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ADULT ATTACHMENT STYLE AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME
No full textPERSONALITY AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN FIBROMYALGIA: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
No full textAim. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Personality Disorders and Personality Organization with clinician report interviews in a group of patients with Fibromyalgia (FM), compared to patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 32 consecutive female with FM and 39 with RA were assessed by: Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO), Structured Clinical Interview of Personality Disorder (SCID-5-PD), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Visual Analogue Scale for pain (VAS), and the SF-36 questionnaire for the Health related Quality of Life.
Results. FM patients reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms (p=.012) and difficulty in identifying emotions (p=.021) compared to RA patients, and lower scores for quality of life in both the physical and mental components of the SF-36 (p<.05). Regarding the personality organization, FM patients reported higher score in the identity diffusion, object relations, primitive defense and coping style subscales of the STIPO compared to RA patients (p<.001), suggesting a higher prevalence of borderline level of personality organization in FM patients. The SCID-PD showed that FM patients had a higher prevalence of personality disorders compared to RA patients (p = .001), with 35.5% of FM vs. 5.1% of RA patients showing a personality disorder. Conclusion. The present study revealed a higher prevalence of personality disorders and a more pathological level of personality organization in FM patients compared to RA patients. What is more, FM patients showed higher depressive symptoms and alexithymia, and a lower quality of life than RA patients. Further studies would be needed to better evaluate the impact of personality disorders and pathological levels of personality organization on quality of life in chronic pain patients
Cognitive, behavioral, and psychological manifestations of COVID-19 in post-acute rehabilitation setting: preliminary data of an observational study
Full text linkPsychological, emotional, and behavioral domains could be altered in COVID-19 patients and measurement of variables within these domains seems to be mandatory. Neuropsychological assessment could detect possible cognitive impairment caused by COVID-19 and the choice of appropriate tools is an important question. Aim of this exploratory study was to verify the effectiveness of an assessment model for patients with COVID-19. Twelve patients were enrolled and tested with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Anxiety and Depression Short Scale (AD-R), and the Neuropsychiatry Inventory (NPI), at the time of their entrance (T0) and discharge (T1) from a rehabilitative unit. Moreover, a follow-up evaluation after 3 months (T2) has been conducted on eight patients. Results showed that at baseline (T0), 58.3% of the patients reported a score below cut-off at MMSE and 50% at MoCA. Although a significant amelioration was found only in NPI scores, a qualitative improvement has been detected at all tests, except for MoCA scores, in the T0-T1 trend analysis. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant variation in AD-R depression score, considering the three-assessment time (T0, T1, and T2). The evaluation and tracking over time of the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive, psychological, and behavioral domains has relevant implications for rehabilitation and long-term assistance needs planning. The choice of assessment tools should consider patients vulnerability and match the best compromise among briefness, sensitivity, and specificity
Emotional competencies and psychological distress: Is loneliness a mediating factor?
Full text linkEmotional competencies, such as emotion regulation and empathy, are essential for social interaction. Impairment of these skills has been associated with increased rates of anxiety/depressive symptoms and loneliness, which has been defined as the discrepancy between the desired and actual quality and quantity of social relationships a person maintains. The aim of the present study was to shed light on the associations between these constructs and to examine the possible mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between emotional competencies and anxiety/depressive symptoms in a sample of non-clinical individuals. A total of 298 participants were recruited for this study and were asked to complete a series of measures assessing difficulties in emotion regulation, empathy, loneliness, and anxiety/depressive symptoms. Regression and mediation models were tested to analyze the associations between these variables. Results showed that reduced emotional competencies in emotion regulation and empathy were both directly and indirectly associated with increased anxiety/depressive symptoms and emotional loneliness, which in turn was related to higher levels of psychological distress (with a partial mediation of loneliness). Overall, the present findings seem to indicate that emotional competencies play a key role in the experience of loneliness and psychological distress. Therefore, individuals reporting high levels of loneliness in combination with anxious/depressive symptoms should receive appropriate assessment and treatment of emotion regulation and empathic skills
STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS AND PSYCHOSOMATIC SYMPTOMS IN FIBROMYALGIA: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Full text linkSelf-Transcendence: Association with Spirituality in an Italian Sample of Terminal Cancer Patients
Full text linkTerminally ill cancer patients often experience demoralization and loss of dignity, which undermines their spiritual wellbeing, which could, however, be supported by the presence of other factors such as self-transcendence and religious coping strategies. To assess self-transcendence and religious coping strategies and how they influence spirituality, we studied 141 end-stage cancer patients (64.3% male; mean age 68.6 & PLUSMN; 14.6) with a Karnofsky Performance Status & LE; 50 and a life expectancy & LE; 4 months using the Self-Transcendence Scale, the Demoralization Scale, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Wellbeing (FACIT-Sp-12), the Brief Religious COPE, and the Patient Dignity Inventory. To understand the effects of these variables on spirituality, hierarchical multiple regression was performed on FACIT-Sp-12. The final model predicted 67% of the variance in spiritual wellbeing. Demoralization was the strongest influencing factor (& beta; = -0.727, p < 0.001), followed by self-transcendence (& beta; = 0.256, p < 0.001), and positive religious coping (& beta; = 0.148, p < 0.05). This study suggests that self-transcendence and positive religious coping may be protective factors for spirituality in terminal cancer patients. These factors should be considered in treatment to promote spiritual wellbeing and improve patients' quality of life at the end of life
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