179,331 research outputs found
Mary C. Gentile Oral History, August 9, 2016
No full textOral history interview with Mary C. Gentile, Class of 1975, conducted by Dan Delmonaco of the W&M Mattachine Project for the Stephens Project
Storia e filosofia nel sistema di Giovanni Gentile
No full textIl saggio ripercorre le tappe attraverso le quali Giovanni Gentile ha elaborato il suo sistema filosofico come "filosofia dell'atto puro" e ha concepito il suo "sistema di logica". Tale ricostruzione è stata possibile ripercorrendo la sua produzione. Dal volume su La Riforma della dialettica hegeliana pubblicato nel 1913 si giunge al volume sulla Teoria generale dello spirito come atto puro del 1915, opera propedeutica al Sistema di logica come teoria del conoscere. Il primo volume del Sistema di logica come teoria del conoscere è stato pubblicato nel 1917, mentre il secondo nel 1923, anche se Gentile aveva terminato di scriverlo già nel 1921, quindi prima che si insediasse il Governo Mussolini, nell’ottobre del 1922
The pink land iguana from Galápagos: sources of risk
No full textConolophus marthae (Gentile and Snell, 2009) is endemic to Galápagos islands and is restricted to a single location (Volcan Wolf, Isabela Island), where it lives in sympatry with a population of C. subcristatus. Based on our data and from reports of the Galápagos National Park since 1986, the species has never been observed outside an area larger than 25 Km2. In recent works (Fulvo, 2010; Gentile and Fulvo, 2011), C. marthae’s effective population size has been estimated as large as 41.21 (30.71-67.97; min/max95%) by using microsatellite data. Mark-recapture data, by applying the Lincoln-Petersen method from two contiguous temporal samples in 2009 and 2010, would indicate 192 adult individuals left (155-260; min/max95%). Although rare and with no evidence of F1 hybrids, hybridization may occur (Gentile et al., 2009; Fulvo, 2010), generating introgression between C. marthae and C. subcristatus in volcano Wolf. Hybridization and introgression have not been fully evaluated, yet. In addition to the Galápagos hawk (Buteo galapagoensis), natural predator in volcano Wolf, black rats and feral cats play as introduced predators. In particular, feral cats prey on land iguanas up to three to four years old and are ineradicable from islands as large as Isabela (Nogales et al., 2004). Feral cats could pose a serious threat to C. marthae population recruitment. Further sources of risk, recommendations, and research needs are discussed
Start-up/Shut-Down MINLP Formulations for the Unit Commitment with Ramp Constraints
No full textIn [1 the first MIP exact formulation was provided that describes the convex hull of the solutions satisfying all the standard operational constraints for the thermal units: minimum up- and down-time, minimum and maximum power output, ramp (including start-up and shut-down) limits, general history-dependent start-up costs, and nonlinear convex power production costs. That formulation contains a polynomial, but large, number of variables and constraints. We present two new formulations with fewer variables defined on the shut-down period and computationally test the trade-off between reduced size and possibly weaker bounds.
[1] Bacci,T.,Frangioni,A.,Gentile,C.,Tavlaridis-Gyparakis,K.:NewMINLPformulationsfor the single-unit commitment problems with ramping constraints. http://www.optimization- online.org/DB HTML/2019/10/7426.html, submitted (2019
Giovanni Gentile tra filosofia e paideia
No full textNel ricordare le dinamiche cronologiche della sua attività
accademica da Palermo a Pisa e da Pisa a Roma, non si deve
incorrere nell’errore di ritenere che il sistema filosofico di Gentile possa
essere frazionato. Quando pubblica nel 1917 il primo volume
del "Sistema di logica come teoria del conoscere", sono trascorsi
dieci anni dalla presentazione della Prolusione su "Il concetto
della storia della filosofia"; venti anni dal conseguimento della
laurea con la tesi su "Rosmini e Gioberti". In tal modo Gentile
si qualifica come uomo di cultura, che nel tempo produce un
sistema non disgiunto dalla storia in genere e dalla storia della
filosofia in particolare. Al termine della sua esistenza, il "Sistema
di logica come teoria del conoscere" va posto a confronto con
"Genesi e struttura della società", per confermare che la filosofia
dell’atto puro presenta una valenza teorica e pratica non inficiata
dall’ideologia politica.In recalling the chronological dynamics of his academic activity from Palermo to Pisa and from Pisa to Rome, one must not fall into the error of believing that Gentile's philosophical system can be divided. When he published the first volume of the "System of Logic as a Theory of Knowledge" in 1917, ten years had passed since the presentation of the Inaugural Address on "The Concept of the History of Philosophy"; twenty years since he had obtained his degree with the thesis on "Rosmini and Gioberti". In this way, Gentile qualified himself as a man of culture, who over time produced a system not separated from history in general and from the history of philosophy in particular. At the end of his existence, the "System of Logic as a Theory of Knowledge" should be compared with "Genesis and Structure of Society", to confirm that the philosophy of the pure act has a theoretical and practical value not affected by political ideology
La riforma dell'idealismo tra Croce e Gentile
No full textLa polemica tra Benedetto Croce e Giovanni Gentile nelle pagine della rivista "La Critica
POPULATION GENETIC STRUCTURING IN ISOPODS: HISTORICAL AND ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS
No full textIsopods are crustaceans that show a wide adaptive radiation. They inhabit benthic marine and freshwater envi-ronments, are parasites of crustaceans and fishes, and have colonized terrestrial habitats. Isopods show an extraor¬dinary diversification in adaptations, coinciding with an equally diverse array of different degrees of stenoecy, char¬acterizing individual species. Among terrestrial isopods, trichoniscids show a very limited dispersal ability. This is mainly due to physiological constraints that necessitate them to inhabit humid edafic environments, and subterranean habitats. Results from genetic surveys have revealed that genetic variability in trichoniscids ranges in a wide spec¬trum, and a high degree of specific structure is often detectable (Gentile & Sbordoni, 1998; Gentile et al. 1998; Gentile & Allegrucci, submitted; Cobolli Sbordoni et al., 1997). Thus, trichoniscids are a valuable tool to study the inter- intrapopulation components of genetic variation, often allowing the researcher to detect the action of the different evolutionary factors as genetic drift, selection, and gene flow, separately. In this communication we discuss some case studies in which it has been possible to relate the genetic structure observed to historical and ecological factors.
Centile. C. & V. Sbordoni. 1998. Evolution 52: in press.
Gentile, G.. S. Sarbu, M. Menichetti 4 S. Galdenzi. 1998. In: H. Wilkens (ed.). Ecosystems of the World. In press.
Cobolli Sbordoni, M.. V. Ketmaier. E. De Matthaeis & S. Taiti. 1997. Heredity. 79: 463-472
Estado poblacional de las iguanas terrestres (Conolophus subcristatus, C. pallidus y C. marthae: Squamata, Iguanidae), Islas Galápagos.
No full textThree species of land iguanas exist in Galápagos, all belonging to the same genus Conolophus. Of these, C. pallidus (Heller 1903) is endemic to Santa Fe Island; C. subcristatus (Gray 1831) occurs in 11 sites in four islands, whereas C. marthae (Gentile and Snell, 2009) inhabits the northern-western slopes of volcan Wolf (Isabela, island), above 500 m o.s.l. Census surveys indicated that four C. subcristatus populations were extinct, two were seriously impacted by wild dogs and cats. One of the extinct populations was restored and at present all reproduce in situ. Populations were investigated in order to assess adaptability and survivorship of reintroduced juveniles. Mark-recapture methods, simulation models, records of mortality and predation were used. Conolophus subcristatus occurs in 11 sites, in four islands, whereas C. pallidus and C. marthae are strictly endemic to the inhabited localities. These priliminary estimates suggest that C. subcristatus population might be as large as about 11435 individuals, whereas C. pallidus could reach about 5016 individuals. Much less has been estimated for C. marthae, whose population is most likely not exceeding 545 individuals. Population estimates are correlated with densities. Seven C. subcristatus populations and C. marthae show lack of juveniles, which are in turn found in C. pallidus. Generally, with the exception of Plaza Sur and Fernandina where female outnumber males, sex-ratio is biased toward males. Natural mortality seems to be minimal in all species, but C. subcristatus and C. marthae are predated by feral cats and black rats. Although this study is based on a large body of data, results are still to be considered preliminary. In addition, several spotted populations of C. subcristatus have not been evaluated, yet
Conolophus marthae Gentile & Snell, 2009, new species
No full textConolophus marthae new species Galápagos pink land iguana Figs. 2–5 Holotype. A free-ranging adult male permanently branded with the number 117. A Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) with the number 091- 601 - 303 was hypodermically inserted in one of the posterior legs. The individual was captured and released approximately four km north of the Equator on the top of Volcan Wolf, Isla Isabela, Galápagos National Park, Ecuador (0.03792 ° N; 91.36324 °W, datum WGS 84, as recorded by a Garmin 12 CX handheld GPS). The individual was captured by A. Jaramillo on June 8 th 2006, blood was drawn by G. Gentile. Photos were shot by G. Gentile. Blood in lysis buffer voucher n. MCZRR 450 (as reported in the Genbank records FJ 716129 and FJ 716130) is hosted in the reptile collection (as specimen n. R 450) of the Civic Museum of Zoology (MCZR, Rome, Italy,). Original photo files, named as “Morphobank_m 27772.jpg” (Figure 2), “Morphobank_m 27773.jpg, Morphobank_m 27774.jpg, M o r p h o b a n k_m 2 7 7 7 5. j p g, M o r p h o b a n k _m 2 7 7 7 6. j p g, M o r p h o b a n k _m 2 7 7 7 7. j p g, a n d Morphobank_m 27778.jpg” (Figures 3 A, 3 B, 3 C, 3 D, 3 E, and 3 F, respectively), and the movie “Morphobank_m 27779.wmv” are included in a project titled as the present paper, hosted in Morphobank (http://www.morphobank.org). Such photos and video form a basis of the description and should be considered also as illustrating the type specimen, for purposes of Article 73.1. 4 of the Code (ICZN, 1999), but see also the paragraph “Notes added in proofs”. All material refers to the same individual (free ranging, with PIT number 091- 601 - 303), elected as Holotype. Diagnosis. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. is distinguished from C. pallidus and C. subcristatus by the following color pattern: pinkish head, pinkish and black (dark) body and legs, with a typical black-striped pattern on the mid to posterior dorsal body; stripes are along the dorsal-ventral axis, may be irregular and their number variable; stripes may join to form a more complex pattern; stripes occur on the ventral body, but are less evident; dark tail. Other distinctive, but slightly variable morphological traits co-occur in males: i) adipose nuchal crest with small or reduced conic scales, ii) poorly elevated (pyramid-shaped) or almost flat dorsal head scales. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. is also distinguished from the other two congeneric species by a distinctive pattern of head-bob behavior (Fig. 6, see Morphobank accession code: p 241). The new species is unequivocally distinguished from C. pallidus and C. subcristatus by the several diagnostic sites in the sequence of the control region and cytochrome b gene of the mtDNA, reported in Table 1, and by a completely different, non overlapping, size-range of alleles at the microsatellite locus CS 7 (Tzika et al., 2008; Gentile et al. 2009). Alleles at locus CS 7 range between 245 and 333 bases (as defined in Gentile et al. 2009). Description of Holotype in life. Sex: Male Age: Adult Weight: 5.0 Kg. Morphological measurements: SVL: 47.0 cm; VTL: 61.4 cm; head length: 78.22 mm; head width: 63.76 mm; internostril distance: 17.89 mm; eye-eye distance: 35.19 mm. Control region 786 465 12 24 795 471 51 25 796 474 69 63 C. subcristatus and C. pallidus G 807 T T A C T C T 492 T A T C T G C 75 A G A C G G T C 85 T C. marthae sp. nov. C 814 C A T T G T C 498 A G C T A A A 117 G A C T A A C T 92 C 831 525 135 93 847 528 147 167 Cytochrome b 867 536 171 168 868 547 207 179 873 550 249 198 C. subcristatus C 889 C C C C C C C 553 C C A T T T C 255 A A A G C C T 204 C G C. pallidus. 890....... 561....... 267....... 205.. C. marthae sp. nov. T 891 T T T T T T T 573 A T C C C C T 291 G T T A T T C 247 T A 914 600 295 318 948 633 315 335 967 666 321 338 1014 683 363 508 C. subcristatus C Y R T C C C T G A C C T C T C T A A G T T G A 1053 693 369 509 C. pallidus. T G..................... 1059 700 372 512 C. marthae sp. nov. T G C C T T T C A G A T C T C A C G G C C C A C 1062 702 408 651 1068 706 411 696 1071 721 417 834 1081 723 426 850 1087 747 463 1098 C. subcristatus A T T C C C T C C T C T C C T G C G C A T A G C C. pallidus.... A................... C. marthae sp. nov. G C C T T T C T T C T C T G C A T A T G C G T A Meristic characteristics: N. supralabial scales: 7 (left side) and 9 (right side); n. infralabial scales: 10 (left side) and 9 (right side); n. scales around the parietal scale: 8; n. scales around the mental scale: 9; n. scales around the rostral scale: 8; n. scales along the middle-dorsal line: 17; n. scales around the inguinal scar: 46. Number of femoral pores: 19 (left leg) and 18 (right leg). Morphological characteristics: Snout elongated, not shortened. Tympanum taller than wide. Scales flat or almost flat above the tympanum, in the post-orbital region. Slightly more elevated pyramid-shaped scales occur in the dorsal head. Nuchal crest pronounced, adipose, with small conic scales which are reduced or almost flat along the ridge of the anterior half of the crest. Conic scales are more prominent, but not spinose, along the ridge of the posterior half. Dorsal crest less developed, with small conic scales along the ridge. Caudal crest poorly developed. Round-cross-section tail, not laterally compressed. Fingers of fore and hind legs with short claws, not recurved. Coloration: pinkish head, pinkish and black (dark) body and legs, with a black-striped pattern on the mid to posterior dorsal body. On both sides, five vertical black stripes occur between forelimb and hind limb, along the dorsal-ventral axis. The first stripe is interrupted. Stripes 2–5 are joined horizontally, describing a complex pattern. Stripes are present but less evident on the ventral body. Dark tail. Behavioral characteristics: The head-bob display (nodding behavior) consists of repeated modules. Each module comprises three series of multiple head movements (“ups and downs”; Fig. 6 a–c) and is completely executed within a time interval of 4–5 seconds. Frequency of movements performed in each series is high, with 4 to 6 movements per second. Two sub-series, separated by a few deciseconds, may be recognized within series 2. A fourth, additional series, similar to series 3, may be observed occasionally (Fig. 6 d). Etymology. The new species is named in memory of Martha Rebecca Gentile, second daughter of the first author. Martha prematurely left this world. She was born dead, as consequence of a medical doctor’s negligence, on August 20 th 2003. Distribution. Thus far, this species is known to occur only on Volcan Wolf (Fig. 1), the northernmost volcano of Isla Isabela (Galápagos National Park, Ecuador). Remarks. The new species is easily distinguished from the other two congeneric species. The color pattern is typical of the new species and was never observed in any of the populations of the other two named species. The origin and the nature of the pink pigmentation deserve further investigation. Nevertheless, it is instructive to note that when we surgically removed one pink scale, blood flowed out of the tissue of the removed scale, which immediately lost its pink color. Traits i) and ii) in the diagnosis are more evident in males, whereas they are variable and generally less pronounced in females. Although in the Plaza Sur population of C. subcristatus almost flat dorsal head scales may be observed, such a trait never co-occurs in combination with the other traits characteristic of C. marthae sp. nov. Although the “head-bob” pattern is slightly different between C. subcristatus populations in different islands (Gentile, unpublished data), the nodding behavior of C. marthae sp. nov. is very distinctive and characteristic. This is particularly relevant since it is exhibited in sympatry (syntopy) with C. subcristatus. None of the other species of land iguanas or any marine iguanas show a similar pattern (see Carpenter, 1982, for a comparison). Conolophus marthae sp. nov. is distinct from the other two congeners by about 7 % mtDNA genetic divergence, much higher than genetic divergence between C. pallidus and C. subcristatus (less than 2 %, Gentile et al. 2009). Twenty-four nucleotide sites of the control region and seventy-two nucleotide sites in cyt b gene sequences are diagnostically different and allow distinguishing between the new species and the other congeneric ones. The deep divergence is estimated to have started in a period when the Galápagos did not have their current configuration (Gentile et al. 2009). The absence of alleles shared with the other two species at the microsatellite locus CS 7 and the presence of several private alleles at other loci (Tzika et al., 2008; Gentile et al., 2009) indicate genetic isolation, even with the syntopic population of C. subcristatus. Occasional hybridization between marine (Amblyrhynchus cristatus Bell, 1825) and land iguanas (C. subcristatus) may still occur on Isla Plaza Sur, generating a black, brow-striped F 1 hybrid (Rassmann et al., 1997). Conolophus marthae sp. nov. lacks in any of the adaptive traits exhibited by marine iguanas (shortened snout; laterally compressed tail; developed caudal crest; long, recurved claws) and genetic data (Gentile et al. 2009) provide strong evidence that C. marthae sp. nov. did not originate by hybridization between marine and land (yellow) iguanas. A total of 120 individuals of Conolophus marthae sp. nov. were observed and sampled in three field trips, in 2005, 2006, and 2009 (see the paragraph “Notes added in proofs”). Besides the taxonomic implications, C. marthae sp. nov. is very important as it is the only evidence of deep divergence within the Galápagos land iguana lineage. In fact, the new species carries an ancient evolutionary legacy, being the only remnant of a lineage originated when the Galápagos archipelago did not have its present configuration. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. is a narrow endemism and its population size is small. Its inclusion in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as "critically endangered" has been recommended (Gentile et al. 2009).Published as part of Gentile, Gabriele & Snell, Howard, 2009, Conolophus marthae sp. nov. (Squamata, Iguanidae), a new species of land iguana from the Galápagos archipelago, pp. 1-10 in Zootaxa 2201 on pages 2-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18962
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