275 research outputs found
The author and the text: linguistic analysis of andrius tapinas' commentaries.
No full textThe author and the text: linguistic analysis of Andrius Tapinas' commentaries This bachelor thesis analyses the commentaries of Andrius Tapinas and the aim is to identify authors position. The problem of authors position explorations is that it is frequent to decide about authors position from interpersonal metafunction. As there are three metafunctions, which function together – ideational, interpersonal and textual – it is possible to decide about authors position from ideational and textual metafunctions as well. Analysis has shown that genre, themes and informtion structure, which belong to ideational metafunction, reveal authors didactic and civic position, use of irony shows authors will to criticize and change current situation and inform the readers. Analysis of intertextuality has shown, that author is creative and witty, elements of other texts help author to express his opinion and inform addressees. Interpersonal function revealed, that author uses first and second person forms, which help to affiliate with addressees
Stable sulfur isotopes measurement.
No full textStable Sulfur Isotopes Measurement This work describes sulfur cycle in the atmosphere, sulfur exchanges in biological processes, influence of sulfur compounds to atmospheric aerosol formation, sulfur aerosol impact on climate. The main aim of this work was to practice sulfur isotope ratio measurement methodology of environmental samples, by transferring sulfur from environmental oxides and sulfuric acid to the form of barium sulfate. Main objectives were: to collect atmospheric transport forecast, and to collect aerosol samples according to those forecasts; measure the sulfur isotope ratio of barium sulfate and sulfuric acid; measure the sulfur isotope ratio of barium sulfate to assess the influence of the catalyst used in sulfur isotope ratio measurement. It was found that sulfur isotope ratios can be measured in organic samples without using a catalyst. It is difficult to measure sulfur isotope ratios in BaSO4 because of its difficult combustion, and therefore it is necessary to use a catalyst, for example V2O5. Measured sulfur isotope ratio values of the sulfuric acid and commercially available barium sulfate were: δ34S = 9.6 ± 0.7 ‰ (sulfuric acid), δ34S = 14.9 ± 0.3 ‰ (barium sulfate). Different isotope ratio values indicate that the origin of sulfur in said materials is different. In order to measure the sulfur isotope ratio of sulfates of aerosol particles it is required to transfer sulfates to the form barium sulfate. This work lays out the conditions under which you can measure the sulfur isotope ratio of barium sulfate, which can be made from sulfur in aerosol particles
Stable carbon isotope ratio measurements in milk fatty acids.
No full textThe aim of this work was to apply isotope ratio mass spectrometry to differentiate organically and conventionally produced milk. For measurements milk samples were bought from supermarket and collected from organic farm. Measurements were done using GC/C/IRMS system. To achieve objective of this work δ13C ratios were analyzed in individual fatty acids of the milk. Objective of this work was achieved when individual milk samples were compered between each other with their δ13C ratios in C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids
Investigation of stable water isotope changes in the neris river.
No full textThe aim of this work is to investigate the change of 18O/16O isotope ratio of Neris water and water entering Vilnius wells using the method of stable isotope mass spectrometry and to estimate the time period during which Neris water enters specific wells. Prior to the start of the study, it was hypothesized that the wells located near the Neris River may be close enough to the rapid infiltration zone and for this reason, it may be possible to experimentally observe the addition of the wells to the river water. The aim is to find out how fast infiltration into wells takes place and whether the duration of this process can be estimated by monitoring the annual change of stable water isotopes. The findings emphasize that seasonal variation of Neris river water δ18O values was observed after the results were obtained, as well as a significant correlation was found between δ18O values and river water temperature. It was established that the change of stable oxygen isotopes is also observed in the well #2, as well as in the samples of water supplied from well #1. In the wellfield #1 constant oxygen isotope values were recorded which are close to the average annual value of precipitation oxygen isotopes. The experimental average water passage time from the Neris River to the well #2 was also determined, which is close to the theoretical value. Similarly, the period during which surface water enters the wellfield #3 and reaches the end user has been determined. Using the obtained data and available models, a preliminary local surface water meteorological water line was identified
Measurements of bioarosol particles carbon izotope ratio.
No full textMeasurements of Bioarosol Particles Carbon Izotope Ratio
Sulphur isotope ratio variation in aerosol particles.
No full textThe aim of this work was to examine δ34S distribution in atmospheric sulphate aerosol particles and to characterize their sources while applying stable isotope mass spectrometry methods. For this task, the dependence between measurements of atmospheric sulfate aerosol δ34S and particulate sulphate concentration was found. In this work, topics of Sulphur isotopes, their application in stable isotope analysis, δ34S notation and standards used for analysis are discussed. Furthermore, the global sulphur cycle and aerosol terminology is reviewed. It is followed by a description of sulphate aerosol particulate matter formation, natural and anthropogenic sources and their annual global fluxes with typical δ34S values found in nature. In the methodological section, atmospheric aerosol sample collection location and the aerosol sampler instrumentation is described. The sample collection period lasted from 5 March until 6 May, during the year 2020. Also described are the details of sample chemical preparation procedure, stable isotope mass spectrometry equipment, its use for sulphur isotope measurements and normalization of δ34S values. In the experimental section of this work, accuracy of stable isotope mass spectrometer was verified with the use of international reference standards. Afterwards, sample δ34S values together with aerosol sulphate concentrations were determined. By comparing the aerosol sulphate concentrations to air monitoring data it was found that their values change accordingly to the background particulate matter concentrations in Vilnius, however changes in atmospheric SO2 concentrations produced little effect. Subsequently, relationship between δ34S values and aerosol sulphate concentrations was plotted which revealed two possible major sources of sulphate aerosol pollution. These results were then related to atmospheric air parcel trajectory models which were applied in characterizing the pollution sources and their effect on measured δ34S values. The results of this work showed that during the sampling period atmospheric sulphate aerosol δ34S values ranged from 6,1 ‰ to 12,6 ‰. Additionally, it was determined that local pollution sources are represented by lower values of δ34S whereas long range source δ34S values are higher. Finally, two probable dominant sources of atmospheric sulphate aerosol pollution were found
Translation of cultural references in the novel “hour of the wolf” by author-translator andrius tapinas.
No full textThe phenomenon of self-translation is not yet commonly seen in the translation discipline. This thesis examines Andrius Tapinas's fictional novel Vilko Valanda, which the author himself describes as "Vilnius but different". The novel is set in our real world, but it also contains fantasy (steampunk) elements that were not included in the analysis, as this study focused on real culture-specific items, with the exception of proper nouns. This study analyses how author-translator Andrius Tapinas translated his work Hour of the Wolf into English, what translation strategies he used to translate culture-specific items, and whether he took a more detached translator's stance, or took advantage of his own stance as an author to make changes in the translation that translators would avoid. The study used Jurgita Mikutytė's (2005) and Shih Chung-ling's (2010) classifications of culture-specific items and Eirlys Davies' (2003) classification of translation strategies in order to answer the questions posed. A total of 319 culture-specific items were found in the original novel and 312 in the translation, as in some cases it was chosen to omit culture-specific items in the translation. The author-translator concept, the classification of culture-specific items and translation strategies are discussed in this paper. The data found is presented both quantitatively and qualitatively, giving a percentage breakdown of all the culture-specific item groups and the percentage frequency of translation strategies used. Translation within each subgroup of cultural realities is then discussed with examples. Finally, conclusions are presented, answering the questions raised and summarizing the whole study. The results of the study showed that the largest group of cultural realities was proper nouns, and the second largest group was slang and idioms. It was also found that the author-translator most frequently used localization translation strategy, with transformation in second place. A more detailed analysis showed that author-translator Andrius Tapinas followed the translator's stance and did not make any significant changes in the translation and tried to bring new readers closer to the novel by using the translation strategies of localization, transformation and addition. This study may be of interest to translators and writers who are interested in the author-translator phenomenon in the Lithuanian translation community. And a limitation of this study is that for some of the culture-specific item groups examples were not found in the novel, so it may have been better to concentrate on fewer groups and to analyse them in more depth instead
Sieros junginių dinamika ir balansas aplinkos sanduose.
No full textSulfur compounds play a crucial role in Earth’s climate system, significantly affecting air quality and human health. Sulfate aerosols contribute to climate cooling by scattering solar radiation, with their radiative forcing properties dependent on SO2 oxidation pathways. Thus, accurately identifying sulfur pollution sources and understanding atmospheric oxidation mechanisms is essential for assessing their environmental and climatic effects. The results of this study revealed distinct seasonal trends in the isotopic compositions of atmospheric sulfur compounds, with higher δ34S values in the summer months and lower δ34S values in the winter months, driven by shifts in predominant pollution sources and oxidation pathways. By integrating stable sulfur (34S) and carbon (13C) isotopes with radiocarbon (14C) analysis, the research identified that the main anthropogenic pollution sources in Vilnius were biomass burning, coal combustion emissions from neighboring countries, and, during the 2022 – 2023 heating season, emissions from heavy fuel oil, which became a significant contributor during this period. Furthermore, isotopic composition data from synchronously collected SO2 and sulfate aerosol samples enabled a quantitative assessment of the main SO2 oxidation pathways. The findings showed that transition metal ion-catalyzed oxidation was the prevailing mechanism for sulfate formation in Vilnius during winter, while oxidation by H2O2 and OH played a lesser role
Application of stable carbon isotopic ratio method for atmospheric research.
No full textApplication of Stable Carbon Isotopic Ratio Method for Atmospheric Research
δ13C ir 14c measurements in aerosol particles.
No full textThe aim of this work is to examine aerosol particles in atmosphere and automotive emissions using δ13C and 14C measurements. Main tasks were to master aerosol sampling, graphitization, stable isotope and accelerator mass spectrometry techniques. Additional tasks were to measure δ13C and fm values and use them to distinguish atmospheric aerosol sample sources, to measure automotive emission change in δ13C using different workloads and to determine biological portion of different diesel samples. In this paper, topics related to carbon and its isotopes, carbon denotation, calculations, applications and fossil fuel formation are discussed. In the analysis section, principles of aerosol sampler equipment, graphitization system, accelerator mass spectrometer, stable isotope mass spectrometer and performed experiments are described. In the experimental section of this work, measurements of δ13C and fm were made for atmospheric aerosol samples. Comparing obtained δ13C results to similar results in literature, it was found that sources of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosol largely consisted of liquid fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning. Measured fm values were used to determine that carbonaceous aerosol particles had dominant biomass contribution during winter season. Additionally, experimental measurements of automotive aerosol emissions were made. The δ13C values differed from -28,7 ‰ to -26,7 ‰ while testing separate driving modes. Average δ13C value was found to be equal to -27,9 ‰ in automotive emissions and isotopic fractionation equal to 2,1 ‰. Finally, it was determined that Futura diesel contained 6,1 % biofuel and Pro diesel contained 13,5 %
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