1,720,977 research outputs found
La certificazione ambientale: una nuova opportunità per le imprese florovivaistiche toscane
No full text
Scenari evolutivi del paesaggio toscano in relazione alla riforma della politica agricola comune: il caso della Val d’Orcia (SI)
No full textIl presente lavoro, partendo dall’ipotesi della stretta relazione esistente tra l’attività agricola e paesaggio pone alcune riflessioni sui possibili impatti che potranno verificarsi a seguito della recente riforma di medio termine della Politica Agricola Comune (PAC) sul “tipico” paesaggio della Val d’Orcia (SI) che, in relazione alla sua “reputazione”, ha assunto la valenza di vera e propria risorsa economica. Alla luce di tali considerazioni, nel paper si riporta una breve descrizione delle dinamiche che hanno portato all’attuale configurazione del paesaggio e, in relazione all’attuale assetto del sistema produttivo agricolo e ai risultati derivanti da un’indagine presso un campione rappresentativo degli attori (agricoltori, associazioni, istituzioni pubbliche, ecc.) che hanno influenza diretta sulla riproduzione del paesaggio stesso, si propone di introdurre uno strumento di regolazione delle dinamiche evolutive del paesaggio basato su un approccio di tipo partecipativo
Il ruolo dell’agricoltura nella costruzione del paesaggio in Val d’Orcia: un’analisi sulla percezione degli operatori locali
No full textNel presente lavoro, dopo aver brevemente ricostruito i principali fattori che hanno portato all’attuale assetto paesaggistico e tra i quali un ruolo determinante è stato esercitato dalle politiche agricole di garanzia, si riportano i risultati di un’indagine esplorativa - condotta attraverso focus-group e interviste ad agricoltori locali e testimoni privilegiati – che oltre a verificare il livello di percezione degli attori stessi sul ruolo rivestito dall’agricoltura nel produrre esternalità pubbliche (con particolare riferimento al paesaggio), ha voluto verificare il livello di consapevolezza sul ruolo assunto dall’agricoltura nel “costruire” il paesaggio della Val d’Orcia. Infine, l’indagine ha voluto verificare la presenza di un “clima” favorevole allo sviluppo di un percorso di riflessione tra gli attori locali al fine di individuare obiettivi e strumenti specifici per il mantenimento / la riproduzione di un paesaggio rurale sostenibile. Nell’ottica del presente lavoro, il termine paesaggio rurale sostenibile vuole definire un paesaggio che non deve esclusivamente rispondere ad esigenze di marketing territoriale concentrando l’attenzione su gli specifici caratteri estetici ed evocativi (Brunori et al., 2006) ma un paesaggio che diventa un elemento per promuovere una progettualità finalizzata al rafforzamento dell’identità delle comunità rurali locali e alla salvaguardia sia delle risorse ambientali nel suo complesso sia delle specifiche aspirazioni locali di sviluppo (Consiglio d’Europa, 2000)
Un modello di supporto alle decisioni per la definizione di politiche per il paesaggio rurale
No full textThe Role of Common Agricultural Policy in the Landscape Evolution: the Case Study of Val d'Orcia (Siena, Italy)
Full text linkIn the last years there is growing debate between agricultural economists on the role of agriculture to product positive ad negative externalities. The externalities are defined as pubblic goods or no-commodity outputs (Marangon, 2006; Daugstad et al., 2006; OECD, 2001; Brunori et al., 2006) and they need of specific regulation. In rural areas landscape is a typical example of externality because it is the result of agricultural activity and it changes with the agricultural change. At same time, landscape in specific territorial contexts can assume historic, cultural, social and economic value, so that it could become a strategic resource for local development politics (Brunori et al, 2006).
The decupling and cross-compliance introduced by the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the increasing demand of environmental goods by citizen/consumers are elements of novelty that will modify farms in next years. In particular, CAP reform could lead to farm externalisation of activity or suspension of business in many rural areas with important socio-economic and environmental impacts as, for example, on landscape.
In Val d’Orcia, as in other Tuscany rural areas, landscape assumes the role of economic resource because it attracts tourists and is utilised to promote the territory (landscape as a “business card”). This is in connection with the rural configuration of the landscape and the high concentration of architectonic and artistic goods. To remember, for example, the UNESCO recognition in 2004 as “Val d’Orcia cultural landscape”. At same time, if this landscape is an important points of strength of the local economy, it shows also environmental fragility (biodiversity reduction, soli erosion, etc.) that they need specific actions.
In agreement with art.1 of European Landscape Convention (European Council, 2000) where is affirmed that “Landscape means an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors”, this work shows the results of a survey developed in Val d’Orcia with this objectives:
• to identify the driving forces that have leaded to the current landscape in Val d’Orcia to start to 1970th;
• to try to define the possible landscape evolution in relationship with the novelty introduced by the CAP reform;
• to suggest specific actions to drive the landscape evolution in the direction of a “sustainable rural landscape” where landscape is an element to strengthen the identity of local rural community, to promote local sustainable development and to safeguard environmental resources in their complex (European Council, 2000)
A DSS model for the governance of sustainable rural landscape: A first application to the cultural landscape of Orcia Valley (Tuscany, Italy)
Full text linkThere is a growing interest on landscape and landscape policy and planning, especially since the adoption of the European Landscape Convention in 2000. This latter defines landscape as "an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors". In the case of rural landscape, this means that an appropriate governance model should not only involve local stakeholders in a participative approach, but also take into account natural characteristics, cultural aspects of the past and present, and socio-economic aspects, since agriculture is the main driver of change for rural landscapes. Farm strategies are influenced by internal and by external factors, these latter being related to market conditions and to constraints and opportunities given by policies. Market globalization and Agricultural policies are consequently having a strong impact on landscape, that public institutions try to neutralise setting rules about landscape conservation. Thus, due to its specific features, landscape is impacted both by several sectorial and territorial policies which have none or very low coordination among them. Indeed, Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has often shown a negative influence on landscape, also in the case of Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES) intended to promote landscape. In this framework, the aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive model for the governance of rural landscape and a first simplified application to a cultural landscape. This model is based on the integration of a geographical multi-criteria analysis, an advanced GIS-based geo-processing tools, and participatory techniques aiming to understand and foresee local stakeholders' behaviours through focus-groups and dedicated interviews. The identification of future landscape scenarios is based on the integration of past evolution (historical analysis), landscape sensitivity (territorial analysis) and farmers' adaptation to market and policy changes (farm analysis). A simplified version of the model was tailored and tested in the municipality of Castiglione d'Orcia of the Siena province in Tuscany, Italy, one of the UNESCO cultural landscapes, but is the Authors' opinion that its approach
A DSS Model for the Governance of Sustainable Rural Landscape
No full textРезюме. В данной статье представлена модель, созданная на основе интеграции географического многофакторного анализа и современных инструментов гео-обработки, основанной на ГИС,
направленных на выявление эволюционных путей фермерских хозяйств и сельскохозяйственного ландшафта. Модель интегрирует информацию о природных особенностях, культурных аспектах прошлого и настоящего, и социально-экономических аспектах развития хозяйств, поскольку
сельское хозяйство является главным фактором изменений сельского ландшафта. На сельскохозяйственные стратегии влияют не только внутренние, но и внешние факторы, такие, как рыночные условия и политика, которые являются движущей силой изменений ландшафта, в то время
как политика может также реагировать на проблемы сохранения и улучшения ландшафта.
Определение сценариев развития будущего ландшафта основывается на интеграции прошлых
изменений, чувствительности ландшафта и способности фермеров адаптироваться к изменениям
рынка и политики. Первая версия модели была специально разработана и проверена в муниципалитете Кастильон д'Орча (Тоскана, Италия), принадлежащий к одному из самых известных
культурных ландшафтов ЮНЕСКО в Италии.This paper presents a model based on the integration of a geographical multi-criteria analysis and advanced GIS-based geo-processing tools aiming at identifying farms' and rural landscape's evolutionary paths. The model integrates information about natural characteristics, cultural aspects of the past and present, and socio-economic aspects of farms, since agriculture is the main driver of change for rural landscape. Farm strategies are influenced by internal factors but also by external factors, such as market conditions and policies; which both are drivers of landscape changes, while policies could have also the role of response to problems of landscape maintenance and improvement. The identification of future landscape scenarios is based on the integration of past evolution, landscape sensitivity and farmers' adaptation capacity to market and policy changes. A first version of the model was tailored and tested in the Municipality of Castiglion d'Orcia (Tuscany, Italy), belonging to one of the most well known UNESCO cultural landscape of Italy
- …
