1,721,672 research outputs found
Anti-osteoporotic treatments in neurological diseases
No full textThe constant ageing of the population has resulted in an increase in chronic conditions such as osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases as well as in patient comorbidity. Prolonged immobility, the use of osteopoenia-inducing drugs and an increased risk of falls in patients with neurological diseases have led to an increase in the incidence of fragility fractures, especially of the femur, in these patients. The consequences of these events are often dramatic, being associated with increased mortality, disability and worsening of cognitive and relational functions
Potent drugs are currently available that can reduce fracture risk by up to 50% with long-term safety and tolerability. Bisphosphonates are the agents most extensively used to prevent fragility fractures. Risedronate has been demonstrated to reduce fracture risk, also in patients with neurological conditions. Considering that osteoporosis requires chronic treatment, patient compliance is extremely important to obtain treatment efficac
PREVENTING OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES WITH BISPHOSPHONATES: A REVIEW OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY
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Aspetti clinici della terapia dell'osteoporosi con ibandronato. L'ibandronato: dall'efficacia alla pratica clinica.
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Benefits of Vitamin D in Health and Diseases
Full text link: This Special Issue of Nutrients, titled "Benefits of Vitamin D in health and diseases", includes a total of twenty-five publications that consider different aspects of vitamin D, both at the cellular/preclinical and clinical levels, in neonates or children, in pregnant women, in adults and in elderly subjects [...]
Bone metabolism in primary hypercalciuria
Full text linkPrimary Hypercalciuria (PH) is very frequently accompanied by some degrees of bone demineralization. The most frequent clin- ical condition in which this association has been studied is cal- cium nephrolithiasis. In these patients bone density has been reported to be very frequently low and increased susceptibility to fragility fractures has been described. One of the most im- portant aspects is the very poor definition of this bone disease from aic point of view. At present, the mostcommon findings seem to range from those of a low bone turnover condition to an osteomalacic trait. Many factors are in- volved in the complex relationships between bone loss and PH. Since bone loss has been mainly reported in patients with fast- ing hypercalciuria, a primary alteration in bone metabolism has
been proposed as a cause of both hypercalciuria and bone
demineralization. This hypothesis has been strengthened by
the observation that some bone resorbing-cytokines, such as
IL-1, IL-6, and TNF- are elevated in hypercalciuric patients. The effect of an excessive response to the acid load induced by di- etary protein intake seems an additional factor explaining a primitive alteration of bone. The intestine plays a major role in the clinical course of bone disease in PH. Patients with absorp-tive hypercalciuria less frequently show bone disease and a re-
duction in dietary calcium greatly increases the probability of bone loss in PH subjects. It has recently been reported that greater bone loss is associated with a larger increase in intesti- nal calcium absorption in PH patients. Considering the absence of PTH alterations, it has been proposed that this is not a com- pensatory phenomenon, but probably the marker of disturbed
cell calcium transport, involving both intestinal and bone tis- sue. While renal hypercalciuria is rather uncommon, the kidney still seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of bone loss of PH patients, possibly via the effect of mild to moderate urinary phosphate loss, with secondary hypophosphatemia. In conclu- sion, bone loss is very common among PH patients. Even if most of the factors involved in this process have been identi- fied, many aspects of this intriguing clinical condition remain to be elucidate
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