197,855 research outputs found
Bayesian analysis of triple Langmuir probe measurements for the characterization of Hall thruster plasmas
No full textWe developed a new experimental approach to characterize the plasma behavior inside Hall thrusters. The main novelty of the developed approach regards the combination of a triple Langmuir probe, which guarantees a high flexibility, and Bayesian data analysis. The triple Langmuir probe was mounted on an articulated arm that can rapidly insert the probe inside the thruster channel, providing a clear picture of relevant plasma properties along the channel centerline, from the near plume to the near-anode region. At a given operating condition of the thruster, multiple measurements were performed, changing the arrangements of the triple probe electrodes and the applied potential differences between the electrodes. Then, in order to analyze the data gathered by the triple probe, a Bayesian integrated data analysis has been adopted. This method made it possible to combine measurements from different electrode arrangements and to improve the quality of the inferred plasma parameters. Non-uniformities of the plasma sensed by the probe electrodes were taken into account within the physical model of particle collection. In order to model the interaction of the electrodes with the plasma, a parametrization of the Laframboise sheath solution was used. The developed diagnostic system, together with the integrated data analysis, proved to be a valid approach to characterize the plasma flow in Hall thrusters, offering not only a good spatial resolution of the electron temperature, plasma density, and space potential but also a consistent estimate of the measurement accuracy
A look at the clinical, economic, and societal impact of antimicrobial resistance in 2020
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The big bucket: An IoT cloud solution for smart waste management in smart cities
No full textResearch and industries are devoting a great effort in getting cities and communities smarter, thus to improve citizens’ Quality of Life (QoL) and paying serious attention to e-government and e-inclusion processes. This is a strategic but also very complex objective that involves both governance and citizens to address many challenges. Following this line, this paper discusses the necessity for new smart waste management systems and presents a comprehensive state of the art on the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) for smart waste recycling. In particular, we present and argue the Big Bucket IoT Cloud environment, where smart dumpsters are equipped with low-cost sensors and open source easy-to-use hardware and software. Its architectural model is discussed and compared with other existing solutions in the future perspective
La collezione di ofidi ivoriani di Padre Giacomo Bardelli nella Società Missioni Africane di Feriole (PD)
Full text linkNel nostro Paese sono presenti numerosi esempi di collezioni erpetologiche poco note, non valorizzate, smembrate e/o abbandonate che a volte rischiano di andare perdute. Nel presente lavoro è stata rintracciata parte della raccolta di serpenti di Padre Bardelli, traslocata dalla sede della Società Missioni Africane di Genova a quella di Padova e soggetta a periodi alterni di valorizzazione e abbandono in cui si è avuta anche la perdita di esemplari. Gli ofidi, tutti provenienti dalla Costa d’Avorio, sono corredati di informazioni dettagliate per cui possono rappresentare importanti reperti di studio per numerose attività di ricerca
Geometry of Invariant Tori of Certain Integrable Systems with Symmetry and an Application to a Nonholonomic System
Full text linkBifibrations, in symplectic geometry called also dual pairs, play a relevant role in the theory of superintegrable Hamiltonian systems. We prove the existence of an analogous bifibrated geometry in dynamical systems with a symmetry group such that the reduced dynamics is periodic. The integrability of such systems has been proven by M. Field and J. Hermans with a reconstruction technique. We apply the result to the nonholonomic system of a ball rolling on a surface of revolution
The safety of treatment options for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections
No full textIntroduction: Acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSI) may develop in both in-patients and out-patients, possibly with a severe clinical presentation. Since most phase 3 randomized clinical trials have shown non-inferiority in efficacy across different agents, considerations regarding their different safety profiles inevitably play a crucial role in the everyday choice about which of them should be employed for the treatment of ABSSSI. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the safety profile of different treatment options for ABSSSI. Expert opinion: The spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the last decades has inevitably influenced the therapeutic approach to ABSSSI. Adequate knowledge of the peculiar toxicity profile of each drug active against MRSA is essential for guiding, monitoring and managing adverse events, in turn reducing any unfavorable impact of toxicity on patients' outcomes. In the next five years, potential toxicity will play a critical role in establishing the best available therapy for each specific patient, together with consideration regarding the possibility of avoiding hospitalization or allowing a switch from intravenous to oral therapy and early discharge
A look at clinical trial design for new antimicrobials for the adult population
No full textIntroduction: Antimicrobial resistance poses a substantial threat to global public health since it decreases the probability of effectively treating an infection and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of classical and novel trial designs for evaluating novel antibiotics for infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). An inductive literature search was performed using different keywords pertinent to the reviewed topics. Expert opinion: The need for active, effective compounds has strengthened regulatory, academic, and industry cooperation, leading to the recent approval of some novel anti-MDRO agents, with other promising compounds being also in the late phase of clinical development. Nonetheless, some important issues regarding the design of clinical trials have gained importance that are peculiar for novel anti-MDRO agents and should be addressed for continuing to guarantee the availability of effective treatments in the future. Very importantly, concerted cooperation with regulatory agencies will always be needed for continuously discussing and refining the acceptable level of evidence to be pursued through non-conventional and/or innovative trial designs or development strategies. Failure to do so would seriously pose the risk of perpetuating the unmet need for effective anti-MDRO agents
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