1,720,965 research outputs found
Headache Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Their Association With Psychological, Behavioral, and Socio-Environmental Factors
No full textObjective. This cross-sectional study on a randomly drawn population sample of children and adolescents (n = 3399; aged 9 to 15) aimed at the assessment of patterns of associations between psychosocial variables and primary headache disorders like migraine (MIG) or tension-type headache. A headache-free group served as a control. Methods. Data on headache and psychological trait variables (eg, internalizing symptoms), behavioral factors (eg, physical activities), and socio-environmental factors (eg, life events) were gathered by questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with headache types (MIG, tension-type, and non-classifiable headache) as dependent variables. Results. The pattern of correlations was largely congruent between the headache disorders. Associations were closest regarding maladaptive psychological traits (in particular internalizing symptoms with an odds ratio > 4 regarding MIG) compared with socio-environmental factors and particularly the behavioral factors. Unfavorable psychological traits and socio-environmental strains demonstrated distinctly stronger associations with MIG than tension-type headache and explained more variance in the occurrence of pediatric headache disorders than parental headache. Sex-specific analyses showed similarities as well as differences regarding the correlations, and in general, the associations were stronger in girls than boys. Conclusions. A common path model as posited by several researchers in the field may explain the parallelism in biopsychosocial vulnerability regarding the different headache disorders
HEADACHE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL, BEHAVIOURAL AND SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
No full textHEADACHE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL, BEHAVIOURAL AND SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
No full textCognitive processing styles of children and adolescents with headache and back pain: a longitudinal epidemiological study
No full textBackground: Previous research has shown positive relationships between dysfunctional cognitive styles and different aspects of pain (eg, pain frequency). One goal of our longitudinal study was to investigate potential risk factors for the incidence of headache (HA) and back pain (BP). Methods: In the first wave (2003), questionnaires were sent to 6,400 children between the ages of 9 and 14 years. Those who answered in wave 1 were contacted again every year (four survey waves in total: 2003-2006). The data presented are based on the children's self-reports in the second wave (2004) and third wave (2005). Potential risk factors (dysfunctional stress coping, pain catastrophizing, anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification) were collected in wave 2. Binary logistic regression analyses - for boys and girls - were performed to assess the predictive value of the risk factors for HA and BP in wave 3. Results: In the comprehensive model, none of the examined variables predicted the incidence of HA. Anxiety sensitivity increased the risk that boys would report BP after 1 year by 50% and dysfunctional stress coping increased the risk by 40%. For girls, somatosensory amplification increased the risk of the incidence of BP 1 year later by 80%, whereas pain catastrophizing reduced the risk by 50%. Conclusion: In this incidence sample, the amount of variance explained by the psychological variables investigated was very small. Integrating this result with existing findings from - cross-sectional studies suggests that dysfunctional cognitive processing styles may develop more as a consequence or a concomitant feature of BP or HA, but play a less important role in its initial development.Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 201
Frequency and type of headache among children and adolescents - Results of an epidemiological survey
No full textThe main aim of the study, which is part of a comprehensive research project, is to examine the 6-month prevalence of headache in German children and adolescents aged 7 to 14. For this population-based survey 8800 families were randomly selected from community registries and the parents were queried via postal questionnaires about their child's health, headache and other complaints. The criteria of the IHS (1988, 2004) were employed to assess the different types of headache. A total of 5474 parents (62.3%) returned valid questionnaires. The 6-month prevalence of headache was 53.2%. Weekly headache was experienced by 6.5% of the children, whereas 17.2% had monthly, and 29.5% more seldom headache. The frequency of headache increased with age. The most important headache triggers were having a cold and school-related stress. Altogether 7.5 % of the children had migraine and 18.5% had tension-type headache (TTH). Non-classifiable headache was experienced by 27.1 %. Although migraine prevalence increased with age, no gender difference was found regarding type of headache. Children with unclassifiable headache experience more intense pain than those with TTH, have more migraine-like symptoms, and a disability rating that lies between that of children with migraine and children with TTH. Headache-related disability is the highest among children with migraine, though these have the largest number of helpful coping strategies. In addition, children with migraine displayed more symptoms of anxiety and depression and may represent a high-risk group for an unfavorable course of headache
Children in Pain: Recurrent Back Pain, Abdominal Pain, and Headache in Children and Adolescents in a Four-Year-Period
No full textObjective To analyze the development of recurrent pain in 3 body locations in children and adolescents (baseline age, 9 to 14 years) in a 4-year period. Study design In a large population-based longitudinal epidemiological study data was collected through annual postal questionnaires (longitudinal, n = 2025). Descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations were used. Results Girls were more likely to report recurrent pain, demonstrated a steeper development during the 4-year period, and reported multiple pain more often than boys. Younger children reported less recurrent pain, but displayed a steeper trend of increasing prevalence rates as they grew older. Older children illustrated a more stable development of recurrent pain and reported multiple pain more often. Disability experienced because of recurrent pain was related strongest to pain intensity. Stable patterns of pain were related to higher intensity and disability reports. The children experienced headache as the most disabling of the 3 pains. Conclusion The results show that boys and girls report recurrent pain in different patterns in the years. To identify risk factors, analysis should be performed separately for boys and girls. Furthermore, it is recommended to include children before the age of 9 years in a prevention study. (J Pediatr 2011;158:977-83)
Risk Factors for Headache in Children
No full textBackground: 10% to 30% of all children worldwide suffer from headaches at least once a week, potentially constituting a serious health problem that may lead to impairment in multiple areas. Therefore, one aim of the epidemiological longitudinal study "Children, Adolescents, and Headache" (KiJuKo) is the study of potential risk factors for the development of recurrent headaches. Methods: In the first survey (2003), questionnaires were sent to 8800 households with a child between 7 and 14 years of age. Three further surveys followed, one each year from 2004 to 2006. A number of predictors having to do with family characteristics and leisure activities were identified on the basis of the first survey and were then studied in the second survey (n = 2952) with respect to their influence on the new occurrence of headaches. Results: The risk of developing recurrent headaches between the first and the second survey was elevated by a factor of approximately 1.8 for boys who experienced quarrels in the family more than once per week, and by a factor of 2.1 for boys who only "sometimes" had free time for themselves. The risk of developing recurrent headaches was 25% higher in girls whose parents' behavior towards the child positively or negatively reinforced the occurrence of headaches. Conclusions: These findings are in accordance with those of other studies showing that, for boys, the frequency of quarreling in the family and the extent of leisure time are major factors in the development of recurrent headaches. For girls, the manner in which the parents respond to the child's headache seems to be important.German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [01EM0521
One-Year Course of Paediatric Headache in Children and Adolescents Aged 8-15 Years
No full textThe aims of the present study were the assessment of headache (HA) prevalence in German children and adolescents in the second year of a 4-year longitudinal study and the analysis of headache status change from year 1 to year 2. The original sample consisted of 8800 households with a child aged 7-14 years. A total of 4159 households responded in both year 1 and year 2, yielding 3984 valid parent questionnaires. Data regarding various aspects of the child's HA history and general health were gathered via mailed questionnaires from the parents. Of the households returning valid parent questionnaires at survey 2, 48.9% reported their child to have experienced headaches during the previous 6 months (53% at survey 1). Weekly HA was reported for 6.5% of the children, monthly or less frequent HA for 16.5% and 25.9%, respectively. With regard to headache diagnosis, 55.0% of the children and adolescents with HA experienced tension-type HA (TTH) and 11.3% migraine with or without aura (M). For more than half of the children and adolescents with HA (57.0%) the frequency of head pain remained stable over the period of 1 year (i.e. same frequency category in years 1 and 2). Improved and worsened HA status regarding frequency of occurrence was found in 22.3% and 20.7% of the subjects, respectively. Thus, there was no definite trend towards an increase of HA episodes over the course of 1 year regarding the individual child or adolescent. The most stable type of HA was TTH.German Ministry of Education and Research; German Headache Consortiu
Multiple Pains in Children and Adolescents: A Risk Factor Analysis in a Longitudinal Study
No full textObjective: The aim of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of multiple pains (MPs) and detect psychosocial risk factors assessed 1 year previously. Method: MPs were defined by the number of sites where pain was reported to occur at least "sometimes" in a general population sample of 2,219 German youths. Results: Two or more sites of recurrent pain were reported by 54% of the participants, whereas 27% reported no pains. Girls were much more prone to MPs than boys. Stability of MP was high in the two waves. Regression analysis revealed that prior MP, age, sex, internalizing/externalizing symptoms, and time spent with visual media explained 25% of the variance: the contribution of the psychosocial factors to the model was small. Separate analyses for boys and girls displayed different risk-factor profiles and a higher degree of predictability in girls. Conclusion: A supposedly biological disposition, namely pain vulnerability, being particularly high in girls, is assumed to build the basis of pains felt in various sites of the body. Further research is needed to corroborate and specify these assumptions
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