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La collezione aracnologica di Giovanni Canestrini presso il Museo di Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata dell’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia.
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MOLECOLE REGOLATIVE CON POSSIBILE RUOLO IMMUNITARIO NELL’INTESTINO IN SVILUPPO DI DICENTRARCHUS LABRAX (L.).
No full textImmunoreattivity to antibody against CRF was demonstrated in the gut of sea bass larval specimens of 8 and 24 days after hatching. Our data were correlated with the early immune response, very important in aquaculture, on the basis of previous research on immunoreactivity to ACTH in the same stages and localizations and other data on fish present in literature
Xanthophore migration from the dermis to the epidermis and dermal remodeling during Salamandra salamandra salamandra (L.) larval development
No full textDuring larval development of Salamandra salamandra salamandra chromatophores organize to form the definitive pigment pattern constituted by a black background with yellow patches that are characterized by epidermal xanthophores and dermal iridophores. Simultaneously the dermis undergoes remodeling from the larval stage to that typical of the adult. In the present study we ultrastucturally and immunocytochemically examined skin fragments of S. s. salamandra larvae and juveniles in order to investigate the modalities of xanthophore migration and differentiation in the context of dermal remodeling from the larval to adult stage. Semithin and thin sections showed that the dermis in newly born larvae consists of a compact connective tissue (basement lamella), to which fibroblasts and xanthophores adhere, and of a loose deep collagen layer. As larval development proceeds, fibroblasts and xanthophores invade the basement lamella, skin glands develop and the adult dermis forms. At metamorphosis, xanthophores reach the epidermis crossing through the basal lamina. We examined immunocytochemically the expression of signal molecules, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, beta(1)-integrin, chondroitin sulfate, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and plasminogen activator, which are known to be involved in regulating morphogenetic events. Their role in dermal remodeling and in pigment pattern formation is discussed
Indagini sulla morfologia e distribuzione delle cellule a mitocondri (MRC) di larve e adulti di Salamandra salamandra salamandra (L.)
No full textRicerche sulla pelle di larve e adulti di Salamandra salamandra salamandra hanno evidenziato due tipi morfologici di MRC diversamente distribuiti durante le fasi dello svilupp
Immunolocalization of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) andcorticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF-R2) in the developinggut of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)
No full textOur previous data indicated an important role for adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)-like moleculesco-operating with macrophages to control the modifications in body homeostasis during the firstperiod of the life of sea bass (up to 30 days post-hatching) before the lymphoid cells have reachedcomplete maturation. The aim of the study was to determine the immunolocalization of corticotropinreleasingfactor (CRF), which is a very important mediator of stress-related responses. Our data showedthat immunostaining for CRF is localized already at 8 days after hatching in nerve fibers of thegastrointestinal tract wall from the pharynx to the anterior gut, when the larvae are still feeding onyolk. This pattern of immunolocalization appeared similar to that in 24-day-old larvae, but at this stagethere were also large cells immunopositive to CRF located in the wall of the midgut and hindgut.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, which is a known stimulator of stress hormone responses, did notmodify the CRF immunostaining pattern, though it did affect the immunolocalization of the peripheralCRF receptor, i.e. CRF-R2. Immunolocalization of CRF-R2 appeared in nerve fibers of the gut wall inlarvae fixed 1 h after the end of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The present results suggest that CRFplays important autocrine and/or paracrine roles in the early immune responses at the gut level in thelarval stages of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) as already proposed for ACTH. Moreover, our studiestaken together with other research on fish, in comparison with mammals, suggest a phylogeneticallyold role of CRF in immune–endocrine interactions
I campioni dello zoologo Daniele Rosa nel Museo di Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata dell’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Full text linkNell’ambito del progetto “La cause dell’evoluzione”, realizzato presso l’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e volto alla digitalizzazione della produzione scientifica e del materiale raccolto dallo zoologo Daniele Rosa, è stata condotta la ricognizione delle collezioni del Museo di Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata dell’Ateneo modenese al fine di verificare la presenza dei campioni che Daniele Rosa riportava come depositati in Museo, ma dei quali si erano perse le tracce dall’inizio del Novecento. La ricognizione ha permesso di identificare 19 campioni di oligocheti studiati da Rosa, che portano ancora il cartellino originale autografo di Rosa. Tra essi è presente un esemplare della specie Allolobophora cuginii, che Rosa descrisse nel 1905 e che rappresenta l’olotipo di questa specie. Tra i campioni è presente anche un esemplare di Allolobophora minuscula, che po- trebbe rappresentare un secondo olotipo di Rosa, ma l’assenza di dati di inventario rende al momento non certa questa attribuzione.The project “The causes of evolution”, carried out at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia and aimed at the digitization of the specimens and the scientific production of the zoologist Daniele Rosa, included a survey of the historical collections of the Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy looking for oligochaete samples collected by the zoologist Daniele Rosa and deposited at the Museum. The survey allowed the identification of 19 samples of the oligochaetes studied by Daniele Rosa still carrying the original labelling handwritten by Rosa. Among samples, we find specimens of the species Allolobophora cuginii, that Rosa described in 1905 for the first time and that represent the holotype of that species. We also find specimens of the species Allolobophora minuscula, that could represent a second Rosa’s holotype, but the absence of inventory date and number makes this attribution at present uncertain
Un possibile precoce ruolo immunitario per il CRF durante lo sviluppo larvale di Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)
No full textNell’ambito di ricerche volte ad esaminare la comparsa e localizzazione di molecole regolative durante lo sviluppo larvale della spigola, abbiamo suggerito che l’ormone adrenocorticotropo (ACTH) (Mola et al., 2004, 2005) e l’ossido nitrico prodotto dalla iNOS (Pederzoli et al., 2007) possano avere un ruolo nei precoci meccanismi di risposta allo stress prima che sia completo il differenziamento del sistema immunitario, in particolare a livello della parete dell’intestino nelle zone dove si differenzierà il GALT. Attualmente stiamo valutando la possibilità di un ruolo simile per il fattore di rilascio ipotalamico dell’ACTH (CRF), altra molecola coinvolta nella risposta allo stress, per il quale abbiamo già osservato immunoreattività (IR) nelle fibre nervose della parete del tubo digerente anteriore-medio nelle larve di 8 e 24 gg e in voluminose cellule della parete intestinale medio-posteriore nelle larve di 24 gg. Siamo ora passati ad esaminare larve di 24 gg trattate per 1 ora con LPS: sia in quelle fissate immediatamente dopo il trattamento che in quelle fissate dopo 1 ora dal termine del trattamento il quadro dell’IR al CRF non presenta sostanziali differenze rispetto alle larve non trattate. Le larve di 24 gg sono state saggiate anche per la ricerca di un’eventuale IR al recettore per il CRF (anti Rec2-CRF). Sia nelle larve non trattate che in quelle trattate e immediatamente fissate non è stata riscontrata IR ad alcun livello del tubo digerente, mentre nelle larve trattate e fissate 1 ora dopo la fine del trattamento è evidenziabile IR al Rec2-CRF in fibre nervose localizzate nella parete di tutti i livelli del tubo digerente (dal faringe all’intestino terminale). I dati sembrano indicare un’induzione dell’espressione della molecola del recettore specifico per la forma non ipotalamica del CRF a seguito di un trattamento con antigen
Occurrence and possible role of heat shock protein 70 in the developing sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)
No full textHeat shock proteins (HSPs) are cellular proteins highly conserved to polypeptide folding, identified in cells subjected to high temperature (as the name indicate). Many members of three families (HSP90, HSP70 and HSPs with low molecular weight) are present in both invertebrates and vertebrates, including the fish. The production of HSPs is one of the most common ways cell responds to a stressor to maintain its integrity and function.
From several years we have been undertaking immunohistochemical studies on the appearance and distribution of regulatory molecules during the larval stages of the sea bass, a fish widely studied for its commercial value. In this study the results of immunolocalization of HSP70 in sea bass larvae, both in control and in specimens subjected to a biological stressor (LPS), are reported.
The results showed a different pattern of immunoreactivity (IR) in LPS-treated vs. untreated sea bass larvae. LPS stress increases the amount of HSP70-IR in cells of skin, gills, terminal gut, liver and pituitary gland and induces the expression of HSP70 in the kidney collecting ducts; these effects are particularly evident in a short time (1 h). The present immunohistochemical data on the sea bass larvae suggest an involvement in stress-induced HSP-response of liver, gut, skin, gills, kidney collecting ducts and pituitary gland.
In previous our research it has been hypothesized that some molecules involved in stress responses, such as ACTH, nitric oxide and CRF, may play an active role, via autocrine/paracrine ways, in early immune responses of sea bass larvae, before the complete development of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). This hypothesis comes from observations of IR to these molecules in gut epithelium, liver, pronefric tubules, skin and from the different pattern of IR following LPS treatment carried out with the same experimental design as in the present work. In particular, the distribution of IR to HSP70 in 24 day-old larvae LPS treated is very similar to that described previously for ACTH-IR in the same larval stages LPS treated. The data of present work may indicate that HSP70 also is a member of the pool of molecules involved in the early immune responses of larval sea bass.
In the present research it has also been demonstrated, first in teleosts, HSP70-IR in untreated sea bass pituitary gland and its increase after LPS stress. HSP expression is already known for mammals. These data support the idea of a functional relationship between HSP expression and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis that could be a common trait for vertebrates
Localizzazione istochimica e immunoistochimica dell’ossido nitrico nel tratto digerente in sviluppo di Dicentrarchus labrax.
No full textIn this study we present the occurrence of nitric oxide in the gut during the first larval phasess in dicentrarchus labrax (Osteichtyes). The histochemical and immunohistochemical tests were carried out in 3, 8 and 24 days and 5 months old specimens
Possibile ruolo immunitario della HSP70 in larve di Dicentrarchus labrax (L.).
No full textI risultati hanno mostrato un diverso quadro di immunoreattività (IR) nelle larve trattate rispetto ai controlli; lo stress con LPS incrementa l’IR alla HSP70 in cellule della pelle, delle branchie, dell’intestino terminale, del fegato e dell’ipofisi e induce l’IR nei dotti collettori renali. Tali effetti sono particolarmente evidenti negli esemplari fissati immediatamente dopo il trattamento.
Questi dati indicano un coinvolgimento della HSP70 nelle risposte allo stress di molti organi larvali. In precedenti indagini abbiamo ipotizzato che alcune molecole notoriamente implicate nelle risposte allo stress (ACTH, ossido nitrico e CRF) possano avere un ruolo, svolto con modalità paracrine e/o autocrine, nelle precoci risposte immunitarie della spigola, prima del completo differenziamento del GALT. I risultati qui riportati potrebbero indicare che la HSP70 fa parte del pool di molecole responsabili delle precoci risposte immunitarie nelle larve di spigola.
Inoltre in questa ricerca è stato dimostrata, per la prima volta nei teleostei, un’IR alla HSP70 nell’ipofisi larvale e un suo incremento dopo stress con LPS. Ciò supporta l’idea che una relazione funzionale tra l’espressione di HSP e l’asse ipotalamo-ipofisi-adrenale, già avanzata per i mammiferi, possa essere un tratto comune dei vertebrati
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