513 research outputs found
ChaWRKY40 Enhances Drought Tolerance of ‘Dawei’ Hazelnuts by Positively Regulating Proline Synthesis
No full textHazelnuts are among the most important nuts worldwide. Drought has severely restricted the development of the hazelnut industry in the wake of global warming and lack of water resources. Δ-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthase (P5CS) is closely related to drought stress as the rate-limiting enzyme of proline synthesis. WRKY40 had been proven to be an important transcription factor regulating drought tolerance in several plants. In this study, the hybrid hazelnut ‘Dawei’ exhibiting drought tolerance was used as the test material. Tests for simulated drought stress and ChaWRKY40 overexpression, and the yeast one-hybrid assay were performed. The results showed that the relative water content of leaves gradually decreased, but the proline content, electrolyte leakage, and expression of ChaWRKY40 and ChaP5CS increased with increasing PEG-6000 concentration in the leaves. A transient ChaWRKY40 overexpression trial indicated that overexpression of ChaWRKY40 improved the proline content and the transcription level of ChaP5CS. The Y1H experiment suggested that ChaWRKY40 directly binds to the W-box-acting element (W-box) on the promoter of ChaP5CS. In conclusion, ChaWRKY40 may increase the proline content by positively regulating the expression of the ChaP5CS gene, thereby improving the drought resistance of hazelnuts
Impact of Channel Thickness on the NBTI Behaviors in the Ge-OI pMOSFETs With Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/GeO<sub>x</sub> Gate Stacks
No full textThe impact of channel thickness on the negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) behaviors has been studied for the Germanium-on-Insulator (Ge-OI) pMOSFETs. It is found that the permanent and recoverable defects are generated simultaneously during the NBTI stress of Ge-OI pMOSFETs. The lower NBTI is confirmed for the Ge-OI pMOSFETs with a thinner channel, due to the reduction of the band bending of under a fixed electrical field of NBTI stress. Thus, the channel thickness scaling could be an effective method to improve the NBTI reliability for Ge-OI pMOSFETs
A Retrieving Algorithm for Unfolded Sheet Metal Parts Based on the Features Relationship
No full textImproving Audio-Visual Segmentation with Bidirectional Generation
No full textThe aim of audio-visual segmentation (AVS) is to precisely differentiate
audible objects within videos down to the pixel level. Traditional approaches
often tackle this challenge by combining information from various modalities,
where the contribution of each modality is implicitly or explicitly modeled.
Nevertheless, the interconnections between different modalities tend to be
overlooked in audio-visual modeling. In this paper, inspired by the human
ability to mentally simulate the sound of an object and its visual appearance,
we introduce a bidirectional generation framework. This framework establishes
robust correlations between an object's visual characteristics and its
associated sound, thereby enhancing the performance of AVS. To achieve this, we
employ a visual-to-audio projection component that reconstructs audio features
from object segmentation masks and minimizes reconstruction errors. Moreover,
recognizing that many sounds are linked to object movements, we introduce an
implicit volumetric motion estimation module to handle temporal dynamics that
may be challenging to capture using conventional optical flow methods. To
showcase the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct comprehensive
experiments and analyses on the widely recognized AVSBench benchmark. As a
result, we establish a new state-of-the-art performance level in the AVS
benchmark, particularly excelling in the challenging MS3 subset which involves
segmenting multiple sound sources. To facilitate reproducibility, we plan to
release both the source code and the pre-trained model.Comment: AAAI Camera Ready. Dawei Hao and Yuxin Mao contribute equality to
this paper. Yiran Zhong is the corresponding author. The code will be
released at https://github.com/OpenNLPLab/AVS-bidirectiona
An Optimization Model to Upgrade the Charging Network of Electric Vehicles
No full textThe current city charging network for electric vehicle (EV) is mainly composed of low-speed charging points. When the number of EVs increase dramatically in the future, the current charging network needs to be upgraded with more charging stations and fast-charging (FC) facilities. We build a mixed-integer programming (MIP) model to propose an upgrading scheme for a city’s public EV charging network, in which new stations can be constructed and some low-speed chargers will be upgraded to fast chargers. The model considers two charging patterns. Drivers can stay at the charging station or walk to their activity places during the charging process, which affects drivers’ satisfaction to a large extent if the waiting time or walking distance is unacceptable. Hence, our optimization model has the objective of minimizing the network upgrading cost and the drivers’ sacrifice of waiting at charging stations and walking to their activity places. In the case study, we obtain the features of the driver’s charging behavior from the analysis of Den Haag’s EV charging database and utilize these features as model inputs. The optimal solution shows that about 40% of the old charging stations are upgraded with faster chargers in the new charging network, and the network adopts more FC stations at the territory with a high vehicle density. Meanwhile, half of the drivers choose to charge at FC stations after upgrading, and every driver can find a charging position at their desirable charging time within an average walking distance of about 160m from the activity place. The new charging network has a great utilization situation during the day, and more than 65% of the charging positions are in operation at night. Through varying the budgets for network upgrading, waiting time cost and travel penalty, our model provides many different upgrading schemes for decision-makers. The solutions reveal that the travel penalty and budget have a noticeable influence on the network capacity, while the waiting time cost mainly influences the number of super-fast charging stations. If we take customer’s satisfaction level into the first place, the investor ought to provide an adequate budget for network upgrading and install a few super-fast charging stations to improve the charging speed.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
Discretionary lane-changing behavior: empirical validation for one realistic rule-based model
No full textIn this paper, we discuss the mechanisms for discretionary lane-changing behavior in traffic flow. NGSIM video data are used to check the validity of different lane-changing rules, and 373 lane changes at 4 locations in US-101 highway are analyzed. We find that the classical lane-changing rules of rule-based model cannot explain many cases in the empirical dataset. Therefore, we propose one new decision rule, comparing the position after a time horizon of several seconds without a lane-change. This rule can be described as “to have a further position within 9 seconds”. The tests on NGSIM data show that this rule can explain most (76%) of the lane-changing cases. Besides, some data when lane changes do not occur are also studied. We find that most (81%) of non-lane-changing vehicles do not fulfill the new rule. Thus, it can be considered as one sufficient and necessary condition for discretionary lane-changing.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Plannin
Asymmetric Michael addition reactions of pyrrolones with chalcones catalyzed by vicinal primary-diamine salts
No full textThe efficient asymmetric Michael addition reactions of pyrrolones with chalcones catalyzed by a simple and commercially available chiral 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-2-(N-Boc-amino) benzoic acid have been developed to provide the corresponding Michael adducts in good yields (up to 90%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 95% ee).National Natural Science Foundation of China [81673287]SCI(E)ARTICLE3924547-24550
Smart protective coatings with self‐sensing and active corrosion protection dual functionality from pH-sensitive calcium carbonate microcontainers
No full textHerein, we report the development of a self-sensing and active corrosion protection coating which incorporates pH-sensitive multilayer chitosan/alginate-covered CaCO3 microcontainers containing 1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine (APhen). The microcontainers can respond to pH variation to release APhen which serves not only as a corrosion indicator but also as an inhibitor. An epoxy coating doped with 5 wt% microcontainers exhibited improved corrosion performance and was capable of inhibiting corrosion spreading from the damaged area in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The salt spray test showed that corrosion damage can be quickly detected by the appearance of a red color within 2 min.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Arjan Mo
Long-term deterioration of lubricant-infused nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide surface immersed in NaCl solution
No full textThis study investigated the deterioration of a lubricant-infused anodic aluminium oxide surface in a 1 M NaCl solution for ∼200 days. Direct observation by cryo-SEM and quantitative analyses by UV spectroscopy and EIS revealed that the long-term deterioration of the lubricant-infused surface was divided into two stages: the surface-adhered lubricant layer gradually dissolved at a constant rate until the substrate was exposed; afterwards the lubricant infused in the nanochannels began to diffuse and was depleted after ∼200 days. The EIS results also revealed that the defects reduced the corrosion resistance of the lubricant-infused surface considerably.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Arjan Mo
- …
