87,019 research outputs found
Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: evaluations of diagnostic methods
No full textToxoplasmosis in pregnancy is usually subclinic or associates with non specific symptoms. Diagnosis and timing of infection are usually based on serological tests. In this short review we tried to summarize the serological patterns we can encounter and to discuss the interpretation of test results
Defining Formal Explanation in Classical Logic by Substructural Derivability
No full textPrecisely framing a formal notion of explanation is a hard problem of great relevance for several areas of scientific investigation such as computer science, philosophy and mathematics. We study a notion of formal explanation according to which an explanation of a formula F must contain all and only the true formulae that concur in determining the truth of F. Even though this notion of formal explanation is defined by reference to derivability in classical logic, the relation that holds between the explained formula and the formulae explaining it has a distinct substructural flavour, due to the fact that no redundancy is admitted among the explaining formulae. We formalise this intuition and prove that this notion of formal explanation is essentially connected, in a very specific sense, to derivability in a substructural calculu
Mobile agent application fields
No full textThe paper discusses the highlights of three mobile agent application fields which are: Parallel and Distributed Computing, Data Mining and Information Retrieval, Networking. An overview of the development platforms is also discussed
Effects of periodontal disease on glycemic control, complications, and incidence of diabetes mellitus
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders with high mortality and morbidity associated with complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. The prevalence of diabetes is 9.4% in US adults, and prevalence increases markedly with age, with 1 in 4 adults aged ≥65 years affected by diabetes. The estimated number of adults with type 2 diabetes globally almost tripled between 2002 and 2017, reflecting increases seen in the USA and elsewhere. This increase raises concerns about the increased morbidity and mortality associated with the complications of diabetes, including periodontal disease and tooth loss. There is a reciprocal adverse relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, with diabetes as a major risk factor for periodontal disease, and in those patients with diabetes who also have periodontal disease then there are adverse effects on glycemic control and complications such as cardiovascular disease and end stage renal disease. In this review, those studies detailing the adverse effects of periodontal disease and diabetes will be discussed. Also, evidence is accumulating that periodontitis may play a role in increasing the incidence of new cases of type 2 diabetes, and possibly gestational diabetes. Of course, these studies need to be expanded to better understand the effects of periodontitis on diabetes glycemic control, complications, prediabetes, and the incidence of new cases. However, given the tremendous burden of diabetes on society, the dental profession should be proactive in preventing and treating periodontal disease, not only to preserve the dentition, but also to minimize the adverse effects of periodontitis on diabetes and its complications
Wireless power transfer system stability analysis for E-bikes application
No full textThe present work reports the stability analysis of an Inductive Coupled Power Transfer (ICPT) System coupled to an electrical bike. The study has focused on two coupled coils with circular geometry and vertical disposition. In the first part of the work, the theoretical aspects related to the stability of wireless power systems are handled. In the second part, performing several simulations, varying the features of the considered configuration, the stability is looked for. In order to perform this process, the Ansys Maxwell software has been used, performing 3D simulations
Classical Proofs as Parallel Programs
No full textWe introduce a first proofs-as-parallel-programs correspondence for classical logic. We define a parallel and more powerful extension of the simply typed λ-calculus corresponding to an analytic natural deduction based on the excluded middle law. The resulting functional language features a natural higher-order communication mechanism between processes, which also supports broadcasting. The normalization procedure makes use of reductions that implement novel techniques for handling and transmitting process closures
Conceptual (and hence mathematical) explanation, conceptual grounding and proof
No full textThis paper studies the notions of conceptual grounding and conceptual explanation (which includes the notion of mathematical explanation), with an aim of clarifying the links between them. On the one hand, it analyses complex examples of these two notions that bring to the fore features that are easily overlooked otherwise. On the other hand, it provides a formal framework for modeling both conceptual grounding and conceptual explanation, based on the concept of proof. Inspiration and analogies are drawn with the recent research in metaphysics on the pair metaphysical grounding–metaphysical explanation, and especially with the literature in philosophy of science on the pair causality-causal explanation
Par means parallel: multiplicative linear logic proofs as concurrent functional programs
No full textAlong the lines of Abramsky's "Proofs-as-Processes" program, we present an interpretation of multiplicative linear logic as typing system for concurrent functional programming. In particular, we study a linear multipleconclusion natural deduction system and show it is isomorphic to a simple and natural extension of γ-calculus with parallelism and communication primitives, called γ. We shall prove that γ satisfies all the desirable properties for a typed programming language: subject reduction, progress, strong normalization and confluence
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