1,721,046 research outputs found
A HGIS for the study of waterways: the case of Bologna as ancient city of waters
Full text linkHistorical cartography, as a fundamental part of Cultural Heritage, constitutes a
precious asset, not only to be safeguarded, but also to be used to study the evolution of the
territory over time. In this perspective, regeneration of ancient cartography in digital represents
an interesting way to allow new chances of using its historic and geographic information, by
modalities that cannot apply to analogue supports. In particular, the creation of HGIS (Historical
Geographic Information System) is a way to integrate historical cartography with historical data
of various kinds and compare them with the current reality, thus constituting an aid instrument
for the study of the historical landscape. The present study investigates the possibility of studying
the city of Bologna, in particular its ancient waterways, using some 18th and 19th century maps –
georeferenced on the current cartography – together with other archive data (drawings and news
taken from an ancient gazette). All these data have been merged in one GIS, this way offering a
new look at the ancient city of waters, characterized by a grandiose hydraulic system, with the
Savena and the Reno artificial channels and the Aposa natural channel, several silk mills, sewer
systems, water wheels and a port
Dissemination of cartographic heritage and rediscovery of the past using digital geomatic tools: some experiences in Bologna (Italy).
No full textCartographic Heritage, for centuries kept in Archives and Libraries, today needs to be spread towards the wide public, taking advantage of digital technologies. Tools and techniques coming from Geomatics, GIS technology in particular, can help to regenerate historical cartography in a metric way and to expand the possibilities of knowing and using this heritage, rediscovering the past in an unusual way and increasing the awareness about the geographical and historical context.
In the last few years, some experiences of research dissemination concerning the metric digital regeneration of historical cartography were conducted in Bologna by the authors. They were dedicated partly to high school students and partly to citizens and tourists, and received a very favorable response with a lot of interest from non-experts
Educazione comunicazione
No full textAvere a cuore l’architettura, specie se antica, significa accettarla nella sua consistenza fisica storicamente stratificata, i cui segni ne raccontano necessariamente la storia. La scelta allora di conservare un oggetto, qualsiasi oggetto, dipenderà non solo dal permanere della sua utilità/utilizzabilità ma, attivati i necessari processi cognitivi, dalla consapevolezza che questo oggetto è depositario di “valori” presenti, o magari solo futuri, che può, o potrebbe, rivelare. La documentazione di ciò viene definito “patrimonio” e, di conseguenza, l’educazione alla sua visione/lettura costituisce il primo passo per garantirne la sopravvivenza. Le incredibili potenzialità delle strumentazioni geomatiche del rilevamento nell’ era del digitale obbligano chi opera nel settore dei beni culturali alla consapevolezza della loro unicità, ed alla necessità impellente di darne una prima valorizzazione con una conoscenza rigorosa e completa che oggi è certamente perseguibile ed elemento essenziale per ogni intervento
Multitemporal Thermal Imagery Acquisition and Data Processing on Historical Masonry: Experimental Application on a Case Study
Full text linkThe recent improvement of infrared image quality has increased the use of thermography as a non-destructive diagnostic technique. Amongst other applications, thermography can be used to monitor historic buildings. The present work was carried out within the framework of the Horizon 2020 European project SHELTER, which aims to create a management plan for cultural heritage subject to environmental and anthropogenic risk. Among the chosen case studies is the Santa Croce Complex in Ravenna (Italy), which is exposed to different hazards, including flooding. The church has a peculiar architecture that develops below the street level, so the internal walls are affected by the deterioration caused by rising humidity. In such a case of advanced degradation, passive thermography cannot be used to its full potential. For this reason, an innovative methodology involving active thermography was first developed and validated with laboratory tests. Secondly, we conducted its first application to a real case study. With this purpose, an active thermography survey with forced ventilation was carried out to enhance different stages of material degradation by means of automatic classification of multitemporal data. These experiments have resulted in a method using an active thermal survey in a high moisture content environment to detect masonry degradation
Analisi multitemporale di immagini satellitari per il monitoraggio di aree colpite da alluvione
No full textHigh-Resolution 3D Survey and Visualization of Mesopotamian Artefacts Bearing Cuneiform Inscriptions
Full text linkThis paper presents some considerations
and experiences about the use of geomatic techniques in
surveying and representing small archaeological
artifacts, such as cuneiform tablets and other inscribed
objects with cuneiform writing. Scanning by hand-guided
structured light scanner and image processing on the 3D
models permits a wider range of possibilities in respect to
classical surveying methods and can help to improve the
readability of the text
High-precision topographical methodology for determining height differences when crossing impassable areas
No full textWith the arrival on the market of high-precision topographic total stations, professionals today, using appropriate methodologies, can determine altimetric connections to an accuracy that is almost comparable to those obtainable using high-precision geometric levelling. This aspect is of particular interest when it is not possible to proceed with classical geometric levelling operations due to logistical or other reasons: for instance, where levelling lines need to cross impassable areas such as streams, soft soils or canyons. Currently, height differences between two points separated by an impassable area are mainly measured using optical-mechanical levels by procedures that present a number of difficulties. This work presents the results achieved through several trials conducted on the use of high precision trigonometric levelling for measurement of height difference between benchmarks at opposite sides of streams. In particular, it describes the project where simultaneous and reciprocal measures were taken using two high-precision robotic total stations. © 2018 Elsevier Lt
TWI computation: a comparison of different open source GISs
Full text linkThe opportunities of retrieving geospatial datasets as open data and the reliability of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) GIS increased the possibilities of performing a large number of geospatial analyses. In particular, the worldwide availability of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) permits to compute several topographic indexes able to characterize the land morphology.
In this paper, we evaluate the performances of different open source GIS in the calculation of the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), a widespread index in hydrological analysis that describes the tendency of an area to accumulate water. Nowadays, there is a large number of available open source desktop GIS, maintained as FOSS projects, each of them focusing on developing specific goals. Therefore, from user point of view, the choice of the best software in solving a particular task is influenced by the GIS specific features.
The test was performed computing the TWI for the Rio Sinigo basin, in northern Italy. The DEM of the test area has been processed with GRASS GIS, Whitebox GAT and SAGA GIS. In order to identify equal workflows, all the combinations of available algorithms and parameters have been studied for each considered GIS. The final TWI maps produced as output were compared and discussed
Archaeology and Dams in Southeastern Turkey: Post-Flooding Damage Assessment and Safeguarding Strategies on Cultural Heritage
Full text linkThe construction of dams is an ever-growing threat to cultural heritage, particularly in an age of climate change and narrowly focused development policies. In analyzing as a case study three major reservoirs in the Middle Euphrates river valley in southeastern Turkey (Atatürk, Birecik and Karkamış), we developed a Post-Flooding Damage Assessment (PFDA) to evaluate the impact of dams on archaeological sites. Our PFDA, consisting of an analysis of cross-correlations between multi-temporal Landsat imagery, geographical spatial datasets and archaeological data from surveys and excavations, provides an unprecedented detailed overview of the loss of especially significant cultural landscapes, and also highlights the limited accuracy of pre-flooding archaeological surveys and excavations. We conclude with recommendations for improving how rescue archaeological projects targeting endangered cultural landscapes are designed, with an immediately achievable target of better documenting cultural heritage threatened by dams
GIS and Geomatics for archive documentation of an architectural project: The case of the big Arc of entrance to the Vittorio Emanuele II Gallery of Milan, by Giuseppe Mengoni (1877)
No full textToday, Geomatics science can provide modern techniques of acquisition, visualization, measurement and data management, useful for preservation, documentation and analysis of Cultural Heritage, in all its variety. Very interesting is the case for which both the project documentation of an object and the object itself are Cultural Heritage. A perfect example is the big Arc of entrance to the Vittorio Emanuele II Gallery of Milan (Italy), by Giuseppe Mengoni (1877), whose project documents are today kept at the “Museum-Archive Giuseppe Mengoni” of Fontanelice (province of Bologna). Exploiting this case, in the present study it was tested the utilization of geomatic techniques – photogrammetry and GIS (Geographic Information System) technology in particular – for archive documentation, developing an innovative tool able to allow intuitive and immediate searches among the archive documents (once made measurable) and the catalogue records, and let an innovative reading of the big Arc, in each step of its project development
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