1,720,972 research outputs found
International Commission on Trichinellosis: Recommendations on the use of serological tests for the detection of Trichinella infection in animals and humans
Full text linkSerological methods are widely used for detection of infections in animals and humans. The recommendations provided here take into account the best current methods for the serological detection of Trichinella infection. They are based on current scientific information including unpublished data from laboratories with relevant expertise in this field. These recommendations represent the official position of the International Commission on Trichinellosis (ICT) regarding acceptable methods for the use and interpretation of serology testing for Trichinella infection in animals and humans. The ICT does not recommend use of serological methods for testing individual carcasses of food animals at slaughter for assuring food safety. For detection of human infections, for epidemiological studies in animals and humans, and for monitoring Trichinella infection in swine, the ICT recommends ELISA using excretory/secretory (ES) antigens. These antigens are obtained from the in-vitro maintenance of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. ES antigens are recognized by sera from hosts infected by all Trichinella species and genotypes identified thus far. In most situations, positive results obtained by ELISA should be confirmed by western blot. Serological assays should be properly standardized and validated for their intended purpose. The components of the test that are critical for maintaining suitable performance should be identified and appropriately checked. Users of commercial tests should verify that the test has been adequately evaluated by an independent body. Only commercial tests properly validated should be used. Serology is useful for detecting Trichinella in animals and humans but its limitations need to be taken into account when interpreting the results
The translational immunology of trichinellosis: from rodents to humans.
No full textTrichinellosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the parasitic nematodes
belonging to the Trichinella genus.
In this review we describe some aspects of the host immunity to the different species of
Trichinella in humans, as well as in rodents which are one of the most studied
experimental models. The role of humoral (antibodies) and cellular (T cells, mast cells,
eosinophils and neutrophils), immune responses to this nematode will be considered in
experimental as well as in human infections. Particular attention will be paid on the
possibility to exploit such knowledge to improve the diagnostic possibilities of
infection. Immunopathological aspects of infection will also be considered.
Finally, the evasion mechanisms of host immune responses exploited by Trichinella and
the vaccination perspectives for control will be elucidated
ANAPHYLACTIC RESPONSE TO PARASITE ANTIGENS: IgE AND IgG1 INDEPENDENTLY INDUCE DEATH IN TRICHINELLA INFECTED MICE
No full textThe sequence of the gene coding for the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein for the diagnosis and vaccine development
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Severe, protracted intestinal cryptosporidiosis associated with interferon γ deficiency: Pediatric case report
No full textWe describe a human immunodeficiency virus-negative infant with chronic intractable diarrhea due to Cryptosporidium parvum; he had a history of significant weight loss since the second week of life. A preliminary study of his immune function was negative for primary immunodeficiency. To further study his immune function, proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was elicited by crude antigenic extract from C. parvum oocysts (CCE). Supernatants of CCE-stimulated PBMCs contained interleukin 10 but not interferon γ (IFN-γ), while PBMCs from a control (a 2-year-old immunocompetent infant who had recovered from cryptosporidiosis) showed a strong response to IFN-γ when stimulated with CCE. These results stress the role of IFN-γ in recovery from cryptosporidiosis
Nucleotide sequences coding for Cryptosporidium proteins, polypeptides coded by said sequences and kits for the use thereof
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