38 research outputs found
The Atrocity of Representing Atrocity Watching Kevin Carter's Struggling Girl
No full textTaking Kevin Carter's famous photograph of a Sudanese 'Struggling Girl' as an example, this article shows by criticizing the work of photography scholar Ariella Azoulay who argues for an ethic, reparative spectatorship that focuses on the social encounters behind the photograph, how discussions about atrocity photography often result in moral debates: discussions that center around the social relations behind photography and blame the photographer, but do not take into account and criticize the photographic representation of the atrocity. By giving an overview of the afterlife of Carter's photograph, the articles shows how such a 'social' focus on photography, easily reaffirms the social inequalities that lies within the practices of atrocity photography
Palaemnema lorae Jocque & Garrison 2022, n. sp.
No full text8. Palaemnema lorae Jocque & Garrison, n. sp. Figs. 2–4, 6–10 Holotype ♂: HONDURAS: Cortés Dept., CNP, Cantiles, Trail 5, small river close to camp, N15.513457 W88.241681; 1846m, 23 June 2012 collected by Merlijn Jocque, field code: BINCO _HON_12_047 (RBINS). Paratypes: same data but: 20 June 2013, 1♂; same data but: 4 August 2013, 1♂; same data but: 30 July 2015, 1♂; same data but: 9 June 2017, 1♂; Cortecito camp, N15.521825 W88.288277, 1363m, 29 June 2011, collected by Merlijn Jocque, 1♂; field codes: BINCO _HON_11_029, BINCO _HON_13_038-039, BINCO _HON_15_051, BINCO _HON_17_007 (RWG); El Danto camp, Tr 4, CNP, Honduras, N15.53593 W88.2854, 1481m, 28 June 2014, collected by Merlijn Jocque, 2♂♂; field codes: BINCO _HON_14_091-092 (MJ). Etymology: Named lorae (Latinized name) after Lore Geeraert, friend of the senior author who contributed to the study of dragonflies in CNP and in honor of her love for all living things and the rainforest. Description of holotype (colors not well preserved, Fig. 2) Head: labium ivory white with tips of median and lateral lobes and movable hook becoming black; maxilla palp ivory white, maxillary palps black; labrum pale margined apically in black; genae, clypeus and base of mandibles pale; antefrons pale, postfrons pale margined basally with black; remainder of head black with metallic reflections and with an obscure brown spot laterad to lateral ocellus; rear of head entirely black; transverse occipital carina present but poorly developed, its lateral extremity not angular or pronounced but merging with remainder of occipital lobe. Thorax. Prothorax black dorsally, lateral portion of middle lobe pale; propleuron black; most of mesepisterum including dorsal carina black, merging above with black on mesepisternum, pale antehumeral stripe narrow, enlarged basally and narrowing dorsally and ending before antealar sinus; posterior half of mesepimeron and anterior half of metepisternum pale; broad black metepleural stripe present, its posterior margin of varied outline, an obscure pale spot just below antealar carina and anterior to obsolete mesopleural suture (Figs. 2, 6), venter of thorax ivory; coxae and trochanters ivory (possibly blue in life); femora pale but darkened apically, protibia largely black; meso- and metatibiae mostly pale with obscure dark areas along margins; tarsi and armature black. Wings hyaline, venation (Fig. 8, paratype) black; pterostigma elongate, rhomboid, brown, surmounting 1 ¾ cells in all wings; Px Fw: 19/20, Hw 18/17; RP 2 at Fw 8/8, Hw: 7/7; IR 1 at Fw 10/9, Hw 9/9; MP ending at level origin of IR 1 in Fw, 2.5 cells distal to origin of IR 1 in Hw. Abdomen including appendages black except for obscure lateral basal rings on S4–7 (Figs. 2–4). Genital ligula (Fig. 9) of type B of Calvert (1931). Cercus (Fig. 9) semicircular armed above with a small dorsal tooth at 0.5 of appendage length, apex of cercus entire; paraproct semicircular, about ¾ length of cercus, the distal 0.50 laminar, concave medially, its tip ending in a simple medially directed unmodified spine. Dimensions: Hw 33, abdomen 48, total length 57. Variation in paratypes: Extent of black on mesepimeron varies with two males with entire mesepimeron black (Fig. 7). Px Fw: 20–21; Hw: 18–20; RP 2 at Fw 6–8, Hw: 7; IR 1 at Fw 9–11, Hw 8–9; Hw: 32–35; Abdomen:48– 51. Diagnosis: A large species (56–60mm) with pale colors most likely blue in life (Fig. 3) with tip of paraproct ending in a simple acute tip (Fig. 9). Male of P. lorae is larger than any known congener with the exception of P. gigantula Calvert, 1931. However, in the latter species the wings are comparatively shorter with the Hw extending about midway to S5 (Fig. 5) compared to about midway to S 6 in P. lorae (Fig. 2). S8–10 are primarily blue in P. gigantula but entirely black in P. lorae. Male of P. lorae keys in Calvert (1931) to couplet OO (Abdominal segment nine black) then to P. carmelita Ris, 1918 (RR. Superior appendages with apex not excised, superior tooth at 0.48– 0.53 of appendage length; basal tooth of inferiors at a most blunt or triangular tubercle; penis form B; mesepimeron and metepisternum obscure bronze violet) but differs from that species as follows: (contrasting characters for P. carmelita in parentheses): Narrow pale antehumeral stripe present (absent); tip of paraproct ending in a simple medially directed unmodified spine (ending in a spatulate tooth with a shallow apical notch, Fig. 11, enlarged and redrawn from Kennedy, 1938). All examined specimens of P. lorae were preserved in ETOH upon capture and, over time, color pattern became obscured upon drying. Some specimens (including holotype) also suffered thoracic pressure distortions resulting in buckling of the venter of the thorax. Biology: Palaemnema lorae was observed within an elevational range of 1363‒1846m along fast flowing crystal-clear forest streams. Forest was mostly lower montane rain forest. Damselflies were observed moving around during brief moments of sunshine penetrating the often-cloudy environment. Otherwise, a gentle beating of the vegetation close to the river edges could trigger movement of individuals. This species is thus far known only from the type locality where it was rare.Published as part of Jocque, Merlijn & Garrison, Rosser, 2022, Dragonflies of Cusuco National Park, Honduras; checklist, new country records and the description of a new species of Palaemnema Selys, 1860 (Odonata: Platystictidae), pp. 453-476 in Zootaxa 5188 (5) on page 457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5188.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/709913
Verwarmingsenergie: Hoe groot is de invloed van bewoners?
No full textDoor de introductie van de EPC-regelgeving, de verbetering van constructiemethoden en van installatierendementen, wordt verwacht dat de verwarmingsenergie in woningen afneemt. Daardoor zou de invloed van bewonersgedrag op het energiegebruik steeds belangrijker worden. Dit artikel gaat in op de resultaten van statistische onderzoeken.OTB onderzoekOTB Research Institute for the Built Environmen
Type validation of Type4Py using Mypy
No full textResearchers at the Delft University of Technology have developed Type4Py: a tool that uses Machine Learning to predict types for Python code. These predictions can be applied by developers to their python code to increase readability and can later be tested by a type-checker for possible type-errors. If a prediction does not return a type-error that prediction is called type-correct. Type4Py has been evaluated by matching its predictions with earlier annotations, also called ground-truth, and has gotten an MRR of 71.7%. However, Type4Py’s predictions have not been evaluated on their typecorrectness. Therefore, I sought out to answer the following research question: How well does Type4Py perform when validated by the static typechecker Mypy? I answered this research question by answering two sub-questions: How many of Type4Py’s predictions are type-correct? And how many of Type4Py’s predictions are type-correct and match ground-truth? I tested a cleaned subset of the ManyTypes4Py dataset with Mypy by running a greedy strategy where I would always pick Type4Py’s prediction with the highest confidence on three different confidence thresholds: 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 and reached accuracies in terms of typecorrectness of 88%, 91% and 95% for those, respectively. For the case where Type4Py’s predictions matched ground-truth, the predictions on those same thresholds reached accuracies in terms of type-correctness of 95%, 97% and 98%. Comparing this with a similar Type predictor namely, Typilus . Type4Py’s predictions are more typecorrect with a confidence level of at most 50%.CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
The Impact of Electric Aircraft Taxiing: A Probabilistic Analysis and Fleet Assignment Optimization to find Potential Cost- and Emission Reductions
No full textOn-board electric motors can be used to drastically reduce the fuel usage during the taxiing phase of aircraft, leading to cost reductions for airlines and lower amounts of harmful emissions. This study analyses the current state of this innovation and its potential impact on aviation. On a global level, full adoption of electric aircraft taxiing is expected to cause a reduction in jet fuel usage of 846 million kg per year, equivalent to 186 million euros of reduced costs and 2.67 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. This results in a reduction of 0.3% of the total global carbon dioxide emissions of the aviation sector. Locally, airports and their surroundings will benefit significantly from the reduced emissions, because a substantial fraction of airport emissions are due to the taxiing phase. Analysis of the effect of electric aircraft taxiing to key stakeholders such as airlines shows that American airlines would reap substantially larger benefits than European competitors because of consistently higher taxi times in the United States. Low-cost carriers are expected to see smaller impact than traditional hub-and-spoke airlines, due to short taxi times in the secondary airports they predominantly fly to. KLM could save 17.3 million kg of jet fuel annually, representing a cost of 3.8 million euros, which would potentially increase profits by 3%, and a carbon dioxide emission of 55 million kg. Since the road to full adoption is still long, a strategic analysis of the fleet shows the marginal yearly cost reduction per installed electric taxiing system starts at 82 thousand euros for the first product, which reduces to 10 thousand after 100 systems have been installed. Especially the flights between Amsterdam and London, Paris and Manchester should be assigned to aircraft with electric taxiing systems, because these flights would have the most impact given their relatively low flight distance and high taxi times.Aerospace Engineerin
Towards the Visualization of the Turbulence Cascade
No full textA turbulent flow is composed of swirling eddies of many sizes. Energy, which is added to the flow at the larger scales, is transferred down through consecutively smaller eddies until the scale is small enough that viscous forces dominate, at which point the energy is dissipated. The mechanism by which energy is transferred down the scales of eddies is generally described as eddy break-up, but the process of eddies breaking into smaller eddies has never been directly observed. The objective of this research is to identify and visualize eddies and their breakage into smaller eddies in numerically simulated isotropic turbulence flows. A corre- lation vector is defined at each point in space, based upon the dot product of velocity over spatial distance. This function shows eddies as the result of correlation over the entire field for each point, in contrast to ear- lier eddy identification techniques which focus only on local properties of the flow, such as kinetic energy magnitude. The resultant correlation field shows blobs of high correlation, which can be interpreted as the kernel of a coherent structure in the flow. These kernels can be seen splitting into smaller kernels over time — an indication of the turbulent energy cascade at work. Making use of the Biot-Savart law, the veloc- ity field associated with a coherent blob of correlation is generated from the associated vorticity field. The reconstructed velocity field is vortex-like in structure, and appears to break into two separate vortices as the kernel separates into two distinct kernels, yielding a visualization of turbulent eddy dynamics in real space — the first step towards the visualization of the turbulent energy cascade.Molecular Science & Technolog
Railway delay management with offline passenger rerouting
No full textDelay Management is proven to reduce the average passenger delay. However, the current method of Delay Management either uses fast basic or slow accurate passenger rerouting. The former has a downfall in that it is inaccurate since it assumes that passengers delay is the periodicity of the train of the original transfer, while in reality, faster alternatives are often available. The latter reroutes passengers simultaneously with the delay management resulting in computation times larger than the time window of a Train Dispatcher to make a decision. This thesis proposes an alternative method of Delay Management which calculates the alternative routes before the Delay Management optimization using a modified Dijkstra algorithm. This method outperforms the fast basic approach to reducing passenger delay with a similar computation time, thereby outperforming the slow accurate approach.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Smart Diagnostics for Low Resource Settings: Target product profiles for devices to diagnose urinary schistosomiasis in Nigeria
No full textUrinary schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the Schistosoma haematobium parasite. People can get infected when they get into contact with contaminated fresh water. The disease is most prevalent amongst children, farmers and rural communities in Sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, the disease is diagnosed by microscopic egg count in laboratories. However, there are limitations to use of this method in low resource settings. At Delft University of Technology, smart diagnostics are under development that allow diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis without microscope. However, the user and diagnostic setting for these tests has not been specified yet. The goal of this project is to combine gaps in the healthcare system and the needs of stakeholders with technological possibilities into a target product profile for a diagnostic device for urinary schistosomiasis for specific use case scenarios. This project takes Nigeria as study field. There are two optical diagnostic methods under development, which combine a simple optical system with an algorithm to automatically detect S. haematobium ova in urine samples. The Schistoscope uses a reversed lens attached to a smartphone or Raspberry Pi camera to magnify and take an image of an urine sample. An algorithm localizes and classifies potential ova. The SODOS uses an optical sensor and a lens to perform a holographic analysis of urine samples. The algorithm digitally reconstructs the image, from which ova are classified. These technologies can offer the following benefits compared to microscopy; 1) Simple and user friendly; 2) Rapid; 3) Sensitive; 4) Robust and portable; 5) Affordable; 6) Data collection. An qualitative research with semi-structured interviews was conducted in Oyo State, Nigeria to explore the context and identify gaps and stakeholders for i) case management on primary healthcare level, and ii) the control & elimination program. The main problem in case management is that diagnosis is not done at primary level due to limited resources and awareness, which leads very few confirmed cases. For case management, the stakeholders are divided into healthcare enablers, formal health providers, informal health providers and healthcare receivers. The control & elimination program is divided into i) mapping of schistosomiasis prevalence and ii) mass drug administration during Deworming days. The problem in the control & elimination program is that lack of diagnosis leads to an unknown disease prevalence. As a result, there is limited government interest and funding. For the control & elimination program the stakeholders are divided into initiation, organization, mapping implementation, Deworming implementation and target populations. The benefits from technology were combined with gaps in the healthcare context into twelve opportunities for diagnostic scenarios. Three diagnostic scenarios were selected; 1) Test at PHC consult by a community health worker, which allows testing at PHC level; 2) Mapping of adult populations at risk, where adults are tested at occupational group meetings by community health worker and/or lab assistant; 3) Test as sensitization tool, where diagnosis is done by a community resource person in communities to create awareness. Insights from the research were combined into target product profiles with acceptable and ideal values for product attributes. A creative session was organized to determine the value of this specification list for product design.Integrated Product Desig
Stopping pattern and frequency optimization for multiple transport services
No full textIn my thesis, I have done research into the optimization of stopping patterns and frequencies of public transport services within a network. I have developed a model that takes both passenger and operator costs into account. The model has been run for a small fictional network and for the metro and train network of Amsterdam, to explore how the current public transport services could be improved.Civil Engineering | Transport and Plannin
Modelling Eddy Current Effects for Degaussing Systems
No full textEddy currents are currents which are induced in a conducting object by a varying magnetic field. These currents generate a magnetic field of their own. Modelling this phenomenon constitutes a diverse and challenging set of problems, for which many applications exist. One such application is the degaussing system of a naval ship. To guarantee safety on missions, a ship uses a degaussing system to reduce its magnetic signature. Being able to model the effect of eddy current fields is necessary to improve the accuracy of future degaussing systems. This thesis will examine how eddy current effects can be modeled, and how such a model can be validated. An analytical solution for a sphere is derived and investigated. A boundary element method (BEM) is implemented, which is able to numerically approximate the electromagnetic fields in terms of the modified magnetic vector potential A* and the reduced magnetic scalar potential. The approximation using the BEM is compared to the analytical solution. The BEM shows promising results, being able to model the shape of the magnetic signature of a sphere accurately. The model is also applied to more realistic geometries resembling naval ships, making it a strong candidate for further development and potential implementation in a future degaussing system
