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Food waste to bio-energy through anaerobic digestion under different management scenarios
Full text linkThe problem of food waste management is currently on an increase, regarding all steps from collection to disposal.
Discharge of food materials occurs along the entire Food Supply Chain and it produces an impact at an environmental, social, and economical level.
The interconnection of biotechnological processes in the co-production of bio-fuels and bio-products represents a key strategy aimed at maximising the utilisation of food waste and raising the potential income of the entire bioprocess chain. Therefore, when considering properly segregated food waste streams, both from decentralized and not-decentralized realities, these become sustainable non-virgin feedstock
Removal of ammonia using Ca-P (calcium polymer) from wastewaters produced in the recycling of disposable diapers
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BIOLOGICAL METABOLITES RECOVERY FROM BEVERAGE PRODUCTION SOLID RESIDUES THROUGH ACIDOGENIC FERMENTATION
Full text linkAcidogenic fermentation was applied to evaluate the potential recovery of biological monomers as precursors in bio-plastic production. Three residual organic substrates from high-volume beverage sectors (coffee, orange juice, beer) were assessed: spent coffee grounds (SCG), orange peels (OP), and brewers’ spent grains (BSG). Batch fermentation tests were set up. SCG and OP were studied as single substrates and combined to evaluate yields of target monomers (volatile fatty acids, ethanol, lactate) and to reveal interactions between the matrixes. NaOH pre-treatment was applied to SCG to enhance disruption of the lignocellulosic cell wall. BSG was studied without pre-treatment and following acid or alkaline pre-treatment, with acidogenic fermentation being initiated with two different initial pH values (7; 9). Acetogenic fermentation was achieved with all substrates, although with different yields of target monomers. In terms of total biological metabolite production, following alkaline pre-treatment, OP and BSG, both fermented at an initial pH 9, showed the best performance, yielding 62.6 g and 62.0 g target monomers per litre substrate. For all substrates, acetic and butyric acids were the most abundant products. In the case of OP fermentation, butyrate accounted for 57% (35.8 g/L) of the total. The BSG test with the highest total yield also achieved the highest acetate yield (36.7 g/L). The results confirm that OP and BSG should be considered a priority sustainable feedstock for the supply of biological monomers, particularly if polyhydroxyalkanoates are to be produced. SCG are better suited to aceto-oriented approaches, such as the production of polyvinyl acetat
Targeted modification of organic components of municipal solid waste by short-term pre-aeration and its enhancement on anaerobic degradation in simulated landfill bioreactors
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Bio-methane production from tomato pomace: preliminary evaluation of process intensification through ultrasound pre-treatment
No full textSpent Coffee Grounds Alkaline Pre-treatment as Biorefinery Option to Enhance their Anaerobic Digestion Yield
No full textSpent coffee grounds (SCGs) are potentially optimal substrates for methane production but the content of organic compounds refractory to anaerobic digestion reduces the yield of the process. Alkaline pre-treatment was applied to enhance the methane recovery from SCGs through anaerobic digestion. NaOH was applied with different loadings, namely 2, 4, 6, 8% w/w for 24 h, to assess the efficiency of the process and the optimal amount of the basifying solution applied. The highest concentration of NaOH (8% w/w) lead to the best anaerobic digestion performances (392 mLCH4/gVS) as a consequence of the slightly higher lignin degradation which was 24% higher than that of the untreated substrate, and of the higher dissolved organic carbon concentration
Animal waste and waste animal by-products generated along the livestock breeding and meat food chain
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