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A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
Gibbs, David (2014): A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto. Zootaxa 3799 (1): 1-85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.
Usia (Micrusia) Evenhuis 1990
Subgenus Micrusia Evenhuis, 1990 Micrusia Evenhuis, 1990: 38 (as subgenus of Usia Latreille). Type species: Usia forcipata Brullé, 1833, by original designation. Included species:Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2011, 2960, pp. 1-77 in Zootaxa 2960 on page 2
The use of synthetic clay to enhance fracture healing and bone regeneration
Fractures are extremely common and can take months to heal. Bone graft material is used to stimulate healing and fill voids in reconstructive surgery. Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) has been used clinically to stimulate fracture healing and arthrodesis; however inefficient delivery methods necessitated the use of high doses which resulted in significant side effects. Materials currently used for bone grafting such as: autograft, allograft and synthetic bone products all have significant limitations. These studies have investigated the ability of Laponite, a synthetic clay, to facilitate growth factor delivery to enhance fracture healing and improve the osteogenicity of graft material produced using additive manufacture. Initial studies culturing cells with Laponite demonstrated the biocompatibility of this material. Subsequently, the ability of Laponite to deliver and localise active growth factor was shown using Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and Myoblast cell cultures. Feasibility of combining Laponite with Additive Manufacturing techniques to produce bone graft material was assessed in vitro. In murine studies Laponite was observed to enhance the osteogenic effect of BMP applied to allograft and, furthermore, reduce the dose of BMP required to mediate ectopic bone formation within collagen sponge. Finally, in an ovine femoral defect Laponite was observed to convey active BMP. The in vitro and in vivo evidence for the ability of Laponite to deliver BMP presented in this thesis demonstrates the exciting potential of Laponite to accelerate fracture healing and enhance the osteogenicity of graft material
Fig. 68. Usia grisea Efflatoun, 1945 in A world review of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) - Part 3: Parageron Paramonov s. lat.
Fig. 68. Usia grisea Efflatoun, 1945, habitus, Smithsonian Institution Archives. Image SIA2012-7883.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2023, A world review of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) - Part 3: Parageron Paramonov s. lat., pp. 1-162 in European Journal of Taxonomy 863 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.863.2081, http://zenodo.org/record/776795
FIGURE 16 in A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
FIGURE 16. ♀ U. similis (left) & U. aenea (right) frons dorsally.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2014, A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3799 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28609
A world review of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) - Part 3: Parageron Paramonov s. lat.
Gibbs, David (2023): A world review of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) - Part 3: Parageron Paramonov s. lat. European Journal of Taxonomy 863 (1): 1-162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.863.2081, URL: http://zoobank.org/10981377-cce7-4487-a415-4e409e55a50
FIGURE 2 in A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
FIGURE 2. ♂ U. crinipes head and mesonotum.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2014, A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3799 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28609
FIGURE 21 in A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
FIGURE 21.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2014, A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3799 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28609
FIGURE 20 in A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
FIGURE 20. ♀ U. accola anterior slope of mesonotum.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2014, A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3799 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28609
FIGURE 22 in A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto
FIGURE 22.Published as part of Gibbs, David, 2014, A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3799 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28609
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