4 research outputs found
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND INCOME INEQUALITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
No full textThe objective of this study is to analyze the effect of financial development on income inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike previous work on African countries, we adopt a non-linear approach using the Panel Smooth Transition (PSTR) model. Our panel is composed of 17 sub-Saharan African countries with a period ranging from 1980 to 2018. Data were extracted from various sources. The results suggest an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial development and income inequality. Facilitating access to credit could enable historically marginalized segments of the population to participate fully in the economy. The non-linear inverted-U effect shows that increasing financial development can lead to greater equality. Furthermore, the significant effects of urbanization, economic growth and inflation on income inequality show that financial development measures need to be supported by good urban planning, sustained economic growth and inflation control
Détermination de la Taxation Optimale au Mali : le Rôle de la qualité des Institutions.
No full textRésumé:
L’objectif de la présente étude est de modéliser le taux optimal de la taxation au Mali en prenant en compte la qualité des institutions durant la période 1988-2011. Les résultats de l’estimation, conduite par le modèle de Scully (1996, 2003), fait ressortir que le taux optimal d’imposition est de 16,1 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut) dans ce pays. Ce taux est supérieur au taux appliqué en 2021 et qui s’établit à 12,76 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut). S’agissant de la contribution de la qualité des institutions dans la détermination de l’optimum fiscal, nos résultats révèlent que la prise en compte de ces variables élève le niveau de la taxation optimale. En outre, sans l’intégration des variables institutionnelles dans le modèle économétrique, la taxation optimale s’établie à 13,25 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut). Notre étude confirme bien l’hypothèse selon laquelle une taxation élevée réduit l’assiette fiscale et décourage la croissance économique. La pression fiscale au Mali est qualifiée de faible.
Mots clés : Taxation, Pression fiscale, Laffer, Scully, Modélisation. Institutions, Qualité
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to model the optimal tax rate in Mali considering the quality of institutions during the period 1988-2011. The results of the estimation, conducted by the Scully model, show that the optimal tax rate is 16.1 % of GDP (Gross domestic product), which is higher than the rate applied in 2021 which is 12.76 % of GDP (Gross domestic product). Regarding the contribution of the quality of institutions to the determination of the optimal tax rate, our results show that taking these factors into account raises the level of optimal taxation. Moreover, without the integration of institutional variables, the optimal taxation is 13.25 % of GDP (Gross domestic product). Our study confirms the hypothesis that high taxation reduces the tax base and discourages economic growth. The tax burden in Mali is described as low.
Keywords: Taxation, Tax pressure, Laffer, Scully, Modelling, Institutions, Quality.Résumé:
L’objectif de la présente étude est de modéliser le taux optimal de la taxation au Mali en prenant en compte la qualité des institutions durant la période 1988-2011. Les résultats de l’estimation, conduite par le modèle de Scully (1996, 2003), fait ressortir que le taux optimal d’imposition est de 16,1 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut) dans ce pays. Ce taux est supérieur au taux appliqué en 2021 et qui s’établit à 12,76 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut). S’agissant de la contribution de la qualité des institutions dans la détermination de l’optimum fiscal, nos résultats révèlent que la prise en compte de ces variables élève le niveau de la taxation optimale. En outre, sans l’intégration des variables institutionnelles dans le modèle économétrique, la taxation optimale s’établie à 13,25 % du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut). Notre étude confirme bien l’hypothèse selon laquelle une taxation élevée réduit l’assiette fiscale et décourage la croissance économique. La pression fiscale au Mali est qualifiée de faible.
Mots clés : Taxation, Pression fiscale, Laffer, Scully, Modélisation. Institutions, Qualité
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to model the optimal tax rate in Mali considering the quality of institutions during the period 1988-2011. The results of the estimation, conducted by the Scully model, show that the optimal tax rate is 16.1 % of GDP (Gross domestic product), which is higher than the rate applied in 2021 which is 12.76 % of GDP (Gross domestic product). Regarding the contribution of the quality of institutions to the determination of the optimal tax rate, our results show that taking these factors into account raises the level of optimal taxation. Moreover, without the integration of institutional variables, the optimal taxation is 13.25 % of GDP (Gross domestic product). Our study confirms the hypothesis that high taxation reduces the tax base and discourages economic growth. The tax burden in Mali is described as low.
Keywords: Taxation, Tax pressure, Laffer, Scully, Modelling, Institutions, Quality
Financial development and income inequality in sub-Saharan African countries
No full textThe objective of this study is to analyze the effect of financial development on income inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike previous work on African countries, we adopt a non-linear approach using the Panel Smooth Transition (PSTR) model. Our panel is composed of 17 sub-Saharan African countries with a period ranging from 1980 to 2018. Data were extracted from various sources. The results suggest an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial development and income inequality. Facilitating access to credit could enable historically marginalized segments of the population to participate fully in the economy. The non-linear inverted-U effect shows that increasing financial development can lead to greater equality. Furthermore, the significant effects of urbanization, economic growth and inflation on income inequality show that financial development measures need to be supported by good urban planning, sustained economic growth and inflation control
