177,492 research outputs found
Public Service Interpreting in Healthcare
No full textAbstract
Health care is one of the traditional areas in which public service interpreting has most developed in the wake of increasing migration flows. Although this development has not necessarily been accompanied by adequate support to professionalization processes, over the last two decades growing interest in research has highlighted the complexities triggered by interpreting in doctor-patient interaction; these include dealing with medically relevant problems which may not be easily explained and understood by doctors and patients, and working in emotionally charged situations. Specifically, the chapter illustrates the tensions that arise in rendering medical issues while at the same time managing conversational dynamics and putting patients at ease. It does so by relying on two broad categories of studies: those which focus on the perceptions of people who work in and with medical interpreting (interpreters and healthcare providers); and those which analyse recorded authentic interpreter-mediated data from an interactional perspective
Il doppiaggio: trasposizioni linguistiche e culturali
No full textParlare di doppiaggio è un po' come andare "alla ricerca del testo perduto" di quel testo fantasma che aleggia dietro il film doppiato, che avvertiamo, a volte con fastidio, ma spesso anche con ammirazione. Questo volume è un contributo a un'area della scienza della tarduzione che parte dall'ipotesi che proprio il film, nel confronto fra la versione originale e quella doppiata, possa costituire una griglia di lettura di sistemi linguistici e culturali diversi. nella prima sezione, due studiosi di cinema (G. Fink e F. la Polla) e due professionisti (O. Lionello e G. Galassi) discutono il doppiaggio sia come percorso traduttivo che come processo tecnico e metodologico. Nella seconda parte, R. Baccolini e L. gavioli presentano i primi risultati di una ricerca coordanata da R.M. Bollettieri, con l'intervento di un gruppo di studenti tarduttori/interpreti. La terza parte raccoglie i contributi di M. Pavesi, C. Taylor, M. Paolinelli e un'intervista di A. Licari a G. Galassi. Il volume è completato da un ampio repertorio bibliografico curato da R. Baccolini che traccia una prima mappa ragionata di studi sul tema
Ideally constrained Lie Algebra
No full textAbstractIn this paper we deal with graded Lie algebras L such that there exists a positive integer r such that for every positive integer i and for every homogeneous ideal I⊈Li the inclusion I⊇Li+r−1 holds. The solvable case and the r=1 case receive a special attention
Heteroclinic connections for a double-well potential with an asymptotically periodic coefficient
No full textWe prove the existence of monotone heteroclinic solutions to a scalar equation of the kind u′′=a(t)V′(u) under the following assumptions: V∈C2(R) is a non-negative double well potential which admits just one critical point between the two wells, a(t)a(t) is measurable, asymptotically periodic and such that inf_a>0, sup_a<+∞. In particular, we improve earlier results in the so called asymptotically autonomous case, when the periodic part of a, say \alpha, is constant, i.e. a(t) converges to a positive value l as |t|→+∞. Furthermore, whenever \alpha fulfils a suitable non-degeneracy condition, the solutions are shown to be infinitely many
Recent advances in the development of HIV-1 Tat-based vaccines
No full textOver the last two decades most of the efforts in HIV vaccine development have been based on the use of the HIV Env with the goal to induce sterilizing immunity. However, as a result of Env variability disappointing results have been obtained in preclinical and phase III clinical trials. Although the objective of a preventive immunity still remains a priority, secondary endpoints (e.g. block of virus replication and disease onset) are being considered at the present as more achievable end-points in HIV vaccine development. This is based on accumulating evidence indicating that low viral load correlates with maintenance of immune functions and slow progression to disease, and that cell-mediated immunity plays a major protective role in the absence of sterilizing immunity. The promising results obtained in non-human primates with a vaccine based on a native Tat protein (B-clade), which is an early regulatory protein key for HIV replication and AIDS pathogenesis, highlights the importance of targeting the virus very early after infection. In particular, the immune response against Tat appears to modify the virus-host interactions at the very beginning of infection, thus containing the depletion of critical immune cells and the progression of infection. Moreover, since Tat targets and induces maturation of dendritic cells, has immunomodulatory activities and drives Th-1 and CTL responses, immunization with Tat may drive or increase these immune responses also against other HIV antigens to support an effective, long-lasting and hopefully even sterilizing antiviral immunity. Finally, Tat B-clade is similarly recognized by sera from individuals infected by different virus clades (A, B, C, D) supporting the concept of a cross-clade vaccine. Therefore, the Tat-vaccine should contain virus replication protecting from disease progression (non-sterilizing immunity) or even favoring an abortive infection. Although only a phase III clinical trial will establish the efficacy of this vaccine strategy, the Tat-vaccine has recently entered preventive and therapeutic phase I clinical testing in Italy to establish safety (primary-end-point) and immunogenicity (secondary end-point) and phase II studies are being prepared
Ideally constrained Lie algebras
No full textIn this paper we deal with graded Lie algebras L such that there exists a positive integer r such that for every positive integer i and for every homogeneous ideal I ⊈ L i the inclusion I ⊇ L i+r-1 holds. The solvable case and the r = 1 case receive a special attention
A Viability Result in the Upper Semicontinuous Case
No full textWe prove the existence of solutions of a differentialinclusion u'\in F(t,u) in a separable Banach space X with a moving constraint D(t). F is globally measurable, weakly upper semicontinuous with respect to u and takes convex, weakly compact values. D is upper semicontinuous from the left, and, for every r>0, the sets D(t)\cap rB are compact. F and D fulfil a well-known tangential condition, which is expressed by means of the Bouligand cone
Adsorption of p-aminobenzenesulfonamide and its N1-phenyl and N1-pyridyl derivatives at the electrode-Solution interface
No full textThe adsorption of some sulfa-drugs, p-NH2ØSO2NH2, p-NH2ØSO2NHO, p-NH2ØSO2NHPy, was studied by a differential capacitance method at pH=12 at the dropping mercury electrode. The area occupied by each molecule of the N1-derivative compounds adsorbed at the mercury. electrolyte solution interface is {reversed tilde equals}80 Å2 which corresponds closely to the area expected for a molecule adsorbed flat on the electrode surface with its p-NH2Ø-S moiety. The ΔGads0(θ→0) values obtained at different potentials suggest that the adsorption process is less favoured when the potential decreases; however, the N1-pyridine derivative is always less adsorbed than the other sulfanilamides. © 1981 Elsevier Sequoia S.A
Theoretical and Electrochemical Analysis of Dissociative Electron Transfers Proceeding through Formation of Loose Radical Anion Species: Reduction of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Disulfides
No full textThe dissociative reduction of a series of symmetrical (RSSR, R ) H, Me, t-Bu, Ph) and
unsymmetrical disulfides (RSSR¢, R ) H, R¢ ) Me and R ) Ph, R¢ ) Me, t-Bu) was studied theoretically,
by MO ab initio calculations and, for five of them, also experimentally, by convolution voltammetry in N,Ndimethylformamide.
The reduction is dissociative but proceeds by a stepwise mechanism entailing the
formation of the radical anion species. The electrochemical data led to estimated large intrinsic barriers, in
agreement with an unusually large structural modification undergone by the disulfide molecules upon electron
transfer. The theoretical results refer to MP2/3-21G*//MP2/3-21G*, MP2/3-21*G*//MP2/3-21G*, CBS-4M,
and G2(MP2), the latter approach being used only for the molecules of small molecular complexity. A
loose radical-anion intermediate was localized and the dissociation pattern for the relevant bonds analyzed.
For all compounds, the best fragmentation pathway in solution is cleavage of the S-S bond. In addition,
S-S bond elongation is the major structural modification undergone by the disulfide molecule on its way
to the radical anion and eventually to the fragmentation products. The calculated energy of activation for
the initial electron transfer was estimated from the crossing of the energy profiles of the neutral molecule
and its radical anion (in the form of Morse-like potentials) as a function of the S-S bond length coordinate.
The inner intrinsic barrier obtained in this way is in good agreement with that determined by convolution
voltammetry, once the solvent effect is taken into account
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