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Structure and molecular organisation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle fibers
No full textActivation of muscle contraction is a rapid event that is initiated by depolarization of the plasma membrane and transverse (T) tubules, which following transduction in the interior of the muscle cell, activate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Pioneer studies using electron microscopy defined the organization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the details of the junctions between sarcoplasmic reticulum and T tubules, which are essential for translating the electrical signal on the plasma membrane to calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Molecular biology and biochemistry studies have revealed the presence of several proteins located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, some of which participate together with the ryanodine receptors to the assembly of a large multi-protein complex, while others, like the calcium pumps, have independent localization and activities. As a whole, the current view of this system contemplates the existence of a high level of structural organization in the sarcoplasmic reticulum with respect to the localization of ryanodine receptors and other proteins. In this review we shall summarize studies on the expression and possible functional significance of the ryanodine receptor type 3 in mammalian skeletal muscles and recent studies aimed to dissect the mechanisms that establish the organization of the SR in striated muscles
Clinical and serological associations of ribosomal P autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: prospective evaluation in a large cohort of Italian patients: reply
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Colchicine, an anti-rheumatic agent, as a potential compound for the treatment of COVID-19
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Unmasking the anti-inflammatory cytochine response in rheumatoid synovitis
No full textIn RA, synovial CD30+ cells would be part of the Th2‐type response acting as a homeostatic mechanism to counterbalance the proinflammatory events driven by Th1‐type cells/cytokines. They would exert their anti‐inflammatory activity through the synergistic action of IL‐4 and IL‐10. The possibility of evaluating such activity by simply measuring the levels of circulating sCD30, in all phases of the disease (relapse, remission) and in response to therapy, may offer better insight into the mechanisms involved in controlling disease evolution
Being a rheumatologist and a patient with a rheumatic disease today: A perspective at the time of COVID-19
No full textCardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sjögren's syndrome: results of a population-based multicentre cohort study.
Full text linkCardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sjögren's syndrome: results of a population-based multicentre cohort study.
Bartoloni E1, Baldini C, Schillaci G, Quartuccio L, Priori R, Carubbi F, Bini V, Alunno A, Bombardieri S, De Vita S, Valesini G, Giacomelli R, Gerli R.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Systemic autoimmune diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by a high risk of premature cardiovascular (CV) events. Disease-related characteristics and traditional CV disease risk factors may contribute to atherosclerotic damage. However, there are limited data on the risk of overt CV events in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).
METHODS:
We retrospectively analysed a cohort of patients with 1343 pSS. Disease-related clinical and laboratory data, traditional CV disease risk factors and overt CV events were recorded. Prevalence of traditional CV disease risk factors and of major CV events was compared between a subgroup of 788 female patients with pSS aged from 35 to 74 years and 4774 age-matched healthy women.
RESULTS:
Hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia were more prevalent, whereas smoking, obesity and diabetes mellitus were less prevalent, in women with pSS than in control subjects. Cerebrovascular events (2.5% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.005) and myocardial infarction (MI) (1.0% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.002) were more common in patients with pSS. In the whole population, central nervous system involvement (odds ratio (OR) 5.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-23.7, P = 0.02) and use of immunosuppressive therapy (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.04-3.70, P = 0.04) were associated with a higher risk of CV events. Patients with leucopenia had a higher risk of angina (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS:
pSS is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events and MI. Disease-related clinical and immunological markers may have a role in promoting CV events.
© 2015 The Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine.
KEYWORDS:
Sjögren's syndrome; atherosclerosis; autoimmune disease; cardiovascular disease risk factor
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