240 research outputs found
Adolescents involved in decision-making: clinic conversations about the human papillomavirus and vaccination
No full textThoughtful and deliberate, adolescent decision-making is not well understood. For example, adolescents and parents visit with physicians for routine health care however the extent that adolescents participate has not been satisfactorily investigated. This study used surveys, conversations, and observations of healthy adolescents, parents, and physicians discussing issues of optional vaccination against human papillomavirus infections to interrogate the gap in understanding adolescent decision-making. The decision involves if and when to receive vaccination to prevent sexually transmitted infections that potentially cause adult cancers. Thus, sexual behavior and vaccination effectiveness infuse these discussions. Survey results from several hundred 11 thru 21 year-old Black, Hispanic, and White adolescents and parents showed adolescents’ older age, female gender, and suburban residence as significant predictors of vaccination acceptance; race, education, HPV knowledge, and judgments of adolescent autonomy were not. Survey conversations and observations substantiated that parents were the decision-makers. Information did not influence decisions; parents were influenced by their personal beliefs about vaccinations and sexual debut and their adolescents’ age. Adolescents indicated on their surveys that they would make vaccination decisions which contradicted their survey conversations and participant-physician encounters that showed adolescents deferring the decision to their parents. During survey conversations, when their parents were not present, adolescents posed thoughtful questions and engaged in HPV discussions. During participant-physician encounters adolescents rarely participated. Notably, if adolescents chose to speak they protested the shot and rallied to postpone it. An adolescent focused on a vaccination presents a vulnerable and asexual image. Adolescents’ participation in HPV vaccination decision-making is not determined by their decision-making competence but by their social competency. Both parents and adolescents understand the sexual subtexts looming in the background and neither want those perceptions to rise to the forefront. Reformulating the manner and content of HPV discussions may increase adolescent participation and vaccination reception.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Marla DeMesquita Wande
Advocacy for Dance/Drill Team Directors: An Inquiry of Public High School Dance/Drill Team Director Stipends
No full textMarla Moore’s research entitled “Advocacy for Dance/Drill Team Directors: An Inquiry of
Public High School Dance/Drill Team Director Stipends” investigates how Texas public high school dance/drill team directors are compensated for their work and additionally, how their compensation compares to directors and coaches of other extracurricular activities. Through correlational quantitative research, the author gathered public-facing stipend data from 447 public high schools in Texas as well as survey data from 28 current high school drill team directors. Utilizing descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, Moore analyzed the data to determine trends and correlations that existed between drill team director stipends and other extracurricular teacher stipends, and additionally analyzed data according to geographical areas of Texas, school demographics, enrollment numbers, and more. The author further placed findings in relation to discourse concerning arts advocacy, the benefits of arts education, extracurricular teacher compensation, and Texas school funding
Joe Kincheloe: Marxist Kritik and the Tender-Hearted
No full textThis piece is in memory of Joe Kincheloe. Here, Morris explores Kincheloe's tough-minded Marxism and tenderhearted kindness. The article looks at some of Joe's recent work and how he contributed to the field of curriculum studies. Morris draws on the German spelling of the word Kritik-as it is written in the work of Marx and Engels (1978)-to suggest that critical theory needs to return to its Marxist roots. Kincheloe's work is best represented by what is called critical pedagogy as he worked to undo oppression, embrace indigenous knowledges, and fight for the underdog. Morris discusses these issues in this piece. About the Author Dr. Marla Morris is Associate Professor of Education at Georgia Southern University. She is the author of Curriculum and the Holocaust: Competing Sites of Memory and Representation (2001), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates Publishers; Jewish Intellectuals and the University (2007), New York: Palgrave; and Teaching Through the Ill Body: A Spiritual and Aesthetic Approach to Pedagogy and Illness (2008), Rotterdam: Sense Publishers
A Complete Spectroscopic Survey of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1: The Darkest Galaxy
No full textSpectroscopic study of the Segue 1 dwarf galaxy. --author-supplied descriptio
Segue 3: An Old, Extremely Low Luminosity Star Cluster in the Milky Way\u27s Halo
No full textAn imaging and spectroscopic study of the least luminous star cluster known. --author-supplied descriptio
PORTRAIT OF A DARK HORSE: A PHOTOMETRIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE ULTRA-FAINT MILKY WAY SATELLITE PEGASUS III
No full textNational Science Foundation (U.S.) (AST-1255160
Willman 1-A Probably Dwarf Galaxy with an Irregular Kinematic Distribution
No full textA chemo-dynamical study of the Willman 1 galaxy, showing for the first time that it is a galaxy because of a spread in iron abundance among its stars. --author-supplied descriptio
The Kinematics of the Ultra-faint Milky Way Satellites: Solving the Missing Satellite Problem
No full textWe present Keck DEIMOS spectroscopy of stars in eight of the newly discovered ultra-faint dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way. We measure the velocity dispersions of Canes Venatici I, Canes Venatici II, Coma Berenices, Hercules, Leo IV, Leo T, Ursa Major I, and Ursa Major II from the velocities of 18-214 stars in each galaxy and find dispersions ranging from 3.3 to 7.6 km s^(-1). The six galaxies with absolute magnitudes M_V < -4 are highly dark matter dominated, with mass-to-light ratios approaching 1000 M_☉/L_(☉,V). For the fainter galaxies we find tentative evidence for tidal disruption. The measured velocity dispersions of the ultra-faint dwarfs are correlated with their luminosities, indicating that a minimum mass for luminous galactic systems may not yet have been reached. We also measure the metallicities of the observed stars and find that the new dwarfs have mean metallicities of [Fe/H] = -2.0 to -2.3; these galaxies represent some of the most metal-poor stellar systems known. The six brightest of the ultra-faint dwarfs extend the luminosity-metallicity relationship followed by more luminous dwarfs by a factor of ~30 in luminosity. We detect metallicity spreads of up to 0.5 dex in several objects, suggesting multiple star formation epochs. UMa II and Com, despite their exceptionally low luminosities, have higher metallicities that suggest they may once have been much more massive. Having established the masses of the ultra-faint dwarfs, we re-examine the missing satellite problem. After correcting for the sky coverage of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find that the ultra-faint dwarfs substantially alleviate the discrepancy between the predicted and observed numbers of satellites around the Milky Way, but there are still a factor of ~4 too few dwarf galaxies over a significant range of masses. We show that if galaxy formation in low-mass dark matter halos is strongly suppressed after reionization, the simulated circular velocity function of CDM subhalos can be brought into approximate agreement with the observed circular velocity function of Milky Way satellite galaxies
Recommended from our members
Simulations of Local Group Galactic Interactions
No full textAs the nearest galactic laboratory available for study, the Local Group harbors the faintest and most dark-matter dominated known galaxies. The sample of observed dwarf satellites surrounding the Milky Way and Andromeda is continually growing, and so is the list of diverse detected substructures in the outer reaches of our Galaxy's halo. Knowledge of our own cosmic backyard is especially critical to building up our understanding of the Universe at large. In this effort, simulations are our only access to the time axis, as they allow us to reconstruct past possible histories of the interplay between members of the Local Group.
In this thesis, I have developed a hybrid test particle/-body approach to modeling interactions between galaxy pairs. The method overcomes computational challenges by leveraging semianalytic speed for parameter exploration, while relying on -body simulations for followup morphological analysis.
This approach is used to model the past collision between Andromeda and M32, highlighting an inclined high impact parameter collision as a possible architect for the ring-like structure of Andromeda's disk (Chapter 2).
Inspired by recent insights about the mass of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, I have built a new model for the past orbit of Sagittarius and the resulting stellar stream (Chapter 3). The model is in good agreement with the most distant stream structure known in the Milky Way, and furthermore predicts tidal debris reaching all the way to the edge of the halo.
Using this model of the Sagittarius orbit, I place constraints on the virial mass of the Milky Way (Chapter 4).
Finally, my model data is compared with a new sample of RR Lyrae stars and used to identify a new spur of the Sagittarius stream extending 30~kpc beyond the previously detected apocenter (Chapter 5). Together these results provide a framework for reconstructing past events in the Local Group archaeological record.AstronomyGalaxies; Milky Way; Local Group; Dynamic
- …
