1,721,070 research outputs found
Not Only Olfaction: The Nose, Protagonist of the Diversity and Individuality of the Human Face
No full textBesides being involved in respiratory and olfactory functions, the human nose presents the peculiar morphological and functional characteristics that have emerged during the evolution of the face and neural skull. In particular, following the nasalization process, i.e., the formation of the nasal bone bridge and the development of the nasal cartilage, it took the form of a triangular pyramid protruding on the median plane of the face, contributing to defining those physiognomic traits that make the face of each individual unique and unmistakable. This chapter examines the genetic, physiological and climatic factors that are at the origin of the evolution and morphological variability of the nose and face. It also considers the possible selective mechanisms of a cultural and social nature which may lead to the unforeseeable and peculiar combinations of physiognomic traits of the nose and face that are the basis of personal identity and individual recognition. Finally, it looks at the genes involved in the characterization of specific traits of the nose and face and how they are contributing to skull-facial reconstruction
Antropologia virtuale, geometria morfometrica e prototipazione rapida per la modellazione tridimensionale del cranio di Ferrante Gonzaga ai fini della ricostruzione facciale
No full textThree cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip on partially mummified human remains (Roccapelago, Modena, 18th Century): a study of palaeopathological indicators through direct analysis and 3D virtual models
No full textDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is caused by a delay in the development of the acetabular cavity, leading to an anomaly in the angle of the acetabular roof. As a result, the femoral head and the acetabular cavity do not interact normally. The identification of three cases of DDH among the remains discovered in the most recent unit from the crypt at Roccapelago (Modena, Italy) enabled us to discuss the presence of DDH in this region during the 18th century. All three cases are bilateral and Dunn class I, two have been identified as male and one as female. These DDH cases are very likely mainly due to mechanical factors such as the breech position of the foetus, perhaps associated with birth order. But given their overall similarity, they may also have resulted from the practice of swaddling new-borns. In addition, current data from the Italian Ministry of Health suggests that the incidence of DDH has remained stable in this region from the 18th century to the present. The ongoing study of remains from earlier units should bring a better understanding of the particular prevalence of DDH at Roccapelago
Technical note: Virtual reconstruction of a fragmentary clavicle.
No full textWe report a procedure for the virtual reconstruction of incomplete human bones applicable to skeletal remains from archaeological excavations or to reconstructive and prosthetic surgery. To test the procedure, we reconstructed a fragmented left clavicle on the basis of the contralateral clavicle. The procedure involved 3-D laser scanner acquisition of the left clavicle (complete but broken into two parts), the same manually reconstructed bone, and the intact right clavicle, which was mirror-imaged and used as a reference for the reconstruction of the whole left clavicle. Because it was not possible to recognize homologous anatomical landmarks, on the two reference models (a mirror-image copy of the right clavicle and the main fragment of the left), we identified three grids with an increasing number of corresponding landmarks, which constituted the framework of the deformation process. The three reconstructed digital models of the clavicle closely approximated the model of the original clavicle. They also showed that an increasing number of landmarks did not significantly improve the reconstructed model
Osservazioni e analisi scientifiche sulle teste di quattro briganti giustiziati a Ravenna nella seconda metà dell'Ottocento
No full textNell'estate del 2011 in seguito ad un nubifragio vennero ritrovate nell'Ospedale Civile di Ravenna le teste degli ultimi ghigliottinati risalenti al 1864.
La Direzione Generale AUSL in collaborazione con il Laboratorio di Antropologia del Dipartimento di Beni Culturali dell'Università di Bologna ha condotto una serie di studi ed analisi per ricostruire la storia e le vicende
The "Lost Caravaggio": a probable case of goiter in seventeenth-century Italy
No full textMost human cancers, including myeloma, are preceded by a precursor state. There is an unmet need for in vivo models to study the interaction of human preneoplastic cells in the bone marrow microenvironment with non-malignant cells. Here, we genetically humanized mice to permit the growth of primary human preneoplastic and malignant plasma cells together with non-malignant cells in vivo. Growth was largely restricted to the bone marrow, mirroring the pattern in patients with myeloma. Xenografts captured the genomic complexity of parental tumors and revealed additional somatic changes. Moreover, xenografts from patients with preneoplastic gammopathy showed progressive growth, suggesting that the clinical stability of these lesions may in part be due to growth controls extrinsic to tumor cells. These data demonstrate a new approach to investigate the entire spectrum of human plasma cell neoplasia and illustrate the utility of humanized models for understanding the functional diversity of human tumors
Monte Bibele : aspetti archeologici, antropologici e storici dell'insediamento preromano
No full textPier Luigi Dall'Aglio, Gianni Giusberti, Giorgio Gruppioni, Daniele Vitali, Monte Bibele : aspetti archeologici antropologici e storici dell'insediamento preromano, p. 155-182.
Nella media valle dell'Idice, nella zona di Monte Bibele (Monterenzio, Bologna) a partire dal 1972 ad oggi si è individuato e parzialmente scavato un villaggio d'altura, costituito da abitazioni e da aree di passaggio, organizzate secondo un progetto unitario, realizzato nel corso del IV sec. a.C. All'abitato va riferito un sepolcretto a rito misto non ancora del tutto esplorato. I materiali recuperati si datano fra la metà del IV e l'inizio del II secolo; abbondante è il vasellame a v.n. di produzione nord-etrusca (Volterra). Resta aperto il problema dell'attribuzione culturale del complesso archeologico che, anche a livello delle risultanze antropologiche, risulta piuttosto eterogeneo. Alcune iscrizioni etrusche, peraltro, consentono di riconoscere corne etrusca almeno una parte della popolazione.Dall'Aglio Luigi, Giusberti Gianni, Gruppioni Giorgio, Vitali Daniele. Monte Bibele : aspetti archeologici, antropologici e storici dell'insediamento preromano. In: Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Antiquité, tome 93, n°1. 1981. pp. 155-182
The plague of 1630 in Modena (Italy) through the study of parish registers
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to study the impact this disease had on the community in Modena during the epidemic in 1630 and highlight the real course of the disease that brought Modena and whole Europe to its knees in the 17th century. The investigation was carried out by transcribing and studying the parish certificates of death for the period 1625-1635. This study confirmed that the plague epidemic in Modena began as early as 1629, and then exploded in the most virulent form since the beginning of summer 1630 and reached its peak in August of the same year, when it caused about seven hundred victims
Antropologia virtuale, geometria morfometrica e prototipazione rapida per la modellazione tridimensionale del cranio di Ferrante Gonzaga ai fini della ricostruzione facciale
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