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Autopsy features in a newborn baby affected by a central congenital diaphragmatic hernia
No full textCongenital diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital malformation of the diaphragm, resulting in the herniation of the abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. The most common types of congenital diaphragmatic hernia are Bochdalek hernia (postero-lateral hernia), Morgagni hernia (anterior defect), and diaphragm eventration (abnormal displacement of part or all of an otherwise intact diaphragm into the chest cavity). Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a life-threatening pathology in infants, and a major cause of death due to pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. We present a fatal case of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn. At the autopsy, a central defect of the diaphragm was found, 8 × 5 cm in size, that led to a herniation of the small intestine, the right lobe of the liver, and the right adrenal gland into the thorax. An esophageal atresia was associated with the congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The lungs showed severe hypoplasia and atelectasia. Physicians should pay attention to a prenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in order to prevent newborn fatalities
Association between the intake of cocaine and a strong physical and emotional stress: a case report of a sudden death
Full text linkCocaine is a powerful sympathomimetic agent, that determines its effects either by inhibiting synaptic re-uptake of noradrenaline or through the direct stimulation of the release of catecholamines from the adrenal gland. Cocaine abuse is associated with various cardiovascular events including ventricular arrhytmias, systemic hypertension, myocardial infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy. These effects are independent of the dose and route of administration of the substance and can be noticeably enhanced by the synergistic action of factors such as stress, smoking and alcoholism. The case that we report has involved a 48 year old man, who died of acute myocardial infarction, which arose as the result of an intake of a large amount of cocaine and a strong physical and emotional stress
A traffic accident resulting in a degloving injury of the passenger: Case report and biomechanical theory
No full textSudden unexpected deaths due to intracranial meningioma: presentation of six fatal cases, review of the literature, and a discussion of the mechanisms of death
No full textDeaths due to meningiomas are routinely diagnosed in clinical practice because this neoplasm tends to present with the typical progression of neurological deficits. On the other hand, sudden unexpected deaths due to meningiomas are rarely described in the literature. The study presents six fatal cases of previously undiagnosed intracranial meningiomas from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office from 1998 to 2014. The most common explanation of the mechanism of sudden death due to intracranial neoplasms is a rapid increase in intracranial pressure produced by the mass effect of the neoplasm. Other mechanisms of death include acute intracranial and intratumoral hemorrhage, and benign neoplasms that grow in the vicinity of vital centers altering neural discharge in autonomic pathways leading to cardiac suppression or lethal arrhythmia. Forensic pathologists must keep in mind that sudden unexpected death caused by intracranial meningiomas, although extremely rare, may be encountered in the forensic setting
La responsabilità del medico in formazione specialistica tra partecipazione guidata e autonomia vincolata
No full textThe usefulness of post-mortem computed tomography in a crush asphyxia. An excessive enjoyed rave party resulting in a fatal sleep!
No full textPMCT (Post-mortem computed tomography) is a reliable diagnostic instrument for identification of body gas.
The corpse of a 28 years-old man was found under a car. According to the declaration of the owner of the car, he started the engine of the vehicle but it did not move with ease. Therefore, he alighted from the car and found an unresponsive man lying on the ground. According to the investigation, the victim had been at a rave party the night before, drinking a lot of alcohol.
A PMCT scan was performed before the traditional autopsy examination. On the report, multiple fractures were described, together with an anterior bilateral small to moderate pneumothorax and a diffuse subcutaneous emphysema of the upper anterior trunk. During autopsy, the specific test for pneumothorax was performed, showing a negative result.
The cause of death was determined to be a crush asphyxia due to the running over by the car, associated with traumatic injuries of the chest and a respiratory distress due to acute ethanol intoxication. The presence of vital signs clarified the fact that the victim was alive at the time of the trauma.
PMCT was of great help in identifying multiple fractures and also the presence and the amount of gas, even if moderate. Thanks to the PMCT we were able to clarify the mechanism of death and to identify signs of vitality (pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema), even before the autopsy examination. Autopsy confirmed the features observed by the radiological scans. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
A simple depressed skull fracture in an old man with Paget disease: forensic implications in a rare case
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