13,173 research outputs found
A Tailored Thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA/Emulsomes Composite for Enhanced Oxcarbazepine Brain Delivery via the Nasal Route
No full textThe use of nanocarrier delivery systems for direct nose to brain drug delivery shows promise for achieving increased brain drug levels as compared to simple solution systems. An example of such nanocarriers is emulsomes formed from lipid cores surrounded and stabilised by a corona of phospholipids (PC) and a coating of Tween 80, which combines the properties of both liposomes and emulsions. Oxcarbazepine (OX), an antiepileptic drug, was entrapped in emulsomes and then localized in a poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymer thermogel. The incorporation of OX emulsomes in thermogels retarded drug release and increased its residence time (MRT) in rats. The OX-emulsome and the OX-emulsome-thermogel formulations showed in vitro sustained drug release of 81.1 and 53.5%, respectively, over a period of 24 h. The pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed transport of OX to the systemic circulation after nasal administration with a higher uptake in the brain tissue in case of OX-emulsomes and highest MRT for OX-emulsomal-thermogels as compared to the IN OX-emulsomes, OX-solution and Trileptal® suspension. Histopathological examination of nasal tissues showed a mild vascular congestion and moderate inflammatory changes around congested vessels compared to saline control, but lower toxic effect than that reported in case of the drug solution
Cultural effect on electronic consumer behaviour: the effect of uncertainty avoidance on online trust for the Egyptian Internet users
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The ubiquitous nature of e-commerce demands an innovative conceptualization of
consumer behaviour that responds to various cultural preferences. Culture has been
identified as an underlying determinant of consumer behaviour, and this extends to ecommerce.
This research investigates this phenomenon for the Egyptian consumer.
This research designed a plausible, integrated framework for investigating the target
phenomenon, especially for un-explored cultures. To help to identify salient components
of the phenomenon, a three-study exploratory phase, that included: interviews, a survey,
and card sorting sessions, was undertaken. The exploratory results highlighted the roles
of trust, uncertainty avoidance, Internet store familiarity, and reputation as the main
salient factors affecting the perception of the targeted group toward e-commerce. The
research hypotheses were then developed based on the exploratory results. Finally, a
model testing phase to empirically assess the research hypotheses through a laboratory
experiential survey with 370 Egyptian Internet users was undertaken.
The experiential survey results support the significant role of the Internet store’s
perceived familiarity and reputation as the main antecedents of online trust. The
relationship between trust and its two antecedents are found to be culturally sensitive; the
high uncertainty avoidance of the consumer is found to be associated with a stronger
effect of the store’s reputation on trust, and a stronger effect of store’s familiarity on
trust. The research also highlights the significant effect of trust on the attitude towards
and the willingness to buy from an e-commerce site.
This research, by providing an understanding of the cultural drivers of e-commerce,
contributes to building a theory of consumer’s cultural trust within an Internet store
context. The research reports on the development of an integrated cultural trust model
that highlights recommendations for expanding the adoption of e-commerce. The
systematic research framework, introduced by this research, can be a robust starting point
for further related work in this area
National culture and on-line trust: a study of internet Egyptian users
No full textThis research-in-progress investigates cultural issues in e-commerce trust. An experiential survey was conducted with three hundred and seventy Egyptian Internet users, exploring two book-seller web sites. Structure equation modeling analysis suggested that, for the target sample, perceived reputation and perceived familiarity with an Internet store have significant effect on building trust for that store. The paper discusses the importance of these two factors within the Egyptian culture
Metodologija in modeliranje empiričnega določanja primarne produkcije: primer nacionalnega parka Doñana
No full textMultiple international agreements have emphasised the use of monitoring activities in ecosystems for better conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of natural resources. Even though the monitoring activities have improved with Earth Observation products, there is still a lack of understanding and research in monitoring ecosystem functions. Primary Productivity (PP) is a process that supports most of the ecosystem functions, and its estimations is a step forward for a better understanding and monitoring of this component of biodiversity. This thesis proposes a workflow and a programming tool to produce empirical models of primary productivity and map Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) in ecosystems at a local scale with high-resolution data. The workflow follows previous research on remote sensing techniques for primary productivity modelling. Specifically, the empirical method described by Cai et al. (2021) is implemented to derive GPP empirical models. A methodology is proposed to upscale the model and compute annual GPP predictions. The annual GPP predictions are finally used to approximate the annual NPP with the Carbon Use Efficiency (CUE) conceptual parameter of the ecosystems reported in previous research. The workflow is applied in a wetland ecosystem in Doñana National Park. Data scarcity in the study area limited the application of the workflow. From the original workflow targets, only a GPP model could be formulated for an 8- month period. The model predicted GPP with high performance deriving MAE = 0.52 gC m-2 day-1, RMSE = 0.63 gC m-2 day-1 and R2 = 0.93. The average 8-month GPP in the monitored ecosystem was estimated at 770.20 gC m-2. The research insights are relevant for future research on monitoring primary productivity in wetland ecosystems with empirical approaches. Especially, the use of the Red-edge Chlorophyll Index formulated with high spectral and high spatial resolution Sentinel-2 data is highlighted for further research on remote sensing modelling of primary productivity.Številne mednarodne zaveze so poudarile pomembnost spremljanja ekoloških razmer različnih ekosistemov z namenom izboljšanja biodiverzitete in trajnostne rabe naravnih virov. Kljub temu, da so se metodologije opazovanja izboljšale, je še vedno precej neznank povezanih z opazovanji in razumevanjem ekosistemskih storitev. Primarna produkcija (PP) je proces, ki podpira večino ekosistemskih storitev, in ocena primarne produkcije je korak k izboljšanju biodiverzitete. V nalogi je predstavljen razvoj metodologije in modeliranje empiričnega modela za primerno produkcijo in karte t.i. bruto primerna produkcije (GPP) in neto primarne produkcije (NPP) v ekosistemih na lokalnem nivoju. Metodologija temelji na zadnjih dognanjih s področja daljinskega zaznavanja. Empirična metoda, ki so jo opisali Cai et al. (2021) je uporabljena kot osnova za določitev GPP modela. Predstavljena je metodologija za izračun letnih vrednosti GPP na večjem območju. Letne vrednosti GPP so uporabljene za oceno NPP vrednosti z upoštevanjem učinkovitosti ogljika (CUE), ki je bil kot parameter upoštevan tudi v predhodnih raziskavah. Metodologija je testirana na primeru mokrišč v nacionalnem parku Doñana. Pokazale so se določene omejitve pri uporabi metodologije predvsem z vidika razpoložljivosti podatkov. Določen je bil GPP za 8-mesečno obdobje. Učinkovitost modela je bila visoka z MAE = 0,52 gC m-2 dan-1, RMSE = 0,63 gC m-2 dan-1 in R2 = 0,93. Povprečen 8-mesečni GPP je bil ocenjen na 770,20 gC m-2. Zaključki raziskave so pomembni z vidika nadaljnjega razvoja določanja primarne produkcije v mokriščih z uporabo empiričnih metod. Posebej uporaba t.i. Red-edge indeksa v kombinaciji s podatki Sentinel-2 se je izkazala kot primerna za nadaljnjo uporabo v podobnih raziskavah
Measuring and accounting for community capabilities in Kordofan, Sudan:
No full text"Parallel to the growing attention being devoted to the relationship between empowerment and development, an increasing number of tools are being developed to measure empowerment and determine the link between these two phenomena. This paper details the methodological processes used to construct, test and possibly refine one such instrument, the Community Capability Index, an innovative tool to measure community capabilities in the domain of natural resource governance. Empirical reference is made to research conducted in 85 villages in North and South Kordofan, Sudan. Following this, the paper presents findings from analyses of the determinants of community capabilities, including geographic, economic, and institutional variables. The results suggest that in Kordofan a number of factors influence capabilities. Possessing a village market, proximity to the nearest town, and access to credit are economic variables that have a significant and highly positive effect on community capabilities. Regarding the environment, capabilities are found to be greater where there is more rainfall, but access to groundwater from lower-quality aquifers and cracking clay soils have negative impacts on capabilities. War shocks, as might be expected, have a negative and significant effect. Particularly interesting is the generally weak correlation found between capabilities and wealth, along with strong correlations between institutional and social dimensions of community capabilities and participation in donor-funded projects. This combination suggests that development interventions must take into account the non-identity of poverty reduction and empowerment processes, at least when the targeted agents are communities rather than individuals or households. The findings reveal areas for further investigation into the relationship between the determinants and dimensions of capabilities, and the potential significance of the relationship for some dimensions suggests context-specific interventions to strengthen the relevant capabilities." from Authors' AbstractCapabilities, Community Capabilities Index, Empowerment, methodologies, Social capital,
Supplemental Material - Development and validation of a novel poisoning agitation-sedation score for predicting the need for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in acutely poisoned patients with disturbed consciousness
No full textSupplemental Material for Development and validation of a novel poisoning agitation-sedation score for predicting the need for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in acutely poisoned patients with disturbed consciousness by Soha A. Abd Elghany, Heba I. Lashin, Ghada N. El-Sarnagawy, Merfat M. Oreby, and Eman Soliman in Human & Experimental Toxicology.</p
. 650 Año 13 (2014) noviembre. El Tlacuache
No full text- Celebrando 15 años de ser Patrimonio de la Humanidad por Arqlgo. José Cuauhtli A. Medina Romero y LDG. Joanna Morayta Konieczna. - Humboldt y Xochicalco, apuntes sobre su relación por Eduardo Corona-M. - Monumento de Xochicalco por Alejandro de Humboldt. - Reconocimiento al Mérito Estatal de Investigación 2014 por Equipo Editorial del Suplemento Cultural “El Tlacuache”
El Tlacuache Núm. 232 (2006). 232 Año 7 (2006) octubre. El Tlacuache
No full textLa muerte en la época prehispánica por Elsa M. Rodríguez M. - Hablando de “los muertos” por Guadalupe Calzada G. - Chamilpa y Ocotepec: dos ventanas a la tradición de “Día de muertos” en Morelos por Lizandra Salazar Goroztieta. - El Yauhtli por Margarita Avilés y Macrina Fuentes
An Elucidation of Contemporary Brain Targeting Tactics Employed in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
No full textNeurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), a global growing concern, are posing significant social and economic challenges, making the efficient delivery of medications to the brain a pressing demand. Over the past decade, several strategies have been developed to facilitate brain targeting, with the aim of circumventing the formidable obstacle presented by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These tactics encompass both non-invasive and invasive approaches, with the utilization of nanocarriers being increasingly prevalent due to the various advantages they offer. Likewise, the intranasal (IN) delivery of drugs is considered one of the most practical non-invasive techniques that can bypass the BBB, mitigating systemic adverse effects and reducing administered doses, in addition to, the added pros of greater bioavailability, and enhanced cerebral exposure at comparable oral doses. This review aims to elucidate recent approaches employed in the delivery of therapeutics to the brain, with a thorough emphasis on the IN route for targeted drug delivery
El Tlacuache Núm. 35 (2002). 35 Año 2 (2002) marzo. El Tlacuache
No full text- Un nuevo modo de viajar, mirar y valorar: Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, el ferrocarril y los indígenas en Morelos por Ricardo Melgar. - Nuestro patrimonio desconocido por Teresita Loera y Anaite Monterforte. - El Yauhtli por Margarita Avilés y Macrina Fuentes. - Trabajo de los metales por Alma Graciela de la Cruz S. - Caminando hacia una ley de los pueblos y la cultura indígena por Miguel Morayta M
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