82 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-pev-10.1177_22840265221080107 – Supplemental material for Dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pev-10.1177_22840265221080107 for Dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Getnet Gedefaw, Adam Wondmieneh, Addisu Getie, Fikadu Waltengus, Asmamaw Demis and Chi Chiu Wang in Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders</p
The Global Cohort of Doctoral Students: Building Shared Global Health Research Capacity in High-Income and Low- and Middle-Income Countries
No full textDoctoral students in high- and low-income countries pursuing careers in global health face gaps in their training that could be readily filled through structured peer-learning activities with students based at partnering institutions in complimentary settings. We share lessons learned from the Global Cohort of Doctoral Students, a community of doctoral students based at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Haramaya University. University of Gondar, University of Botswana, and University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences. Students in the Global Cohort program engage in collaborative research, forums for constructive feedback, and professional development activities. We describe the motivation for the program, core activities, and early successes.This work was funded by the Rose Traveling Fellowship and Deborah Rose Service Learning Fellowship at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. The funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or decision to submit it for publication.Iyer, HS (corresponding author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
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Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working at higher public University student’s cafeterias and public food establishments in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textCorrection: Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working at higher public University student’s cafeterias and public food establishments in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPost-abortion family planning use, method preference, and its determinant factors in Eastern Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textAbstract Background Utilization of post-abortion family planning is very critical to reduce high levels of unintended pregnancy, which is the root cause of induced abortion. In Eastern Africa, it is estimated that as many as 95% of unintended pregnancies occurred among women who do not practice contraception at all. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess post-abortion family planning utilization and its determinant factors in Eastern Africa. Methods Published papers from Scopus, HINARI, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science electronic databases and grey literature repository were searched from database inception to January 30, 2020, with no restriction by design and date of publishing. We screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias in duplicate. Cochrane I2 statistics were used to check the heterogeneity of the studies. Publication bias was assessed by Egger and Biggs test with a funnel plot. A random-effects model was calculated to estimate the pooled prevalence of post-abortion family planning utilization. Results A total of twenty-nine cross-sectional studies with 70,037 study participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of post-abortion family planning utilization was 67.86% (95% CI 63.59–72.12). The most widely utilized post-abortion family methods were injectable 33.23% (95% CI 22.12–44.34), followed by implants 24.71% (95% CI 13.53–35.89) and oral contraceptive pills 23.42% (95% CI 19.95–26.89). Married marital status (AOR=3.20; 95% CI 2.02–5.05), multiparity (AOR=3.84; 95% CI 1.43–10.33), having a history of abortion (AOR=2.33; 95% CI 1.44–3.75), getting counselling on post-abortion family planning (AOR=4.63; 95% CI 3.27–6.56), and ever use of contraceptives (AOR=4.63; 95% CI 2.27–5.21) were factors associated with post-abortion family planning utilization in Eastern Africa. Conclusions This study revealed that the marital status of the women, multiparity, having a history of abortion, getting counselling on post-abortion family planning, and ever used contraceptives were found to be significantly associated with post-abortion family planning utilization
Improving Medium- and Long-Range Hydrological Forecasts with Ensemble Meteorological Forecasts and Climatic Information
No full textTitle: Improving Medium- and Long-Range Hydrological Forecasts with Ensemble Meteorological Forecasts and Climatic Information, Author: Getnet Y. Muluye, Location: MillsThe ability to provide reliable and accurate medium- and long-range hydrological
forecasts is fundamental for the effective operation and management of water resources
systems. The principal objectives of this thesis are (i) to develop a framework for
advancing the long-range forecasting skills of hydrological models by coupling pertinent
and leading climate information with regional hydro-meteorological variables; and (ii) to
develop effective mechanisms for integrating meteorological ensemble systems in a
hydrologic prediction system, which would be useful for risk analysis by policy makers
for operating both large-scale as well as small-scale water resources systems. This
research constitutes three principal components: long-range forecasts, downscaling, and
medium-range forecasts. For long-range hydrological forecasting, four data-driven models, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), time-lagged feedforward network (TLFN), Bayesian neural network (BNN) and recurrent multilayer perceptron (RMLP) were designed by
incorporating low-frequency climatic indices to forecast seasonal reservoir inflows. The
results indicated that the incorporation of modes of climatic indices in a hydrologic
forecasting model resulted in a considerable improvement in the seasonal forecast
accuracy. Furthermore, the extended Kalman filter approach was used to train the
recurrent multilayer perceptron for capturing the complexity associated with the long range
streamflow forecasting. Results showed that the proposed methodology was able to
provide a robust modeling framework capable of capturing the complex dynamics of the
hydrologic system. Different statistical methods were developed and evaluated for downscaling local scale information of precipitation and temperature from the numerical weather prediction model output. Three different methods were considered: (i) hybrids; (ii) neural networks; and (iii) nearest neighbor-based approaches. The findings revealed that the skills in the downscaled temperature forecasts were superior to those in the downscaled precipitation forecasts. In particular, for downscaling daily precipitation, the artificial neural network-logistic regression (ANN-Logst), partial least squares (PLS) regression and recurrent
multilayer perceptron trained with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) models yielded
greater skill values, and the conditional resampling method (SDSM) and K-nearest
neighbor (KNN) based models showed potential for characterizing the variability in daily
precipitation. For the case of medium-range hydrological forecasting, the downscaled and the raw numerical model outputs were forced into an HBV hydrologic model in order to
generate an ensemble of reservoir inflows. The simulation results indicated that the
downscaled-based flows had greater skill values, and yielded more accurate forecasts
than the raw-based flows. The potential economic values of flow forecasts were further
assessed based on a simple optimal decision-making, cost-loss analysis technique. The
principal outcomes emerging from the analyses included: (i) the economic benefits
associated with probabilistic flow forecasts were more useful than their deterministic
counterparts; and (ii) the downscaled-based flow forecasts offered greater benefits, which
are applicable to a much wider range of users, than the raw-based flow forecasts.ThesisDoctor of Philosophy (PhD
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working at higher public University student’s cafeterias and public food establishments in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textAdditional file 1: Table S1. some common intestinal parasite among food handlers from each individual study
Prevalence of meconium stained amniotic fluid and its associated factors among women who gave birth at term in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North West Ethiopia: a facility based cross-sectional study
No full textAbstract Background Meconium stained amniotic fluid is one of the risk factors to increase the rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality both in developed and developing countries. Due to a multitude of factors associated with socioeconomic and quality of service, the ill effect of meconium stained amniotic fluid is even worse in developing countries. But very little information is known about the situation in Ethiopia, particularly the study area to design appropriate prevention strategies. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and its associated factors among women who gave birth at term in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital from March 02–May 27, 2018. A total of 495 mothers were included in the study. The study participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. A combination of chart review and interview were used to collect the data. Data entry and analysis were made by using Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS versions 23 respectively. Both descriptive & analytical statistics were computed. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05 and the strength of association was assessed by using adjusted odds ratio. Result The prevalence of meconium stained amniotic fluid was found to be 17.8%. Women whose age greater than 30 years [AOR =5.63, 95%CI =3.35–9.44], duration of labor greater than 24 h [AOR = 7.1, 95%Cl =1.67–29.68], induced labor [AOR = 2.60, 95% CI =1.39–4.87], preeclampsia [AOR = 3.45, 95%CI =1.26–9.37] and obstructed labor [AOR =5.9, 95%CI =1.29–29.68] were found to be associated with meconium stained amniotic fluid. Conclusions The prevalence of meconium stained amniotic fluid was similar as compared to the international standard. Preeclampsia, maternal age, obstructed labor, induced labor and longer duration of labor were factors associated with an increased risk for meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Thus, early detection and timely intervention are mandatory to decrease prolonged and obstructed labor
Effect of cesarean section on initiation of breast feeding: Findings from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.
No full textBackgroundEarly initiation of breast feeding has great importance for both mothers and newborns. Despite, recommendations for exclusive and early initiation of breast feeding within one hour of birth, Ethiopia reports that 58% of infants under six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Cesarean deliveries may affect timing of breastfeeding initiation, establishment of milk supply and infant breastfeeding interest compared to vaginal deliveries. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cesarean delivery on breastfeeding initiation.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 7115 study participants from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS). Both descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was employed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify anyassociations between variables. Odds ratios with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. During multivariable analysis, variables with p-value ResultsThe prevalence of late initiation of breast feeding among women with their last live birth was 25.03% (95%CI; 20.5-32.2). Significant factors associated with late initiation of breastfeeding were cesarean delivery [AOR = 4.06 (95%CI, 2.66-6.2)], primipara mother [AOR = 1.45(95%CI, 1.13-1.7)], and having an unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 1.35(95%CI, 1.1-1.65)]. Positively associated with early initiation of breastfeeding was the mother's age, for women between 20-34 years-old. This association, reported as a negative association of late initiation of breast feeding was [AOR = 0.77(95%CI, 0.61-0.98)].ConclusionCesarean delivery adversely affects the initiation of breast feeding. Cesarean delivery, unplanned pregnancy, and being primiparous, were associated with late initiation of breastfeeding. Women between the ages of 20-34 years of age had a reduced chance of late initiation of breastfeeding. Providing counseling regarding the strategy and importance of early initiation of breast feeding, could have crucial importance for the mother and her newborn
Knowledge on Palliative Care and Associated Factors among Nurses in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground. Palliative care is a multidisciplinary team-based care for patients facing life-threatening illness and their families which addresses their physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs to improve the quality of care. There is a strategy for an increase in palliative care services by integrating with the healthcare system. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to assess the overall pooled prevalence of nurses’ knowledge towards palliative care in Ethiopia. Method. PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and African Journals OnLine (AJOL) were the databases used to search for articles. Cochrane I2 statistics and Egger’s test were done to check heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. Subgroup analysis by region, study period, and sample size was done due to the presence of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was also done to detect the presence or absence of an influential study. Result. Nine studies with a total of 2709 study participants were included in the final analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of nurses’ knowledge towards palliative care was 45.57% (95% CI: 35.27–55.87). Educational status and palliative care training were significantly associated factors with the level of nurses’ knowledge towards palliative care. B.S. degree holder nurses (AOR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.50–6.02) and nurses who had palliative care training (AOR = 4.64; 95% CI: 2.37–9.08) were found to be significantly associated factors with the nurses’ level of knowledge. Conclusion. More than half of nurses had poor knowledge of palliative care. Educational status of nurses and palliative care training were significantly associated factors with the nurses’ level of knowledge about palliative care. Therefore, palliative care training and improving nurses’ careers through continuous professional development should be focused on regularly to improve nurses’ knowledge about palliative care
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