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When you have already made up your mind, but you don't know it yet
No full textStarting from the basic claim of the Gawronski and Bodenhausen’s APE model, the aim of this essay was the detection of the role of implicit and explicit attitudes in decision making.
The implicit and explicit attitudes of a group of participants about the enlargement of a USA military base in Vicenza were detected at Time 1 and one week later (time 2) using the ST-IAT, in the case of the implicit attitudes, and the answers to a survey, in the case of explicit attitudes. An intention of voting in favour of or against the enlargement was also registered (at Time 1 and Time 2). The data showed that when an attitude involves a choice, all of the components (implicit attitudes, explicit attitudes and behavioural intention) have to move in the same direction.
We found that the explicit component of the attitude controls the judgment preservation and/or the judgment change in the case of a defined attitude about a specific object. This explicit component is also able to affect the implicit component of the attitude. Moreover, in the case of a not yet defined attitude, the implicit component of the attitude drives the judgement construction at the explicit level. Instead, the implicit attitudes, but not the explicit attitudes, measured at the Time 1 anticipated the subsequent choices of people who initially defined themselves as uncertain In other words, only the ST-IAT index at Time 1 predicted the change in the survey responses and the participants’ ST-IAT performances at Time 2
Dall’oggettivazione delle donne in televisione alle molestie sessuali, il passo è breve?
No full textSecondo studi recenti, i programmi televisivi basati su rappresentazioni oggettivanti delle donne possono veicolare un contesto normativo che induce alla molestia sessuale. La presente ricerca ha indagato se l’accessibilità delle norme della mascolinità che giustificano la molestia e la tendenza alla molestia possono essere favorite anche da altre rappresentazioni televisive delle donne. Partecipanti maschi (N = 88) sono stati esposti ad uno di tre video, veicolanti un’immagine delle donne (i) oggettivata, (ii) coerente con lo stereotipo di genere, oppure (iii) controstereotipica. Dai risultati è emerso che i partecipanti esposti al video oggettivante hanno manifestato maggiore tendenza alla molestia ed espresso maggiore adesione alle norme della mascolinità relative al sesso non-relazionale rispetto ai partecipanti delle altre due condizioni sperimentali. A sua volta, l’adesione alle norme relative al sesso non-relazionale media la relazione tra condizione sperimentale e tendenza alla molestia
Media-induced sexual harassment: the routes from sexually objectifying media to sexual harassment.
Full text linkMedia that sexually objectify women by portraying them in ways that emphasize physical beauty and sexual readiness as well as reduce them to decorative and sexual objects have been traditionally identified by scholars as a powerful cultural risk factor encouraging sexual harassment and sexual violence. In the present article we review the existing empirical evidence linking sexually objectifying media and sexual harassment of women to the overarching and integrative Media-Induced Sexual Harassment framework. This framework offers a coherent scheme for explaining the effects of sexually objectifying media on three target groups directly involved in sexual harassment—perpetrators, victims, and bystanders—and it postulates three cognitive and emotional mechanisms through which sexually objectifying media lead to sexual harassment: dehumanization, disruption of emphatic resonance, and a shift in gender norms. The evidence reviewed on the basis of the Media-Induced Sexual Harassment framework shows that sexually objectifying media converge in normalizing harassing behaviors and can be a causal risk factor for increasing engagement in sexual harassment, heightening victims’ acceptance of sexual harassment and discouraging bystander intervention. We discuss implications of these arguments for effectively preventing negative effects of exposure to sexually objectifying media and for education programs aimed at critical media-consumption
Alla ricerca dei "percorsi carsici" delle scelte elettorali. Proposta di una nuova tecnica per monitorare e analizzare le componenti implicite delle decisioni di voto
No full textPerceived levels of economic inequality in everyday life increase citizens’ willingness to engage in collective action
No full textEconomic inequality is on the rise worldwide and represents one of the greatest challenges facing individuals and societies today.
However, the relationship between the degree of economic inequality and citizens' support for actions aimed at reducing it appears
to be close to negligible. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to shed light on a potential pathway for effectively
mobilising citizens to address economic inequality and promote social change: perceived levels of economic inequality in individuals'
everyday life. Across two pre-registered
cross-sectional
studies (N = 906) conducted in different countries (Italy and Spain),
a link between perceptions of economic inequality in everyday life and willingness to engage in collective and political action
emerged. Importantly, an experimental study (N = 583) allowed us to corroborate these correlational findings. Results showed
that in the salience of economic inequality in everyday life condition participants were more likely to engage in collective action
aimed at redressing economic inequality and to manifest intention to vote, compared to a control condition. Implications and
avenues for future research are discussed
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