1,720,992 research outputs found
UTOPIA?
No full textAs new renewable energy sources will change the shape of our settlements? A moment of reflection.
It 's just that what you want to propose: a moment of collective reflection, which arises spontaneously from the moment you have the awareness that the city fossil has now begun its slow decline.
I would consider three elements:
− the steady growth of urban population (United Nations), leading in 2030 to reside in
cities over 60% of the population;
− awareness of the limits of non-renewable sources of groundlessness of an economy
based on the idea of unlimited growth;
− the strong two-way link connecting the city and Energy: Energy is the city in fact, a mouth (F.L.Wright) whose livelihood is tied to the energy flows into and out.
The whole history of the city could be reinterpreted on energy, linking the form of renewable energy use, and how to vary the latter, various consistently also the first (The Industrial Revolution - Coketowns, electricity - vertical city, Oil - horizontal city, telecommunications
networks - a city of bits) (P. De Pascali). If then the whole city, in its form and function depends on the availability in the area of energy infrastructure networks and, if they have a direct impact in its spatial form, and whether the current sources have a limit last more next, leaving room for new renewable sources and its technologies, as these will change the shape of the city? Taking as a given the technological apparatus, as these help to build the new eco-town? How it will change
the space, perception, models of housing? The city will host the inside taking an active role in energy production, or will have within its boundaries by creating new fields of energy? You will be able to protect the natural landscape from endless stretches of panels, or be appli policy MW?
These are questions still unanswered, which leads today to a more extensive discussion. Some large international studies have begun outlined some hypotheses for future sustainable city,
which resulted in the design, however, still leaves ample room for doubt as to what is really for urban sustainability, often reduced to simple incorporation of efficient buildings. Would it be possible, now try to re-read the relationship between settlement patterns and future energy sources through a new utopia which develop and resolve the relationship between new energy sources and possible urban configurations (L. Mumford ), help us to design a new “Citè post-Industrielle”
Concetti Chiave
No full textA partire dagli anni ‘70 -’80, il rapporto tra morfologia urbana e microclima locale è stato ampiamente affrontato nel dibattito scientifico internazionale (Givoni, Olgyvay, Oke, Owens, ecc.). Molti studi hanno dimostrato che le caratteristiche formali degli insediamenti influenzano fortemente le prestazioni dei principali parametri ambientali (velocità e direzione del vento, temperatura, umidità, radiazione solare, ecc.), determinando così contemporaneamente le caratteristiche climatiche della micro scala e le condizioni di comfort termico dello spazio. Le conseguenze di ciò non sono limitate alla qualità e alla vivibilità dello spazio, in base al grado di benessere raggiunto dall’uomo, ma influenzano l’equilibrio energetico generale della città e le sue esigenze
Genealogia
No full textQuesta parte del lavoro si concentra su un
argomento che è già stato discusso e pubblicato,
tuttavia la necessità di risalire a una
specie di genealogia della questione è ancora
strategica. Allo scopo di dimostrare che anche
se il termine sostenibilità urbana è di per sé
nuovo l’intera questione non è, l’articolo
menzionato mirava a dimostrare la capacità
degli ingegneri romani antichi nel pianificare
un nuovo insediamento ottimizzando le condizioni
climatiche locali. Questo approccio può
essere facilmente considerato come una sorta
di proto microclimatologia urbana. Anche se
non è lo scopo di questo libro quello di approfondire
la ricerca storica sugli insediamenti
urbani romani, questo contributo esplora
l’approccio della civiltà antica romana al
disegno urbano - nelle primissime fasi del
processo - proprio dal punto di vista del clima.
Il metodo romano non è applicabile al giorno
d’oggi, tuttavia sottolinea l’importanza di un
approccio olistico che è stato trascurato nel
disegno contemporaneo
Genealogy
No full textThis chapter focuses on a topic that has
already been discussed and published;
nevertheless the need to trace a sort of
genealogy is still strategic. In order to
demonstrate that, even if the term urban
sustainability might be relatively new, the
issue is not; the aforementioned publication
sought to demonstrate the ability
of ancient Roman engineers to plan new
settlements by optimizing local climatic
conditions. This approach can be easily
considered a sort of proto-urban microclimatology.
Even if is not the purpose of this
book to provide in-depth historic research
on Roman urban settlements, this chapter
explores the approach of ancient civilizations
to urban design in the very early steps
of the process from a climate perspective.
The Roman approach is not applicable
today; nevertheless it highlights the importance
of a holistic approach that has been
neglected in more current times
Key Concepts
No full textFrom the 1970s-80s on, the relationships
between urban morphology and local
microclimate have been widely tackled in
the international scientific debate (Givoni,
Olgyvay, Oke, Owens, etc.). Many studies
have demonstrated that the formal characteristics
of urban settlements strongly affect
the performance of the key environmental
parameters (wind speed and direction,
temperature, humidity, solar radiation, etc.),
thus simultaneously determining climatic
features on the micro-scale and thermal
comfort conditions of a given space. The
consequences are not limited to the quality
and liveability of a space, according to the
degree of well being, but affect the overall
energy balance of a city and its needs
Practices
No full textIn the previous chapters, we illustrated the
direct relationship between urban form and
local microclimate. This mutual influence
has largely been ascertained; it can significantly
affect building performance in terms
of comfort and energy consumption (Carmeliet
et al., 2013; Blocken, 2012; Steemers et al.,
2006; Ratti et al., 2006; Givoni, 1998). These
studies have also highlighted the importance
of broadening design to include the urban
dimension (De Pascali, 2008; Fraker, 2013).
During the 1970s, the EU commission stated
that urban design was the appropriate tool
for achieving sustainability goals. Current
‘sustainable urban design’ is characterized
by the complex contribution of different disciplines.
This interdisciplinary perspective and
the need for incorporating external contributions
has led to updated design approaches
while maintaining architecture at the core
of the process. The Monserrato master plan
tests a methodology that integrates environmental
data and analyses, starting with
the initial design phases. Such software as
Heliodon and ENVImet, which acted as useful
‘feedback’ tools to verify –qualitatively - the
environmental impact of the design concept,
supported the design process
Pioneers
No full textAs illustrated in the previous chapter, the
history of environmental design finds its
roots in the ancient essays by such Latin
authors as Varrone, Columella, Cato, and
Vitruvius and in common Roman planning
practice that was primarily rediscovered
during the Renaissance. L.B. Alberti’s urban
theories, contained in De Re Aedificatoria,
based mainly on Vitruviuan principles, influenced
planning in the fifteenth century,
pointing out local microclimatic characteristics.
According to Benevolo, European
colonies in American territories are the
most significant urban planning examples
from the sixteenth century. New cities
employed an urban grid usually defined by
square blocks. In 1573, Philip II codified this
model into the first town planning act of the
modern era. The law included some recommendations
for protecting the public square
from prevailing winds, confirming the Roman
approach described in the previous chapter
Pionieri
No full textCome anticipato nel capitolo precedente,
la storia del design ambientale trova le sue
radici nei saggi di autori latini antichi come
Varrone, Columella, Catone e Vitruvio e nella
pratica di pianificazione comune dei Romani
che fu riscoperta principalmente durante il
Rinascimento. Le teorie urbane di Alberti,
contenute in “De Re Aedificatoria”, che erano
basate principalmente sui principi di Vitruvio,
influenzarono l’esperienza progettuale del XV
secolo, focalizzando l’attenzione sulle caratteristiche
microclimatiche locali. Secondo
Benevolo, le colonie europee nei territori
americani sono gli esempi di pianificazione
urbana più significativi del sedicesimo secolo.
Le nuove città impiegavano la griglia urbana,
solitamente definita da isolati quadrati.
Questo modello fu codificato da Filippo II
nel 1573 nel primo atto urbanistico dell’era
moderna. La legge includeva alcune raccomandazioni
per proteggere la piazza pubblica
dai venti dominanti, confermando l’approccio
romano che è stato già descritto nel capitolo
precedente
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