16 research outputs found
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used against human ailments in Gubalafto District, Northern Ethiopia
No full textAbstract Background Traditional medicinal plant species documentation is very crucial in Ethiopia for biodiversity conservation, bioactive chemical extractions and indigenous knowledge retention. Having first observed the inhabitants of Gubalafto District (Northern Ethiopia), the author gathered, recorded, and documented the human traditional medicinal plant species and the associated indigenous knowledge. Methods The study was conducted from February 2013 to January 2015 and used descriptive field survey design. Eighty-four informants were selected from seven study kebeles (sub-districts) in the District through purposive, snowball, and random sampling techniques. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews, guided field walks, demonstrations, and focus group discussions with the help of guided questions. Data were organized and analyzed by descriptive statistics with SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Results A total of 135 medicinal plant species within 120 genera and 64 families were documented. Among the species, Ocimum lamiifolium and Rhamnus prinoides scored the highest informant citations and fidelity level value, respectively. In the study area, Asteraceae with 8.1% and herbs with 50.4% plant species were the most used sources for their medicinal uses. A total of 65 ailments were identified as being treated by traditional medicinal plants, among which stomachache (abdominal health problems) was frequently reported. Solanum incanum was reported for the treatment of many of the reported diseases. The leaf, fresh parts, and crushed forms of the medicinal plants were the most preferred in remedy preparations. Oral application was the highest reported administration for 110 preparations. A majority of medicinal plant species existed in the wild without any particular conservation effort. Few informants (about 5%) had only brief notes about the traditional medicinal plants. Ninety percent of the respondents have learned indigenous medicinal plants knowledge from their family members and friends secretly. Orthodox Church schools were found the main place for 65% of healer’s indigenous knowledge origin and experiences. Elders, aged between 40 and 84 years, gave detailed descriptions about traditional medicinal plants. Conclusions Traditional medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge are the main systems to maintain human health in Gubalafto District. But minimal conservation measures were recorded in the community. Thus, in-situ and ex-situ conservation practices and sustainable utilization are required in the District
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used against human ailments in Gubalafto District, Northern Ethiopia
No full textEthnobotanical Study of Traditional Medicinal Trees and Shrubs Used to Treat Human and Livestock Aliments in Metema District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
No full textIn Ethiopia, the use of traditional plant medicines has been practiced since ancient times and the bulk of the medicinal plants were collected from natural vegetations. However, the natural vegetation of the country are on the verge of disappearance due to environment degradation and overuses. To save the endangered indigenous medicinal plants, a study was carried out in Metema District with the objective of identifying and documenting trees and shrubs that have traditional medicinal values to the local people with the associated indigenous knowledge. Eight sample Kebeles were selected purposively based on vegetation and availability and access to key informants. Forty eight key informants and 80 general informants were selected purposively and randomly respectively. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi structured interview questionnaires, guided field walks, market survey, direct observation and focus group discussion. Data were verified and analyzed using informant consensus, informant consensus factor, simple preference ranking, and fidelity level. Descriptive statistics was also used. A total of 40 traditional medicinal plants which are used to treat 52 human and livestock aliments were recorded. These plants are grouped under 31 general and 23 families. Out of these families, Fabaceae is the dominant family (17.5%) followed by Combretaceae (15%). Leaves were the main plant parts used for medicinal values, and their fresh forms are the most remedy preparation conditions. Crushing and dermal route were the major remedy preparation methods and administration ways respectively. In general, Metema District is rich with trees and shrubs that are used for many health care values to the local community. So, prior conservational practices should be conducted in the area, and there must be a great consensus between the traditional knowledge and the scientific world
Woody Species Composition, Structure, and Regeneration Status of Gosh-Beret Dry Evergreen Forest Patch, South Gondar Zone, Northeast Ethiopia
No full textOwing to its variable topographic features, Ethiopia is endowed with rich biological resources. However, nowadays, these vital resources, mainly forests, are declining alarmingly, largely, due to agricultural expansion and energy consumption. This study was conducted at Gosh-Beret forest with the objective of investigating the status of forest species. Fifty-one main plots, spaced at a 100 m interval, were laid on north-south oriented transects. Within the main plots, five subplots, at each corner and center, were set to collect data for juveniles. In each plot, individuals of each woody species were identified and recorded. Percent cover abundance of each woody species per plot was genuinely estimated, which was later converted into the modified Braun–Blanquet scale. For each mature woody species, diameters at breast height (DBH ≥ 2 cm) were measured. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify community types. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index and Sorensen’s similarity coefficient were used to compare the species diversity and composition among communities, respectively. The structure and regeneration status of the forest species were analyzed using structural parameters and size-class ratios, respectively. A total of 52 woody species distributed in 35 families were recorded. Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Asteraceae were the most dominant families with 4 species each. The overall species diversity of the forest was 2.6, and five community types were generated from cluster analysis. In the study forest, frequency and density of species decrease with increasing frequency and density classes. Likewise, density of individuals in each class decreases as DBH classes increase. The total basal area of the forest was 19.81 m2ha−1, and the forest was at fair regeneration status with species having small IVI values and few/no seedlings. Therefore, immediate conservation measures are required to save species with small IVI values and few/no seedlings
Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plant Species Uses against Human Ailments in Lay Armachiho District, Northwest Ethiopia
No full textIndigenous peoples have developed their knowledge of plant use and conservation strategies. But less emphasis was given to scientific studies of them. Therefore, an ethnobotanical study on traditional medicinal plants was carried out in Lay Armachiho District to document their uses and management practices. Nine study kebeles with good vegetation cover and the number of healers were purposively selected. Eighty informants, 18 key and 72 general informants were selected purposive and stratified random sampling techniques, respectively. Ethnobotanical data were collected between February and March 2020 using semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and guided field walks with informants. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis and ethnobotanical data verification methods. A total of 78 plant species distributed in 47 families were documented. Majority of the medicinal plants (47, 60.3%) were distributed in the wild habitat and shrubs were the dominant habit (28, 35.9%). About 66 human ailments have been identified that can be treated with many medicinal plants. The most commonly used plant part was leaf (41, 35.04%), and crushing (35, 31.8%) was the main preparation method. Most medicinal plants were used in fresh form (79, 71.8%) and administered orally 52(47.17%). Allium sativum, Hagenia abyssinica, and Croton macrostachyus had high informant consensus values. Ximenia americana and Croton macrostachyus were the best-scoring multipurpose species, and Zehneria scabra was with the highest fidelity level (98%) for treating febrile ailments. Agricultural expansion (29.82%) was the most important threatening factor to medicinal plants. The study area is rich in medicinal plant diversity and has a wealth of indigenous knowledge about its uses, which calls for prudent use and appropriate conservation measures
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the environs of Tara-gedam and Amba remnant forests of Libo Kemkem District, northwest Ethiopia
No full textModeling the drying kinetics, performance evaluation, and economic analysis of rice drying using a rice husk-fueled mixed-flow dryer
No full textIn this study, performance evaluation, drying kinetics modelling and economic analysis of locally manufactured rice husk-fueled mixed-flow rice dryer were investigated. The dryer had a size of 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.64 m (width, length, and height) with a holding capacity of 30 kg in a batch. The drying air used had a volume flow rate of 0.06 m3/s, with an average drying air velocity of 0.62 m/s within the drying section. The average temperature recorded during the experiment was 49.5 ± 3.1℃ at the dryer inlet, while the ambient air temperature was 26.4 ± 0.2℃. The dryer was able to reduce the moisture content of the sample rice from 20.9 % (wet bases) to 12 % (wet bases) in 3 h and 10 min, achieving an average drying rate of 0.076 kg water per minute or 0.016 kg water per kg dry matter per minute. In order to achieve this drying rate, the average energy consumption was 37.9 MJ with an average of 54.29 % dryer efficiency. The Modified Henderson & Pabis was the best drying model to predict the drying kinetics in this study among the different thin-layer drying models. The milling quality of the dry product was assessed using the Head Rice Yield (HRY). The HRY was found to be 57.4 ± 0.62 % for long and slender Nerica-4 rice cultivars, the result was above the required customer requirement which is 55 % and more. Furthermore, the economic analysis indicated that the payback period for the developed rice husk-fueled mixed-flow dryer for drying rice was 1.4 years. The dryer, which costs 64,213ETB (approximately USD 1,230) has the potential to significantly reduce postharvest loss and enhance food security and income of smallholder farmers in rural off-grid areas
Predictors of anemia among HIV positive adults on ART at Debre Tabor General Hospital, January 1, 2015 to December 30, 2019.
No full textPredictors of anemia among HIV positive adults on ART at Debre Tabor General Hospital, January 1, 2015 to December 30, 2019.</p
Baseline clinical and treatment related characteristics of adults on HIV care.
No full textBaseline clinical and treatment related characteristics of adults on HIV care.</p
Baseline socio demographic characteristics of adults on HIV care.
No full textBaseline socio demographic characteristics of adults on HIV care.</p
