466 research outputs found
Rabbit's preference for cages and pens with or without mirrors
No full textFive week-old Pannon White rabbits were housed in a closed climatized rabbitry and randomly
assigned to pens (56 rabbits) having a basic area of 1 m2 with a stocking density of 16 and 12
rabbits/m2 or to 18 individual cages (0.24 m2; 1 rabbit/cage; stocking density of 4 rabbits/m2). The
pens and the cages were divided into 2 parts and animals could move freely among the 2 parts through
swing doors. The vertical sides of one part of the pens and cages were completely covered with
mirrors while the other part was covered with white plastic panels. A 24 hour video recording was
performed twice a week using infrared cameras and the number of rabbits in each pen and cage was
counted with a frequency of 15 minutes (96 times a day). The duration of the trial was 6 weeks. The
lighting period was 16L/8D. Rabbits were fed ad libitum a standard diet and water was available ad
libitum from nipple drinkers. Throughout the entire rearing period 67% of the individually caged
rabbits showed a preference for the part of the cage enriched with mirrors (P<0.001). This preference
slightly decreased with increasing age. The strong preference toward the part of the cage provided
with mirror walls was independent of the time of day. That is, during the active period (11:00 pm –
05:00 am), which corresponds to the dark part of the day, rabbits still preferred the mirror-side even
though they were not able to see their own reflected image at that time. Neither rearing rabbits in
groups under different stocking densities (12 vs. 16 rabbits/m2) nor the presence of conspecifics
reduced the interest toward mirrors. 65% of animals living at the stocking density of 16 rabbits/m2 and
61% of those living at the density of 12 rabbits/m2 were found on the side with mirrors (P<0.001)
during all the recordings. Group-penned rabbits showed a decisive preference toward mirrors during
the active period (71 to 74% for stocking densities of 12 and 16 rabbits/m2, respectively; P<0.001).
The results suggest that the mirrors’ presence offers some advantages, perhaps related to comfort and
welfare that could be used as environmental enrichments for fattening rabbits. However, the
installation costs should be taken into account before considering their use for long time individually
caged animals and for group-penned rabbits
Effect of adult weight and CT-based selection on rabbit meat quality
No full textThis study compared the meat quality of different genotypes. Maternal (M; adult weight/AW/=4.0-4.5kg; selected for the number of kits born alive), Pannon White (P; AW=4.3-4.8kg) and Large type (L; AW=4.8-5.4kg) rabbits were analysed. P and L genotypes were selected for carcass traits based on CT/Computer tomography/data. Rabbits were slaughtered at 11wk of age and hindleg (HL) meat and M. Longissimus dorsi (LD) were analysed for proximate composition and fatty acid (FA) profile. Proximate composition was unaffected by the selection programme, even though the meat of P rabbits was leaner and had higher ash content (P<0.10). The LD meat of P rabbits exhibited significantly lower MUFA contents compared to M and L rabbits (25.4 vs 28.0 vs 27.7%; P<0.01) and higher PUFA content compared to M rabbits (31.9 vs 24.9%; P<0.05). This study revealed that long-term CT-based selection is effective in increasing meat leanness and PUFA content
Behaviour of growing rabbits under various housing conditions
No full textThe aim of this research was to assess the effects of environmental variables (group size, stocking density, floor type, environmental enrichment) on behaviour - as a welfare indicator - of growing rabbits. Two experiments were carried out with Parmon White rabbits. In experiment 1, 5-week-old rabbits (n = 112) were placed in cage blocks (2 m(2)) with a stocking density of 16 or 12 rabbits/m(2). The cages (0.5 m(2)) differed in the floor type (wire or plastic net) and in the presence or absence of gnawing sticks (white locust). The animals could move freely among the four cages through swing doors. Infrared video recording was performed once a week, the number of rabbits in each cage was counted every half an hour (48 times/day) during the 24 h video recording. Between ages 5 and 11 weeks the rabbits showed a preference towards the plastic net floor (16 rabbits/m(2), 62.5%; 12 rabbits/m(2), 76:5%; P < 0.001). Gnawing stick application significantly affected cage preference: 54.1% (16 rabbits/m(2)) or 53.1% (12 rabbits/m(2)) of the rabbits choose the enriched cages (P < 0.001). In experiment 2, the 5-week-old rabbits were placed either in cages (2 rabbits/0.12 m(2), n = 72) or pens (13 rabbits/0.86 m(2), n = 104) with 16 rabbits/m(2). The floor types were wire or plastic net, with the presence or absence of gnawing sticks on the walls. Video recordings were made at 6.5 and 10.5 weeks of age between 11:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. and between 11:00 p.m. and 05:00 a.m. Compared to cages, the rabbits housed in pens spent less time with resting (58% versus 67%) and more time with locomotion (6.7% versus 3.8%) but the frequency of aggressive behaviour (measured by the number of ear lesions) was also higher (0.14% versus 0.01%). In pens the application of gnawing sticks significantly decreased the frequency of ear injuries (0.05% versus 0.22%). The floor type did not affect any behavioural pattern (eating, drinking, movement, resting, comfort, social, investigatory) significantly. The main results showed that growing rabbits have a preference for plastic net floor and cages provided with gnawing sticks. The resting, locomotive and aggressive behaviour was modified by the housing system and the presence of gnawing sticks decreased the frequency of physical injuries
Effect of genotype on productive and carcass traits of rabbits.
No full textThe objective of the study was to evaluate the production and carcass traits of growing rabbits when Pannon White does were inseminated with sires of different size selected for different directions. Pannon White does (n=80), were inseminated with sperm of maternal line (M), Pannon White (P), sire line (L), Hycole terminal sire line (H) bucks. Rabbits were weaned at the age of 35 days (n = 128), housed by twos then at the end of the experiment (at the age of 78 days) they were slaughtered. Progeny of the H bucks had the highest weight gain, feed consumption and body weight (at the age of 11 weeks). Worst results were found for the M and P groups. No differences were found for feed conversion ratio. The P rabbits had the best dressing out percentage highest ratio of the hind carcass part and ratio of the m. Longissimus dorsi. The worst slaughter performance, was shown by the H group. Based on the results it can be concluded that production traits (body weight, feed consumption, weight gain) were determined by the adult weight of the sires. On the contrary for the slaughter performance the effect of CT-aided selection was manifested. As a results of thigh muscle volume selection the hind carcass part ratio and the meat-to-bone ratio of the P rabbits improved
Effect of dam and sire genotypes on productive and carcass traits of rabbits
No full textThe aim of the experiment was to study the effect of dam and sire genotypes on the production and slaughter performance of growing rabbits. The experiment was carried out at Kaposvar University. Pannon White (PW) and maternal line (M) does were inseminated with the sperm of PW, M, large body line (LB), terminal line of Hycole hybrid (H), or colored line (CL) bucks. The mature body size of the M, PW, and CL genotypes was medium. The mature body size of the LB and H genotypes was large. Only PW and LB rabbits were selected for carcass traits based on computer tomograph (CT) scanning data. The rabbits (n = 320) were weaned at the age of 5 wk and housed in a closed climate-controlled rabbitry in wire cages. Rabbits were fed ad libitum a commercial pellet. Rabbits were slaughtered at 78 d of age. Daily BW gain (5.7%, P < 0.001) and G: F (6.2%, P < 0.001) of the progeny of PW does were better than those of the progeny of the M does. The weight of the chilled carcass and body parts was greater for the progeny of the PW does (P < 0.001). The ratio of the hind part compared with the reference carcass was greater in the PW group (P < 0.001); however, the ratio of the fore part was greater in the M group ( P < 0.05). Examining the effect of the genotype of the sires, the BW and daily BW gain were greater in groups H and LB, whereas the progeny of M and CL sires were inferior ( P < 0.05). Body weights at 11 wk of age were H: 2,918 g, LB: 2,793 g, PW: 2,678 g, CL: 2,636 g, and M: 2,585 g ( P < 0.001). Similar differences were found for daily feed intake ( P < 0.05). The G: F differed ( P < 0.05) significantly between groups H and CL. The weights of the chilled carcass and of the body parts were the greatest for the progeny of the H sires, and the smallest in the M group. The differences between the dressing out percentages of the groups were not significant. The ratio of the fore part was greater ( P < 0.05) in groups LB, H, and CL, but the ratio of the middle part was not different. The ratio of hind part related to the reference carcass was largest in progeny of PW and least in LB and CL groups ( P < 0.05). It was concluded that the production of growing rabbits was affected by the adult BW of their sires, but the carcass traits were influenced by their own adult BW and by the CT-based selection
Effect of genotype (Pannon Large and Hungarian Giant) on productive and carcass traits of growing rabbits
No full textThe aim of the experiment was to examine the effect of genotype on productive performance and carcass traits of
growing rabbits to get information about the value of the Pannon Large and Hungarian Giant rabbits. Pannon Ka
does were inseminated with semen of Pannon Large and Hungarian Giant bucks. The crossbred rabbits (PLarge
and HGaint; n=336) were weaned at 5 weeks of age. Half of them were housed in cages, the other half in pens.
Two subgroups were formed based on the feeding method. Only the effect of genotype was evaluated between 5
and 12 wk. Significant differences were found in body weight from 5 wk of age, in favour of PLarge rabbits. It
increased from 72 g at 5 wk to 235 g at 12 wk. Weight gain of PLarge rabbits was higher by 2.8 g/d between 5-
12 wk (P<0.001) compared to HGiant rabbits. The differences were significant in pellet intake by 15 g/d between
5-12 wk, with higher value in PLarge rabbits. The effect of genotype on feed conversion ratio and mortality was
not significant. Dressing out percentage of PLarge rabbits was 1.1-1.3 % better than that of HGiant rabbits.
Significant differences were found in carcass parts: the ratio of fore part to reference carcass was higher in
PLarge group than in HGiant rabbits, the ratio of hind part to reference carcass was higher in HGiant rabbits than
in PLarge group, however no significant difference was found in mid part of reference carcass. The ratios of fat
deposits were significantly larger in PLarge rabbits than in HGiant animals. It was concluded that Hungarian
Giant are worth to be reared as terminal bucks if higher price was paid for the farmers
The development strategy of company Ltd. "ZS Veģi"
No full textBakalaura darba tēma ir „Uzņēmuma SIA „ZS Veģi” attīstības stratēģija”. Izstrādājot stratēģiju, tiek apzinātas stiprās un vājās puses, saskatītas ārējās vides iespējas un draudi, izmantojot uzņēmuma rīcībā esošos resursus un prasmes.
Bakalaura darba mērķis ir, balstoties uz teoriju, izanalizēt uzņēmuma SIA „ZS Veģi” darbību un izstrādāt attīstības stratēģijas pilnveidošanas elementus.
Darbs sastāv no 3 nodaļām. Pirmajā nodaļā autore apskata stratēģijas definīcijas un tās elementus, 2. nodaļā - lauksaimniecības un graudkopības attīstību. Autore 3. nodaļā analizē uzņēmuma attīstības stratēģijas elementus. Nobeigumā tiek izdarīti secinājumi un priekšlikumi uzņēmuma attīstības stratēģijas uzlabošanā.
Darbs ir izstrādāts latviešu valodā. Tā apjoms ir 67 lapaspuses, izmantoti 28 literatūras avoti, iekļauti 18 attēli, 7 tabulas un 2 pielikumi.The title of Bachelor Thesis is „The development strategy of company Ltd. „ZS Veģi”. Creating strategy there are identified strengths and weaknesses, distinguished external opportunities and threats by using available resources and skills of the company.
The aim of Bachelor Thesis is to analyze company “ZS Veģi” and to create development strategy’s improvement elements.
The Bachelor Thesis is divided in 3 chapters. In the first chapter author reviews definitions of strategy and its elements, in the 2nd chapter - development of agriculture and grain farming. In the third part author analyses company’s development strategy’s elements. Finally, there is given conclusion and suggestions by author for the company about development strategies improvements.
The Bachelor Thesis is written in Latvian. It consists of 67 pages; there are used 28 literature sources. It includes 18 pictures, 7 tables, 2 attachments
Effect of adult weight and CT-based selection on carcass traits of growing rabbits
No full textThe aim of this study was to compare the carcass traits of different genotypes. Maternal line (M; n=31; adult weight/AW/4.0-4.5kg) (selected for number of kits born alive), Pannon White (P; n=32; AW: 4.3-4.8kg), and Large type line (L, n=32; AW: 4.8-5.4kg) (P and L were selected for carcass traits based on CT/Computer tomography/data) rabbits were analysed. Rabbits were slaughtered at 11 wk of age. P rabbits showed the highest dressing out percentage (M=60.2, P=61.3 and L=61.1%, with a significant difference between groups M and P, P<0.05), the lowest ratio of fore part (M=26.0, P=25.7 and L=26.9%, differences were significant between groups M-P and L, P<0.05), and the largest ratio of the hind part (M=37.3, P=38.2 and L=37.2%, differences were significant between groups M-L and P, P<0.05) to the reference carcass. It can be concluded that carcass traits were influenced by CT-based selection
Proses Kreatif Isbedy Stiawan ZS dan Implikasinya Pada Pembelajaran Apresiasi Puisi
No full textThe current research was describing Isbedy Stiawan ZS’ creative process, Isbedy Stiawan ZS’ sociology study, and the implication of the research result toward poetry appreciation in college. This research used qualitative descriptive. The primary data source is obtained directly from the research subject, Isbedy Stiawan. ZS, through the interview process. The Secondary data obtained from several books poetry. The result shows Isbedy’s creative process through 2 stages namely Isbedy’s creative process through imagination and travel. In the sociology of Isbedy's authorship, there are three elements that influence his work: namely livelihood, the intended society, and the sociology of the author. The result of the research implies into the fourth BC 4, that is includes the competency are explained the inner structure in poetry. Penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan proses kreatif Isbedy Stiawan ZS, menggambarkan studi sosiologi Isbedy Stiawan ZS, dan menggambarkan implikasi dari hasil penelitian terhadap apresiasi puisi di perguruan tinggi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data primer diperoleh langsung dari subjek penelitian adalah Isbedy Stiawan ZS melalui proses wawancara dan data sekunder diperoleh dari beberapa koleksi buku puisi oleh Isbedy Stiawan ZS mulai dari tahun 1984 hingga 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses kreatif Isbedy melalui 2 tahap yaitu Isbedy proses kreatif melalui imajinasi dan perjalanan. Dalam sosiologi kepengarangan Isbedy, ada tiga elemen yang sangat mempengaruhi karyanya, yaitu mata pencaharian, masyarakat yang dituju, dan sosiologi penulis. Penelitian ini menyiratkan hasil penelitian ke dalam Kompetensi Dasar keempat (BC 4), yaitu menjelaskan struktur batin yang membentuk puisi. Rincian materi yang mencakup kompetensi dijelaskan struktur dalam (tema dan pesan) dalam puisi.Kata Kunci: Proses Kreatif, Pembelajaran, Apresiasi Puisi
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