sehat dan juga untuk meningkatkan konsumsi sayuran untuk masyarakat. Dengan adanya cara lain untuk mengkonsumsi sayur tidak hanya dengan cara ditumis saja diharapkan dapat meningkatkan konsumsi sayuran pada masyarakat yang kurang menyukai sayur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Pengujiannya dilakukan dengan menggunakan kitchen project. Terdapat analisis deskriptif disetiap uji eksperimen pembuatan churros bayam. Teknik dalam pengambilan data penelitian ini penulis mengunakan cara studi literature, melakukan eksperimen, dan mendokumentasikan setiap hasil eksperimen sebagai bahan perbandingan. Indikator yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mutu makanan dari rasa, aroma, tekstur, bentuk, kandungan gizi, penampilan, dan suhu. Penelitian ini akan menghasilkan produk churros bayam, resep standar churros bayam, kemasan dan labeling pada produk churros bayam, harga jual dan strategi pemasarannya.
Kata Kunci : churros bayam, modifikasi, bayam, frozen food
ABSTRACT
“CHURROS MODIFICATION FROZEN WITH ADDITIONAL INGREDIENTS ”
FANI SILPIANI (NIM 1601882)
2020
This research tries to add frozen food with healthy ingredients and also to increase vegetable consumption for the community. With another way to consume vegetables not only by sauteing it is expected to increase vegetable consumption in people who do not like vegetables. This research is an experimental research and the method used is the experimental method. The test is carried out using a trial test or kitchen project. Churros spinach is a descriptive analysis. The technique in taking the data of this study the author uses the way of studying literature, conducting experiments, and documenting each experimental result as experimental material. The indicators used in this study are foods of taste, aroma, texture, shape, nutritional content, appearance, and temperature. This research will produce spinach churros product, spinach churros standard recipes, packaging and labeling on spinach churros product selling prices and marketing strategies.
Keywords : churros spinach, modification, spinach, frozen foo
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