436 research outputs found
UOMINI DI CULTURA E ASSOCIAZIONI INTELLETTUALI NEL DOPOGUERRA TRA FRANCIA, ITALIA E GERMANIA OCCIDENTALE (1945-1956)
No full textThe associations established in the years following the Second World War – in particular the Congress for cultural freedom (CCF) and the Société européenne de culture (European Society of Culture, SEC) – were intended to create bonds among intellectuals and to promote the discussion about their function within society. This study investigates the reasons and causes which lead to said associations, and it analyses the intellectual’s perception of their own role at that time and of the instruments they had to perform their civil task. The SEC, founded by the philosopher Umberto Campagnolo in 1950, has been chosen as the case study.
The present PhD thesis is divided into: a methodology introduction, a story of culture organization between the end of the Nineteenth Century and the Second World War (a part which has been considered necessary in order to underline the aspects of continuity and the possible original features regarding intellectuals’ associations that were founded during the Cold War years) and, finally, an in-depth analysis of the case study. The investigation moves from a transnational and comparative perspective, making use of the analytical procedure, first introduced by Pierre Bourdieu and Gisèle Sapiro, in a critical manner. In order to explore the core of this thesis, several different phases have been identified: the first one falls between 1945 and 1950, the second between 1950 (year of birth for the main intellectuals’ associations) and September 1953, the third covering the period until March 1956, an important date in SEC history. For this study a wide review of cultural magazines, as well as of relevant archive material has been carried out.
Campagnolo conceived culture as a creation of values: in his opinion since intellectuals, were responsible for conceiving ideas and symbols they should maintain full autonomy in the literary field. It was exactly in such dualism between autonomy and engagement that the SEC’s originality can be traced. The association was founded on the conviction that, only by uniting their strength, intellectuals would have been able to win influence within society, though it was the individual who had to commit himself/herself personally. The SEC’s peculiarity was determined also by its effective political independence, in spite of financing from the Italian government. It was conceived as a real association, and the instruments used for its action – the magazine “Comprendre”, the national centres and the Rencontre Est-Ouest [“East-West Encounter”] – did represent new important elements for the organizations of the time.
By means of a thorough study of Campagnolo’s speeches, of the “Comprendre” magazine, of the Meetings debates, of correspondence and of the strategy for new members’ recruitment, the SEC’s task was defined as “metaphysical”, meaning that it was not linked to events, but to the spirit which should have accompanied any cultural action. It was hence inferred that the SEC and the CCF were competing for non-political reasons. Actually, the SEC intended to safeguard the autonomy of intellectual relations (defining such an approach as politique de la culture [politics of culture]), while the CCF supported heteronomy, employing Art and literature with a precise political aim. The contrast between these two institutions was hence due to a different conception the intellectuals held about their own role in society. Therefore, the associations under examination did not represent an instrument with a univocal meaning: as demonstrated by the analysis which has been carried out, they were devoid of any intrinsically autonomous or heteronymous function with respect to the literary field. Furthermore it is clearly confirmed that intellectuals had a role of mediation, as they had always affirmed during past history The development of intellectuals’ associations needs to be ascribed to the social aspects of the writer’s or artist’s function, more than to political factors related to the conflict between the blocks.
In the attempt to fully understand the reasons for the success of intellectuals’ associations in those years, it has been hypothesized that a decline of the authority provided by traditional mediation forms among intellectuals, masses and politics had occurred. The social problem connected to such form of cultural organization was brought to light: in the SEC, it was less renowned intellectuals who showed particular involvement, and this means that actual interest for the SEC was due to their social condition and to the position a person had in the intellectual field.
The sources examined have shown how in Western Europe, after the Cold War peak reached in the months of armed conflict in Korea, the conception of engagement itself evolved: intellectuals were integral part of society, were free to choose time, place and mode for their interventions, positioning themselves midway between pure action and pure Art. This point of arrival corresponded to Campagnolo’s own conclusions, who rightly maintained that the root of the intellectuals’ problem and of their crisis was social, rather than moral or political, relating to their role in a society which was more and more massified. The acceptance of an intermediate position among those expressed after the Second World War put a light on how ideological differences could be smoothed, while the need for autonomy and defence of intellectuals as expressed by associations remained
An HH-like signal is involved in muscle organization of mantle development in Sepia officinalis (Mollusca)
No full textLuisa Igloria, 28th Annual ODU Literary Festival
No full textLuisa Igloria (previously published as Maria Luisa A. Carino) is the author of six books, four of which received the National Book Award from the Manila Critics’ Circle: Blood Sacrifice (University of the Philippines Press, 1998); Encanto (Anvil, 1994); Cartography (Anvil, 1992); and Cordillera Tales (New Day, 1990). She is also the author of In the Garden of the Three Islands (Moyer Bell/Asphodel, 1995), and the editor of Not Home, But Here: Writing from the Filipino Diaspora (Anvil, 2003). Her seventh and most recent book is Trill & Mordent (WordTech Editions, 2005), a runner-up for the 2004 Editions Prize. Igloria’s work has appeared in numerous national and international journals; she has received prestigious honors that include the 2004 Fugue Poetry Award, Finalist for the 2004 Larry Levis Editors Prize for Poetry, and Finalist for the 2003 Dorset Prize (Tupelo Press). She has received fellowships from the Fulbright Foundation, the Hawthornden Castle in Scotland, and to the Summer Literary Seminars in St. Petersburg, Russia. Igloria is an associate professor on the faculty of ODU’s Creative Writing Program
A hedgehog-like signal is involved in slow muscle differentation in Sepia officinalis (Mollusca)
No full textIn the tentacle of Sepia officinalis, smooth-like, helical and cross-striated fibres deriving from different populations of myoblasts are present. Myoblasts appear at different times during the development and express two muscle-specific transcription factors: Myf5-like and MyoD-like factors. Myoblasts expressing Myf5 give rise to slow fibres, whereas fast fibres derive from MyoD+ myoblasts. We found that a Hedgehog (Hh)-like signal was present in the central nerve cord of the tentacle from the early stages of development and in a specific population of myoblasts which are the precursors of slow muscle fibres. The model showed interesting similarities with vertebrates, in which Sonic hedgehog is a protein secreted by axial structures (the notochord and neurotube) and is involved in slow muscle differentiation and in survival of muscle precursors
Taccuini e diari di viaggio nel fondo archivistico Maria Luisa Gengaro conservato da ISAL
No full textAttraverso l’approfondita analisi dei taccuini e dei diari di viaggio manoscritti di Maria Luisa Gengaro, l’autore pone in evidenza il rigore e la passione con cui l’insigne storica dell’arte promuoveva la conoscenza e lo studio del patrimonio artistico presso i suoi studenti liceali, nel difficile anno 1942. In chiusura del saggio sono inoltre riportati alcuni passi salienti relativi agli appunti di viaggio redatti in forma dattiloscritta dagli studenti del Liceo Parini di Milano, anch’essi conservati all’interno del Fondo Gengaro.
Notebooks and travel diaries in the archivial collection Maria Luisa Gengaro, preserved by ISAL
The author analyses the notebooks and travel diaries manuscripts by Maria Luisa Gengaro, and describes the rigor and passion with which the eminent art historian promoted the understanding and study of the artistic heritage to her high school students, in the difficult year 1942. In closing, the essay also proposes some salient passages about a travel made by students of Liceo Parini in Milan in typewritten form,conservated in the Fondo Gengar
System architecture
No full textSolution Oriented Partnership is about the conception and development of solutions. More precisely: it is about industrialised, contextualised, sustainable solutions that are produced and delivered by networks of partners: the solution-oriented partnerships. It is also about a new idea of industrialization: an advanced industrialization with the capacity to bring a multiplicity of players together to collaborate in an effective way, with a view to sustainable objectives.
The book is organised in two parts: Themes, that discusses the nature of partner-based solutions, and Tools, that introduces methodological tools for their conception and development.
“System Architecture” is a chapter of the Themes and is focused on the ways to define system rules able to assure flexibility on one side and industrial production processes on the other side.
Partner-based solutions arises from the activity of a group of research centres and European enterprises, funded under the European Community 5th Framework Programme. This research, known as HiCS, Highly Customerised Solutions, coordinated by the author Luisa Collina, was an action research, the specific subject of which has been “food for people with reduced mobility”
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