1,721,307 research outputs found
Closing the Loop between knowledge patterns in cognition and the Semantic Web
No full textWe discuss currently open issues in the discovery and representation of knowledge patterns in computational processing of meaning, in order to improve interoperability and cognitive validity of web-based semantics. We present the current state of knowledge patterns (KP) in Knowledge Representation, the Semantic Web and Cognitive Sciences, focusing on an intensional abstraction of heterogeneous predicates as a formal foundation for KP
Biography: Antonio Gangemi, MD, FACS
No full textDr. Antonio Gangemi earned an undergraduate degree in Humanistic Sciences in his hometown of Catanzaro, Italy. This academic milestone sits as the foundation of the future physician who would later be greatly appreciated by scores of patients who value his holistic approach and compassionate care. Dr. Gangemi attended medical school at the University of Reggio Calabria, Italy. He graduated from medical school in 1997 Summa sine Laude and was the first medical student in Italy to defend a dissertation on total thyroidectomy performed with minimally invasive surgery approach in an animal model
Some tools and methodologies for domain ontology building
Full text linkThree main methodology types for ontology con-struction can be singled out from the literature. Thefirst (community ontology) assumes neither foundational nor core ontologies, but tries to negotiatean intersubjective agreement among the membersof a community of interest. The second (linguistic ontology) deals with a lexicographic treatmento f domain terminologies, usually in an informal way (most dictionaries and thesauri can be considered as products of this activity). The third(cognitive ontology) calls for axiomatic theories and philosophical notions to be used in performing domain analysis
Bariatric surgery and metabolic syndrome: are the 91 NIH guidelines still adequate?
No full textUS have the highest mean BMI among high income countries. One in three adults has BMI >30. Between 1980 and 2008, global mean BMI increased at an annualized rate of 0.4 kg/m2/decade for men and 0.5 for women. Diabetes parallels the obesity trend. Total estimated cost of obesity in US is 210 billion per year. Dietary restrictions have demonstrated only 6% success. Physician supervised, medically approached weight loss strategies have about 12% success rate. Bariatric surgery has proved to be the most effective strategy in treating obesity. Currently, indications for bariatric surgery are based on the guidelines established by National Institute of Health (NIH) in 1991 (BMI>35+ associated medical co-morbidities or BMI >40). A significant and growing number of patients who have one or more components of metabolic syndrome and a BMI <35 are left out from bariatric surgery intervention as payers base their coverage for bariatric surgery on the 1991 NIH guidelines. We do review the currently available literature on the topic and present our bariatric surgery center experience and initiatives aiming to overcome the limitations of NIH guidelines for bariatric surgery and to start a constructive and collegial conversation on their possible revision
A Technique for Total Pancreatectomy that Minimizes Warm Ischemia Time while Allowing Processing of the Whole Organ for Autologous Islet Transplantation
No full textIdentity of Resources and Entities on the Web
No full textOne of the main strengths of the Web is that it allows any party of its global community to share information with any other party. This goal has been achieved by making use of a unique and uniform mechanism of identification, the uniform resource identifiers (URI). Although URIs succeed when used for retrieving resources on the Web, their suitability for identifying any kind of thing, for example, resources that are not on the Web, is not guaranteed. In this article we investigate the meaning of the identity of a Web resource, and how the current situation, as well as existing and possible future improvements, can be modeled and implemented on the Web. In particular, we propose an ontology, IRE, that provides a formal way to model both the problem and the solution spaces. IRE describes the concept of resource from the viewpoint of the Web, by reusing an ontology of information objects, built on top of DOLCE+ and its extensions. In particular, we formalize the concept of Web resource, as distinguished from the concept of a generic entity, and how those and other concepts are related, for example, by different proxy for relations. Based on the analysis formalized in IRE, we propose a formal pattern for modeling and comparing different solutions to the problems of the identity of resources
Exploring the Relationship between the Fast Food Environment and Obesity Rates in the US vs. Abroad: A Systematic Review
No full textObesity remains one of the greatest public health concerns in our modern-day society, necessitating an understanding of the underlying contributing factors. This systematic review examines the existing literature to better understand the relationship between the fast food environment and obesity rates within the United States (US) compared to other countries throughout the world. To be included in our review, studies must have been peer-reviewed, published in English, and had to include some measure of analysis of the fast food environment and rates of obesity. Based on the results of our review (n=46 studies), the findings were largely similar between US and non-US studies; in both cases, there were inconsistent associations between the fast food environment and rates of obesity/overweight. However, in terms of socioeconomic status (SES), our findings were consistent across both US and non-US studies; lower SES was associated with unfavourable fast food environments, higher concentrations of fast food restaurants, higher consumption of junk food, and higher obesity rates. Based on the results of our review, we conclude that more longitudinal research must be performed with consistent methodology in order to more clearly understand the role of the fast food environment in the development of obesit
- …
