1,720,980 research outputs found
Fig. 7 in Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key
No full textFig. 7. Coletinia dextra Molero-Baltanás, Bach de Roca & Gaju-Ricart sp. nov. Holotype, ♂ (MNCN_ Ent 283557). A. Maxilla and maxillary palp. B. Labial palp. C. Thoracic nota. D. First leg, except coxa. E. Third leg, except coxa. Scale bars: A, C–E = 0.1 mm; B = 0.2 mm.Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
Fig. 11 in Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key
No full textFig. 11. Coletinia serrata Mendes, Molero-Baltanás, Bach de Roca & Gaju-Ricart sp. nov. Holotype, ♂ (MUHNAC, CZ-5646). A. Urotergite X. B. Detail of the posterolateral lobe of the urotergite X, with pegs. C. Urosternite V. D. Hind margin of the urosternite VIII. E. Coxite IX, stylus IX and paramere. F. Detail of the apical part of the paramere. G. First and second division of the cercus. H. First and basal divisions of the paracercus. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on page 147, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
Diversity hidden in nests: worldwide account of nidicolous silverfish (Insecta: Zygentoma)
No full textThe available information on nidicolous insects of the order Zygentoma (mainly those living in the nests or colonies of ants, termites, but also associated with other animals) is thoroughly revised. Most of the data comes from old, low-impact and non-digitized but equally valid sources. This work presents the first worldwide annotated checklist of nidicolous Zygentoma species, indicating their geographic distribution and host associations. The information provided in this checklist is analysed. A total of 611 associations involving 203 species (75 Lepismatidae and 128 Nicoletiidae) are accounted with 70.4% found with ants (more than 160 species), 26.4% with termites (more than 80), and 3.1% with other animals like wasps, birds, and mammals. Myrmecophiles (ant-associated silverfish) represent 48.5% of species, termitophiles (termite-associated) 39.1%, and nidicolous species 12.4%. Interestingly, Nicoletiidae silverfish are associated with a broader range of social insects than Lepismatidae, especially regarding termite associations. Geographic distributions are also different between silverfish families, with Lepismatidae more diverse in the northern hemisphere and Nicoletiidae in the southern latitudes; the existence of patterns is suggested, but the need for more sampling in underexplored regions is emphasized. Additionally, nearly 50 Zygentoma species not previously linked to social insects that could be nidicolous are also listed. The review of the available biological data suggest various types of interactions, including commensalism, parasitism, and mutualism, possibly pointing to independent evolutionary events. However, limited taxonomic, geographic, and biological knowledge complicates a thorough interpretation, highlighting the need for further research on silverfish diversity and their host interactions.Some research carried out for this work was partially covered by the Project «Relaciones entre Formicidae y sus huéspedes en ecosistemas mediterráneos: diversidad y el grado de especialización de los artrópodos mirmecófilos» (Ref. XXIII PP. Mod. 4.1) by the University of Córdoba (Spain) in the «Programa propio de fomento de la investigación» (1-VII-2018 to 31-X-2020).Peer reviewe
Worldwide revision of synanthropic silverfish (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) combining morphological and molecular data
No full textSynanthropic silverfish are the best-known and most widely distributed insects of the order Zygentoma. However, there is a great gap in the knowledge and confusion about the geographic distribution and the diagnostic characteristics that allow their identification. In this work, we provide an exhaustive and deep analysis of the most common 9 synanthropic silverfish of the world, combining previously published and newly derived morphological and molecular data. Updated descriptions of Ctenolepisma calvum (Ritter, 1910) and Ctenolepisma (Sceletolepisma) villosum (Fabricius, 1775) are included, and morphological remarks, illustrations, and photographs of the remaining synanthropic species are provided to clarify their diagnosis and differentiation among them and from other free-living species. In addition, Ctenolepisma targionii (Grassi and Rovelli, 1889) is synonymized with C. villosum. A molecular phylogeny is presented based on the COI sequences of all the synanthropic species deposited in BOLD and GenBank, with 15 new sequences provided by this study. This has allowed us to detect and correct a series of identification errors based on the lack of morphological knowledge of several species. Moreover, 2 different lineages of Ctenolepisma longicaudatumEscherich, 1905 have also been detected. To help future studies, we also provide a taxonomic interpretation guide for the most important diagnostic characters of the order Zygentoma, as well as an identification key for all the Synanthropic studied species. Finally, an approximation of the global distribution of synanthropic silverfish is discussed. Several new records indicate that the expansion of these species, generally associated with the transport of goods and people, is still far from over.Funding for the DNA sequencing was provided by the Australian Museum Research Institute and for SEM sessions by the University of Córdoba through the «Plan Propio de Investigación».xPeer reviewe
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Neoasterolepisma foreli (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) and the phylogeny of basal Ectognatha
Full text linkThe silverfish Neoasterolepisma foreli belongs to the family Lepismatidae within Zygentoma and is well known for the peculiar habit of living in strict association with ant nests (myrmecophily). In this study, we describe its mitochondrial genome, a circular molecule of 15,398 bp including the canonical 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, as well as a 403 bp AT-rich region. A phylomitogenomic analysis of the new sequence, alongside basal hexapod mtDNAs, confirmed the monophyly of all orders, with some uncertainty over the position of the enigmatic Tricholepidion gertschi that would make Zygentoma paraphyletic. Neoasterolepisma foreli is recovered in a basal position within family Lepismatidae, at odd with our current understanding of the group that would, in turn, suggest a closer relationship with the genus Lepisma (Mendes, 1991)
Coletinia redetecta Molero, Bach & Gaju 2013
No full textColetinia redetecta Molero, Bach & Gaju, 2013 Coletinia redetecta Molero, Bach & Gaju in Molero et al., 2013: 38–40, figs 2a, 7, 102–116. Material examined SPAIN • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Castellón Province, La Vall de Uixó, Coves de Sant Josep; 15 Oct. 2016; A. Sendra leg.; UCO, Ref. Z2642. Distribution Endemic to karstic areas of Castellón Province, in eastern Spain. Variability remarks The specimens of this sample were collected in a cave about 78 km to the south of the type locality of the species. They are tentatively assigned to C. redetecta, although there are some differences in some characters with the type material. Here, we consider that these differences can be attributed to intraspecific variability. The most important difference is the lower number of ventral macrochaetae in tibiae (in specimens from the type locality, the metatibiae usually have 6 or more ventral macrochaetae and in the new sample the metatibiae bear 5 macrochaetae). A thorough examination of all available specimens has revealed that all tibiae have at least 2 (frequently, 3) dorsal macrochaetae (if only one was reported for this species, this was caused by a loss of the setae, but the insertion of the second one has been detected). This character is shared with C. longitibia Molero, Bach & Gaju 2013 and C. capolongoi, but not with C. tessella Molero, Bach & Gaju, 2013 and all the species of the group capolongoi distributed further south, which bear only one dorsal macrochaetae on their metatibiae. This character has been included in the key at the end of this work, but the number of the ventral macrochaetae is excluded due to the variability mentioned above. The formula of pegs on the cerci of the holotype is: C1 (0) +C2 (1[0 id]+2[0–1 id] +3[1 id]). The only male available from the second locality where the species was found (Avenc d’en Serenge, Cabanes) has the cerci damaged. The formula of cerci in a male of the new locality (La Vall de Uixó) is: C1 (0) +C2 (1[1 id]+2[1 id] +3[1 id]+4[1 id]). The paracercus in all specimens examined lacks short spines; there are 0–2 thin acute dorsal spines in the first and second divisions of P2.Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on pages 150-152, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
Coletinia intermedia Molero, Bach & Gaju 2013
No full textColetinia intermedia Molero, Bach & Gaju, 2013 Coletinia intermedia Molero, Bach & Gaju in Molero et al., 2013: 27, figs 54–64. Material examined SPAIN • 1 ♂; Murcia Province, Fortuna, Cueva del Solín; 4 Nov. 1984; M. Ortiz leg.; UCO, Ref. Z2506. Variability remarks The male specimen studied from a sample collected a long time ago in a cave at 50 km distance from one of the localities where C. intermedia was previously found (Calasparra) is tentatively assigned to this species, although a revision of the group Coletinia intermedia + Coletinia tinauti should be done, perhaps also including C. calaforrai. The only male available from this new locality agrees with C. intermedia in most characters but differs in having longer tibiae (ratio L/W of metatibiae about 6.07 while it ranges from 4.8 to 5.1 in other male specimens), a lower number of setae in the disc of the tenth urotergite (7, while other male specimens show 10–11 discal setae), a higher number of pegs in the urotergite X (8+ 8 while other males of this species show 4–5+ 4–5 pegs) and longer paramera (their ratio length/width is about 6.1, while it ranges from 4.9 to 5.1 in other specimens). These differences are provisionally interpreted as intraspecific variability, but this should be reassessed in the future together with the variability of C. tinauti (see below in the section of this species and in discussion section). The formula of pegs on cerci of the holotype can not be established because these appendages are damaged in this specimen. In the male collected in Cueva del Puerto (Calasparra, Murcia), the formula of pegs on cerci is: C1 (1[1 id]) +C2 (1[1 id+ 0–1iv] +2[1 id + 0–1iv] +3[1 id] +4[0–1 id + 0–1iv]). This formula is similar in the new specimen from Cueva del Solin but in this case, pegs are less blunt. The formula of paracercus is P1(0d) +P2(1[1d] +2[1d]) in the specimen of Cueva del Puerto and P1(1d)+ P2(1[1d] +2[1d]) in the male from Cueva del Solín.Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on pages 149-150, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
Coletinia diania Molero, Bach & Gaju 2013
No full textColetinia diania Molero, Bach & Gaju, 2013 Coletinia diania Molero, Bach & Gaju in Molero et al., 2013: 29, figs 65–75. Material examined SPAIN • 2 ♂♂; Alicante Province, Denia, Cova de la Punta de Benimaqua; 9 Jan. 2016; A. Sendra leg.; UCO, Ref. Z2641. Distribution Known only from its type locality in a cave of Alicante Province, in Spain. Variability remarks This is the second time this species is found at the same locality of its original description, that was based on only one male specimen. Unfortunately, females are also absent in this new sample and males collected lack the terminal filaments, so it is not possible to confirm the main character distinguishing this species from other related ones (i.e., the high number of pegs in the cerci and the position of two of them at the same level of the second division of the cerci). Regarding remaining diagnostic characters of C. diania, the two specimens examined fit well with the description made in Molero et al. (2013) and no remarkable variability has been detected. The body length of the new specimens is 1 mm shorter than that of the holotype, and this fact is congruent with a slightly lower number of pegs on the urotergite X (7 +7), but they have a slightly higher ratio L/W of tibiae (about 5.3 in the studied specimens, against 5 in the holotype) and of paramera (about 5 in the new specimens, while in the holotype this ratio is about 4–4.5). The re-examination of the holotype of this species provides the formula of pegs on the cerci: C1 (1[1 id + 0–1 iv]+2[1 id])+ C2 (1[1 id]+2[1 id +0–1 iv] +3[1 id+ 0–1 iv]+4[1 id]). Formula of short spines on paracercus: P1(1[1d + 1 ld]) +P2(1[1d + 1 ld] +2[0]+ 3[1d]).Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
Coletinia mendesi Wygodzinsky 1980
No full textColetinia mendesi Wygodzinsky, 1980 Fig. 12A–C Coletinia mendesi Wygodzinsky, 1980: 10–12, fig. 6. Coletinia mendesi – Molero, Bach, Sendra, Montagud, Barranco & Gaju 2013: 43–45, 47, figs 1a, 4, 6, 8, 134–140. Material examined SPAIN • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Málaga Province, Marbella, in a nest of Lasius grandis; 12 May 2018; C. Pradera leg.; UCO, Ref. Z2631 • 1 ♀; Córdoba Province, Córdoba city; 1 Jun. 2008; M. Gaju leg.; UCO, Ref. Z2643 • 3 ♂♂, 2 juvs; Córdoba Province, Palenciana; 28 Jun. 2001; UCO, Ref. Z2172 (already cited in Molero et al., 2013). Distribution Endemic to southern Iberian Peninsula: S Portugal and SW Spain. Variability remarks Some observations of Spanish specimens have revealed that the apical emargination of the urotergite X of males can be variable and it is wide and shallow in some specimens (Fig. 12A–B). This implies that this character is not useful for distinguishing this species from C. setosula, as established in the original description of this Sicilian species. One character not previously described of this species is the number and size of the macrochaetae of the mandibles. There are 5 or more bifid macrochaetae, at least 3 or them almost as long or, in some cases, slightly longer than the width of the mandible (Fig. 12C), while in the remaining known species of the genus this number is lower (usually 1–3) and they are shorter, at most about half the length of the mandible. Habitat Coletinia mendesi inhabits more superficial mediums than most of the remaining species of Coletiniinae, which usually live in caves or other subterranean habitats. Coletinia mendesi can be collected under stones and it had been previously collected in ant nests (Mendes 1985), so it can be considered as an occasional or facultative myrmecophile. This is the first time it has been found with ants of the genus Lasius Fabricius, 1804.Published as part of Molero-Baltanás, Rafael, Gaju-Ricart, Miquel, Fišer, Žiga, Bach de Roca, Carmen & Mendes, Luís F., 2022, Three new species of European Coletinia Wygodzinsky (Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae), with additional records and an updated identification key, pp. 127-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.798.1675, http://zenodo.org/record/634117
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