1,721,234 research outputs found
Cumulative prognostic value of p16/CDKN2 and p53 oncoprotein expression in premalignant laryngeal lesions
No full textEvaluation of lymphangiogenesis in premalignant conditions of the head and neck mucosa
No full textBackground: Our aim was to determine whether lymphangiogenesis occurs in the early steps of cancerogenesis of the upper aerodigestive tract. Methods We assessed the number of lymphatics per unit area (lymphatic vascular density [LVD]) and the percent area occupied by the lymphatic vessels (lymphatic vascular area [LVA]) by computer-assisted morphometric analysis in 56 samples immunohistochemically stained with the lymphatic marker D2-40. The results were compared to those obtained in 63 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Results No significant difference was observed between normal mucosa, hyperplasia/mild dysplasia, and moderate/severe dysplasia for LVD (p =.8) and LVA (p =.7). Conversely, invasive carcinomas presented a higher LVD than normal mucosa and precancerous lesions (p <.001), whereas there was no difference for LVA (p =.1). Conclusion Lymphangiogenesis does not occur in premalignant lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract and it is rather a late event associated with the development of an invasive phenotype. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
prognostic relevance of histologic classification of sinnonasal intestinal type adenocarcinoma
No full textRadiation-induced cutaneous carcinoma of the head and neck: is there an early role for p53 mutations?
No full textBackground. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying ionizing radiation-induced carcinogenesis of the skin.
Aims. To investigate the possible role of p53 in radiodermatitis and in the development of radiation-induced cutaneous carcinomas.
Methods. The study group comprised six patients affected by cutaneous carcinomas arising in radiodermatitis (one squamous cell carcinoma and five basal cell carcinomas), and seven patients presenting only chronic radiodermatitis. Skin specimens were evaluated for p53 immunohistochemical expression. Using laser-assisted microdissection, areas with different p53 immunoreactivity were separately submitted to DNA isolation and p53 gene analysis.
Results. In the majority of cases (9/12, 75%), p53 immunoreactivity was detected in radiation-damaged epidermis. In carcinomas p53 oncoprotein was expressed by several neoplastic cells in one case (16.7%%), or by nearly all neoplastic cells in four (66.7%). SSCP band shifts were detected in 9/25 samples (36%) microdissected from irradiated epidermis and in 3/6 (50%) carcinomas. DNA sequencing demonstrated two repeatedly found mutations: a G deletion at codon 244 and an A -> G transition at codon 205, as well as hallmarks of ultraviolet mutagenic action, including a C -> T transition occurring at a dipyrimidine site and a CC -> TT tandem double-base transition.
Conclusion. Our data indicate that irradiation induces significant p53 alterations that may be relevant in the modification of epithelial maturation processes and may be responsible for the high risk for development of carcinomas in radiodermatitis
Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in T3 N0 laryngeal carcinoma treated with total laryngectomy
No full textOBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to clarify the real importance of 16 possible prognostic factors analyzed retrospectively for the disease-free interval and survival of a total of 327 patients with T3 N0 M0 laryngeal carcinoma treated with total laryngectomy. METHODS: The role of each possible prognostic factor and their joint effect was explored by Cox proportional hazard survival analysis. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS: In a Cox univariate analysis for the whole group, tumor site, pattern of growth, tumor size, histologic grading, lymph node status, and the occurrence of postoperative complications were predictive of the risk of tumor recurrence. In univariate analysis, all these factors except for pattern of tumor growth, neck treatment and postoperative complications maintained their prognostic value when analyzed as predictors of survival; however, the loco-regional control of disease was the most significant one. In a Cox multivariate analysis tumor size, histologic grading and postoperative complications had a significant impact on disease-free survival, whereas only histologic grading and loco-regional failure apeared to be prognostic with a significant decrease in overall survival. Copyright © 2003 by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, Inc
p-53-oncoprotein expression in parotid gland carcinoma is associated with clinical outcome
No full textTumor lymphangiogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a morphometric study with clinical correlations
No full textAbstract
BACKGROUND:
Tumor metastasis to regional lymph nodes via the lymphatic system represents the first step of dissemination in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and serves as a major prognostic indicator for disease progression and as a guide for therapeutic strategies. In the current study, the authors investigated whether tumor lymphangiogenesis may be related to the risk of lymph node metastasis and to clinical outcome in patients with HNSCC.
METHODS:
Immunostaining for the lymphatic marker D2-40 was used, and lymphangiogenesis was quantified within the tumor and in the peritumoral area in 52 HNSCC specimens using computer-assisted morphometric analysis.
RESULTS:
Lymphatic vessels were found to be significantly more numerous and larger in the peritumoral area compared with within the tumor, and the number and relative area of intratumoral and peritumoral lymphatics was significantly higher in HNSCC cases with lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high peritumoral lymphangiogenesis (above the median value) was associated with an increased risk of developing lymph node metastasis. No correlation was found between tumor lymphangiogenesis and the disease-free or overall survival in the current series.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results indicate that peritumoral lymphangiogenesis may be an indicator of the risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with HNSCC
PEComa of the nasal septum
No full textNeoplasms showing perrivascular epithelioid cell differentiation (PEComas). Report of a case occurring in the nasal cavity
The Histological Background of Recurrence in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Insight into the Modifications of Tumor Microenvironment
Full text linkRecurrent laryngeal carcinoma presents differences from the primary tumor that largely depend on the treatment. In this article, we review the histologic and molecular treatment-induced changes that may affect the diagnosis of recurrent laryngeal carcinoma, the assessment of predictive markers, and the response to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Radiotherapy induces profound modifications that are strictly related to necrosis of different tissue components, fibrosis, and damage of the tumor vessels. Postradiotherapy recurrent/persistent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma typically presents a discohesive growth pattern within a fibrotic background associated with significant changes of the tumor immune microenvironment, with both important immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects. Overall, the increase of immunoregulatory cells and immune checkpoints such as CTLA-4, TIM-3, PD-1, and PD-L1 induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy strongly supports the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in recurrent/persistent laryngeal carcinoma. Future studies aiming to identify predictive factors of the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors should consider such treatment-induced modifications
Endoscopic nasal versus open approach for the management of sinonasal adenocarcinoma: a pooled-analysis of 1826 patients
No full textSurgical resection represents the gold standard for the treatment of sinonasal malignancies. This study reviewed the published outcomes on endoscopic surgery or endoscopic-assisted surgery versus open approach for the management of sinonasal adenocarcinomas
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