262 research outputs found
Zika virus epidemic
No full textZika virus is endemic in several parts of the world. February 1, 2016 Zika virus was declared a public health emergency by the WHO. This declaration is mainly due to a convincing association between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and birth defects, like microcephaly, among some of the newborns. Imported cases of Zika virus infection to North America, Europe and Denmark have been described. The infection in itself is mild and self-limiting. The available diagnostic methods are under development, validation and evaluation. In Denmark, some promising diagnostics are available at Statens Serum Institut.</p
Zika virus epidemic
No full textZika virus epidemicZika virus is endemic in several parts of the world. February 1, 2016 Zika virus was declared a public health emergency by the WHO. This declaration is mainly due to a convincing association between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and birth defects, like microcephaly, among some of the newborns. Imported cases of Zika virus infection to North America, Europe and Denmark have been described. The infection in itself is mild and self-limiting. The available diagnostic methods are under development, validation and evaluation. In Denmark, some promising diagnostics are available at Statens Serum Institut.Zika virus is endemic in several parts of the world. February 1, 2016 Zika virus was declared a public health emergency by the WHO. This declaration is mainly due to a convincing association between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and birth defects, like microcephaly, among some of the newborns. Imported cases of Zika virus infection to North America, Europe and Denmark have been described. The infection in itself is mild and self-limiting. The available diagnostic methods are under development, validation and evaluation. In Denmark, some promising diagnostics are available at Statens Serum Institut.</p
Mannose-binding lectin genotype as a risk factor for invasive pneumococcal infection
No full textAbstract not availabl
Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Is there evidence for its use?]
No full textBakteriel infektion er en hyppig komplikation hos patienter med levercirrose. En særlig udsat gruppe er patienter, der både har levercirrose og øvre gastrointestinal blødning. Studier har vist, at op til 66% bliver bakterielt inficerede inden for en 14-dages-periode efter blødning. Der er ligeledes påvist en sammenhæng mellem tilstedeværelsen af bakteriel infektion, tidlig død og manglende blødningskontrol. Derfor synes antibiotikaprofylakse, at være en oplagt mulighed for denne patientgruppe. I en litteraturgennemgang findes ni studier, hvori man sammenligner antibiotikaprofylakse med ingen behandling eller placebo. Alle viser et fald i mortalitet i den aktivt behandlede gruppe, dog intet statistisk signifikant fald. Der er to metaanalyser, som underbygger den sete tendens. I dem begge finder man en statistisk signifikant reduktion i mortaliteten i gruppen, der modtager antibiotikaprofylakse. Konklusionen er, at der er belæg for at give antibiotikaprofylakse til patientgruppen, uden at dette medfører store økologiske problemer. </p
Indirect tuberculosis diagnostics. Has the Mantoux test got a successor?
No full textUdgivelsesdato: 2009-Se
Acanthamoeba keratitis in a non-contact lens wearer with human immunodeficiency virus.
No full textAcanthamoeba keratitis is potentially blinding and often associated with contact lens wearing. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient, a non-contact lens wearer, presented with keratitis. She experienced a protracted course of disease, characterized by exacerbations and remissions, and was treated with various topical antibiotics and steroids. 13 months after symptom onset the eye was removed owing to serious scarring of cornea and unbearable pain. Microbiological and histopathological examination of the cornea showed Acanthamoeba. In non-contact lens wearers suffering from Acanthamoeba keratitis the diagnosis is delayed, pathognomonic features are often not seen and visual outcome is usually poor. There is no known relation between HIV infection and Acanthamoeba keratitis
Effect of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on the response of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and FFAs to low-dose endotoxemia in humans
No full textEffect of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on the response of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and FFAs to low-dose endotoxemia in humans.Krogh-Madsen R, Moller K, Dela F, Kronborg G, Jauffred S, Pedersen BK. Professor of Internal Medicine, Dept. of Infectious Diseases 7641, Univ. Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [email protected] therapy to maintain euglycemia increases survival in critically ill patients. To explore possible mechanisms of action, we investigated the effect of endotoxin on circulating cytokines, free fatty acids (FFA), and leukocytes during manipulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Ten volunteers underwent three trials each, receiving an intravenous bolus of endotoxin (0.2 ng/kg) during normoglycemia (trial A, control), during a hyperglycemic clamp at 15 mM (trial B), and during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (trial C). Endotoxin induced an increase in neutrophil count, a decrease in lymphocyte count, and an increase in serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and FFA. There was no difference in the TNF response between the three trials; the IL-6 levels were increased during the late phase of trials B and C compared with trial A. The endotoxin-induced elevation in FFA in trial A was suppressed during trials B and C. Clamping (trials B and C) caused a reduction in lymphocyte count that persisted after endotoxin injection. We conclude that low-dose endotoxemia triggers a subclinical inflammatory response and an elevation in FFA. The finding that high insulin serum concentrations induce a more prolonged increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and suppress the levels of FFA suggests that insulin treatment of patients with sepsis may exert beneficial effects by inducing anti-inflammation and protection against FFA toxicity, and thereby inhibit FFA-induced insulin resistance.PMID: 14722028 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE</p
Health care costs, work productivity and activity impairment in non-malignant chronic pain patients
No full textThis study explores the costs of non-malignant chronic pain in patients awaiting treatment in a multidisciplinary pain clinic in a hospital setting. Health care costs due to chronic pain are particular high during the first year after pain onset, and remain high compared with health care costs before pain onset. The majority of chronic pain patients incur the costs of alternative treatments. Chronic pain causes production losses at work, as well as impairment of non-work activities
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