118,671 research outputs found
Dataset for the paper: "Di Felice, L.J.; Ripa, M.; Giampietro, M. Deep Decarbonisation from a Biophysical Perspective: GHG Emissions of a Renewable Electricity Transformation in the EU."
No full textDataset used for the development of scenarios in the publication "Di Felice, L.J.; Ripa, M.; Giampietro, M. Deep Decarbonisation from a Biophysical Perspective: GHG Emissions of a Renewable Electricity Transformation in the EU. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3685." and used for a case study in "Di Felice L., Dunlop T., Giampietro M., Kovacic Z., Renner A., Ripa M., Velasco-Fernández R. – Report on the Quality Check of the Robustness of the Narrative behind Energy Directives. MAGIC (H2020–GA 689669) Project Deliverable 5.4, 30 November 2018". (link: https://magic-nexus.eu/documents/d54-report-narratives-behind-energy-directives).
Sources of other secondary data (from papers, reports) specified in the dataset (under tab "input codes")</p
Sitagliptin as add-on therapy in insulin deficiency: biomarkers of therapeutic efficacy respond differently in type 1 and type 2 diabetes
No full textOttavio Giampietro, Chiara Giampietro, Luca Della Bartola, Maria Chiara Masoni, Elena MatteucciDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyBackground: Sitagliptin has been proven to be effective and safe as add-on to insulin in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and absolute insulin deficiency. Recently, it has been suggested to extend the use of dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors to type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of a long-term, fixed-dose combination of sitagliptin and metformin as add-on to insulin on body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, fructosamine, HbA1c, lipids, and daily dose of insulin in both type 1 diabetes and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.Methods: We recruited 25 patients with type 1 diabetes (mean age 51 &plusmn; 10 years, mean disease duration 26 &plusmn; 13 years) and 31 insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients (mean age 66 &plusmn; 8 years, mean disease duration 19 &plusmn; 9 years), who received sitagliptin with metformin as a fixed-dose combination (50/1000 mg once or twice daily) or sitagliptin (100 mg once daily, if intolerant to metformin) in addition to ongoing insulin therapy for 46 &plusmn; 19 weeks and 56 &plusmn; 14 weeks, respectively.Results: After 21 &plusmn; 9 weeks, patients with type 1 diabetes had a significantly lower body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, fructosamine, HbA1c, and daily insulin requirement. After 49 &plusmn; 17 weeks, they maintained their weight loss and total daily insulin dose and showed a significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, whereas their HbA1c had returned to baseline values. In patients with type 2 diabetes, long-term treatment remained weight-neutral but had persistent beneficial effects on short-term, intermediate-term, and long-term biomarkers of metabolic control, as well as on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and insulin requirement.Conclusion: Clinical outcomes differed according to type of diabetes in terms of quality and over time. In type 2 diabetes, the combination therapy significantly improved metabolic control and the lipid profile, and decreased insulin requirements, even in the absence of clinically significant weight loss. In type 1 diabetes, the combined therapy only temporarily improved metabolic control, but significantly decreased body weight, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and insulin requirements.Keywords: dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors, drug therapy combination, metformin, synthetic analogs of insulin, diabetes mellitus, type 1, type
An application of MSIASM to Chinese exosomatic energy metabolism
No full textThe methodology of Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal Metabolism (MSIASM) is applied to analyze the Chinese economy. This paper presents four tasks: (i) identifying a set of benchmarks that makes it possible to compare various characteristics of the Chinese economy with those of other country groups and the world (level) average; (ii) explaining the differences over the selected set of benchmarks, by looking at the characteristics of the various sub-sectors of the Chinese economy; (iii) understanding existing trends and future feasible future development paths for China by studying the existence of reciprocal constraints between the whole economy and its sub-sectors; andChina, Energy, Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis, Societal Metabolism,
Antibiotics in septoplasty: Evidence or habit?
No full textBACKGROUND:
Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical procedures is a common practice among otorhinolaryngologists. Most American Rhinology Society members use antibiotics routinely in septoplasties, even though the need for this practice in rhinological surgery is controversial. This study was designed to assess the necessity of antibiotic prophylaxis in septoplasties in relation to surgical outcome and postoperative complications.
METHODS:
In a prospective randomized clinical trial we evaluated 630 subjects who underwent septoplasty according to the technique already described by the authors. Patients were divided into three groups: group A, no antibiotic prophylaxis; group B, antibiotics (cefazolin at 1.0 g i.v.) only at anesthetic induction; group C, antibiotics both at anesthetic induction (cefazolin at 1.0 g i.v.) and postoperatively (oral amoxicillin at 1 g every 12 hours) for 7 days. Pre- and postoperative patients' scores on the Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness (NOSE) questionnaire were compared to assess the improvement of nasal symptoms after surgery. Postoperative pain, nasal bleeding, septal hematoma/abscess, fever, and nausea/vomiting were recorded. Nasal endoscopy was performed 14 days postoperatively to quantify purulent rhinorrhea.
RESULTS:
An improvement of postoperative nasal symptoms on the NOSE questionnaire was recorded with respect to preoperative score. No significant difference was found among the groups with regard to postoperative pain, fever, nausea/vomiting, and nasal bleeding. No case of hematoma or septal abscess was noticed. No significant difference in purulent nasal discharge was found among the groups.
CONCLUSION:
Septal surgery with early removal of nasal packing is a clean-contaminated procedure and does not require routine antibiotic prophylaxis because of the low infection risk
Environmental accounting for ecosystem conservation: Linking societal and ecosystem metabolisms
No full textThis paper proposes an approach to environmental accounting useful for studying the feasibility of socio-economic systems in relation to the external constraints posed by ecological compatibility. The approach is based on a multi-scale analysis of the metabolic pattern of ecosystems and societies and it provides an integrated characterization of the resulting interaction. The text starts with a theoretical part explaining (i) the implicit epistemological revolution implied by the notion of ecosystem metabolism and the fund-flow model developed by Georgescu-Roegen applied to environmental accounting, and (ii) the potentials of this approach to create indicators to assess ecological integrity and environmental impacts. This revolution also makes it possible to carry out a multi-scale integrated assessment of ecosystem and societal metabolisms at the territorial level. In the second part, two applications of this approach using an indicator of the negentropic cost show the possibility to characterize in quantitative and qualitative terms degrees of alteration (crop cultivation, tree plantations) for different biomes (tropical and boreal forests). Also, a case study for land use scenarios has been included. The proposed approach represents an integrated multi-scale tool for the analysis of nature conservation scenarios and strategies.The notions of social and ecosystem metabolisms allow to work at different scales.
Societal metabolism depends on the metabolic patterns of ecosystems embedding them.
Flow-fund model allow to link the social and ecosystem metabolism.
Metabolic pattern is used to define benchmarks for ecosystems to assess human impacts.
Genuine impact Indicators can be produced to make diagnosis and scenarios
Nutritional status and Adiponectine plasma levels in patients affected by Anorexia Nervosa
No full textNutritional status and Adiponectine plasma
levels in patients affected by Anorexia Nervosa
C. Masoni, L. Ghiadoni, C. Scarpellini, C. Consani,
E. Matteucci & O. Giampietro
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
Background: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is prevalent in modern
societies but is not well understood yet.
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate circulating levels of
Adiponectine (Apn) and the relationship between these levels
and anthropometric and metabolic parameters.
Materials and methods: The study included 40 women, 20
with AN (BMI 15Æ7 ± 2Æ1 kg m)2, age 30Æ2 ± 10Æ5 years), 12
restricter (BMI 14Æ9 ± 1Æ6 kgm)2) and 8 binge-purge subtype (BMI
18Æ3 ± 0Æ8 kg m)2), and 20 healthy controls (BMI 22Æ06 ± 0Æ93 kg
m)2, age 32Æ4 ± 4Æ4 years). Food intake was evaluated by a 5-day
24 hour dietary recall.
Results: Apn was higher (P < 0Æ001) in AN (36Æ84 ± 13Æ12 ng
mL)1) than controls (15Æ1 ± 3Æ0 ng mL)1) and (P = 0Æ004) in restricter
(41Æ8 ± 11Æ0 ng mL)1) than in binge-purge AN subtype
(22Æ1 ± 4Æ5 ng mL)1). Apn levels were negatively related with
BMI in total population (AN + C), without significance.
Total and LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol levels
were higher (P < 0Æ05; P = 0Æ001) in AN (193Æ09 ± 39Æ86 mg
dL)1; 107Æ95 ± 27Æ75 mg dL)1) than C (166Æ09 ± 13Æ70 mg dL)1;
83Æ6 ± 15 mg dL)1), while Albumin was lower (P < 0Æ05) in
AN than C (4Æ40 ± 0Æ41 vs. 4Æ65 ± 0Æ57 g dL)1); no difference
between restricter and binge-purge subtype. Prealbumin and C
Somatomedine were similar in AN and C because of these
parameters rapidly change with changing of nutritional habits,
and the study’s patients were already included into nutritional
educational program: although their daily caloric intake was
lower than the recommended assumption levels of nutrients
(LARN, National Institute of Nutrition), the caloric division
between macronutrients was correct.
Conclusions: Increase of Apn in AN might be related to fat
mass reduction, in fact Apn progressively increase in losing
weight obese, or fat mass might exert negative feedback on Apn production, the severe emaciation in AN could inhibit
this feedback
Le norme sui reati ministeriali e il «coinvolgimento» del Parlamento in caso di archiviazione anomala
No full textIl saggio trae origine da un problema interpretativo derivante da un "vuoto" all'interno della disciplina normativa in tema di reati ministeriali. L’art. 2, comma 1, della L. n. 219/1989 prevede che, nel caso di archiviazione "anomala" per "non ministerialità" del reato, il Tribunale dei Ministri «dispone» la «trasmissione degli atti all'autorità giudiziaria competente a conoscere del diverso reato», ma non indica se lo stesso Tribunale debba informare la Camera alla quale spetta di concedere l’autorizzazione a procedere ex art. 96 Cost., come avviene nei casi di archiviazione "normale" (art. 8 della L. cost. n. 1/1989). La giurisprudenza costituzionale ha riconosciuto che la Camera competente ha un interesse costituzionalmente protetto ad essere informata (sentenza n. 241/2009). Condiviso il principio, si ritiene però che il compito di informare la Camera non spetti al Tribunale dei Ministri (organo privo di competenza in merito al procedimento), ma al giudice ordinario competente per territorio. Quanto al problema della qualificazione giuridica del reato, si sostiene che, spettando alla Camera competente l’autorizzazione a procedere nei confronti del Ministro, è la medesima Camera l’organo cui dovrebbe competere di pronunciarsi sulla "ministerialità" del reato. La pronuncia è tuttavia impugnabile dal giudice ordinario, il quale potrebbe sollevare un conflitto di attribuzioni fra poteri dello Stato davanti alla Corte costituzionale, lamentando che la Camera (o il Senato) ha qualificato erroneamente come "ministeriale" un reato "comune"
L'"imparzialità degli storici" in occasione di una biografia su Napoleone III (1858-1859).
No full textAtti del convegno tenutosi a S.Martino della Battaglia il 25.6.197
La sospensione dei processi riguardanti le alte cariche dello Stato nella l. n. 124 del 2008
No full textIl saggio analizza la legge n. 124 del 2008, che ha reintrodotto, per le alte cariche dello Stato, la garanzia della sospensione dei processi penali. Illustrati gli elementi di novità rispetto alla precedente disciplina legislativa — giudicata costituzionalmente illegittima dalla Corte costituzionale con la sentenza n. 24 del 2004 —, evidenzia come l'intervento del legislatore ordinario susciti di nuovo dubbi di legittimità costituzionale, entrando in un àmbito che dovrebbe essere riservato alle fonti costituzionali
Erythrocyte sodium-hydrogen antiport activity is not a predictor of diabetic nephropathy.
No full textErythrocyte sodium-hydrogen antiport activity was measured by Orlov's method in 36 healthy volunteers (18 with negative, 18 with positive family history of hypertension) and 52 subjects with type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: 29 patients were without known diabetic complications, 23 patients with microangiopathy (10 with diabetic retinopathy, 13 with 'incipient' diabetic nephropathy). Normotensive healthy adults had similar antiport activities independently of a positive or negative family history of hypertension (6.45 +/- 2.61 vs. 5.80 +/- 3.07 mmol/l of cells per h, respectively). Sodium-hydrogen antiport resulted 8.38 +/- 3.91 mmol/l of cells per h in the 29 uncomplicated diabetic patients, significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to healthy subjects, both without and with family hypertension. Complicated diabetics confirmed to have an exchange rate higher than healthy controls (8.18 +/- 2.50 mmol/l of cells per h, p < 0.01): patients with retinopathy showed the highest antiport activity (8.96 +/- 2.95 mmol/l of cells per h, p < 0.01), while patients with nephropathy had milder antiport overactivity (7.58 +/- 2.02 mmol/l of cells per h), not significantly different from either uncomplicated diabetics or healthy controls. Thus, an increased sodium-hydrogen exchange rate in peripheral erythrocytes does not seem to be an early indicator of diabetic nephropathy
- …
