1,721,183 research outputs found
Pseudomicetoma del gatto:una forma atipica di dermatofitosi da non sottovalutare
No full textLo pseudomicetoma è un’infezione granulomatosa causata da dermato ti che coinvolge i tessuti sottocutanei e in certi casi altri tessuti molli. Negli animali è stata descritta prevalen- temente nel gatto, dove è solitamente indotta da Microsporum canis. Più frequentemente sono interessati i gatti persiani, che sembrano particolarmente suscettibili a sviluppare questa dermato tosi atipica. In questa sede viene svolto un breve review sullo pseudo- micetoma che, seppure non frequente, deve comunque essere tenuto in considerazione nell’ambito della diagnostica differenziale in caso di lesioni granulomatose sottocutanee o anche profonde del gatto.Pseudomycetoma is a granulomatous infection caused by dermatophytes that involves subcutaneous tissues and, in some cases, other soft tissues. In animals it has been mainly described in cats, in which it is usually caused by Microsporum canis. Persian cats, which seem particularly susceptible to developing this atypical dermatophytosis, are more frequently affected. Here a brief review of the pseudomycetoma is performed. Although not frequent, it must however be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis in cases of subcutaneous or even deep granulomatous lesions of the cat
Candidosi nel cane: una micosi emergente?
No full textIl genere Candida comprende lieviti dimorfi ubiquitari, ampiamente diffusi nell’ambiente,
che possono far parte dell’abituale microfl ora commensale di uomini e animali, in
particolare a livello di mucose. Quando le difese dell’ospite sono compromesse, possono
comportarsi come patogeni opportunisti. Nel cane le candidosi sono solitamente considerate
rare, ma negli ultimi anni le segnalazioni in letteratura sono aumentate. Al pari
dell’uomo, nel cane il miglioramento delle tecniche medico-chirurgiche e delle terapie può
prolungare la vita di soggetti con patologie anche gravi, predisponendoli al contempo a
stati immunosoppressivi che li rendono più vulnerabili a contrarre infezioni da opportunisti
come Candida spp.. Tratteremo sinteticamente le principali forme di candidosi
segnalate nel cane che, seppure poco comuni, dovrebbero essere tenute presenti come
possibile complicazione in pazienti critici e considerate nella diagnosi differenziale ogni
qual volta il paziente presenti fattori predisponenti, sintomi aspecifi ci e non risponda
a terapia antibiotica
Autochthonous Trypanosoma spp. In European mammals: A brief journey amongst the neglected trypanosomes
Full text linkThe genus Trypanosoma includes flagellated protozoa belonging to the family Trypanoso-matidae (Euglenozoa, Kinetoplastida) that can infect humans and several animal species. The most studied species are those causing severe human pathology, such as Chagas disease in South and Central America, and the human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or infections highly affecting animal health, such as nagana in Africa and surra with a wider geographical distribution. The presence of these Trypanosoma species in Europe has been thus far linked only to travel/immigration history of the human patients or introduction of infected animals. On the contrary, little is known about the epidemiological status of trypanosomes endemically infecting mammals in Europe, such as Trypanosoma theileri in ruminants and Trypanosoma lewisi in rodents and other sporadically re-ported species. This brief review provides an updated collection of scientific data on the presence of autochthonous Trypanosoma spp. in mammals on the European territory, in order to support epidemiological and diagnostic studies on Trypanosomatid parasites
Treatment based on formic acid for Varroa destructor control with two different evaporators: efficacy and tolerability comparison
Full text linkFormic acid based treatments are active also against Varroas enclosed inside sealed brood. For its organic nature and the low risk of long-lasting residues in bee products, are very popular in Northern Europe, but could be problematic in Southern regions where summer temperatures are higher. In this study efficacy and tolerability of a 60% aqueous solution of formic acid administered via two different evaporators: (Aspro-Novar-Form® and Nassenheider professional®) were compared. Total efficacy was on average high (> 80%), but with high variability among the different colonies, without significant differences between the two evaporators. No significant differences in tolerability between the two approaches were observed, however, the number of bees after treatment in the AN group is on average higher than in the NH group. Further field comparisons should be conducted to explore the differences in tolerability that arose in this study
Isolation and Morphological observation on Lotmaria passim (Euglenozoa, Trypanosomatidae)
No full textDigeribilità e incremento ponderale in agnelloni parassitati sperimentalmente con strongili gastro-intestinali
No full text
Detection of Leishmania sp. kDNA in questing Ixodes ricinus (Acari, Ixodidae) from the Emilia-Romagna Region in northeastern Italy
Full text linkTo date, sand flies (Phlebotominae) are the only recognized biological vectors of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis, which is endemic in the Mediterranean basin and also widespread in Central and South America, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Dogs are the main domestic reservoir of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, and the role of secondary vectors such as ticks and fleas and particularly Rhipicephalus sanguineus (the brown dog tick) in transmitting L. infantum has been investigated. In the present paper, the presence of Leishmania DNA was investigated in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from 4 rural areas included in three parks of the Emilia-Romagna Region (north-eastern Italy), where active foci of human visceral leishmaniasis have been identified. The analyses were performed on 236 DNA extracts from 7 females, 6 males, 72 nymph pools, and 151 larvae pools. Four samples (1.7%) (i.e., one larva pool, 2 nymph pools, and one adult male) tested positive for Leishmania kDNA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of Leishmania kDNA in questing I. ricinus ticks collected from a rural environment. This finding in unfed larvae, nymphs, and adult male ticks supports the hypothesis that L. infantum can have both transstadial and transovarial passage in I. ricinus ticks. The potential role of I. ricinus ticks in the sylvatic cycle of leishmaniasis should be further investigated
Helminthofauna Diversity in Synanthropic Rodents of the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy): Implications for Public Health and Rodent Control
No full textSynanthropic rodents are species well adapted to coexisting in anthropogenically influenced environments. This coexistence raises concerns about the potential risks of pathogen’s transmission due to their close proximity to human habitats. This study presents an epidemiological survey of the gastrointestinal helminth fauna in synanthropic rodents (Mus musculus, Rattus rattus, and Rattus norvegicus) from the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy), aiming to provide updated data on the endoparasitic populations in these species. A total of 111 rodents, sampled from 2019 to 2021 during pest control programs, were examined for parasitic infections. Helminths were extracted through necropsy and microscopic analysis of gastrointestinal tracts and sediment, with species identification based on morphological characteristics. Overall, 72.1% of the rodents were found to be parasitized, with nematodes being the most prevalent. Syphacia muris, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and Heterakis spumosa were the most frequently identified nematodes. Tapeworms, including Rodentolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta, were also detected, albeit in lower frequencies. The trematode Brachylaima recurva was recovered only in one R. rattus. Co-infection was common, particularly among rats, with 51.8% of black rats and 22% of brown rats harboring multiple parasitic species. Mice exhibited lower levels of polyparasitism, with only two individuals showing mixed infections. Interestingly, disparities between the detection of adult helminths and parasitic eggs were noted, especially in cases where no adults were observed, but eggs were found through sediment analysis. These findings suggest that traditional necropsy, especially with poorly preserved carcasses, may underestimate parasite prevalence. This highlights the importance of combining necropsy with microscopic techniques, such as flotation and sedimentation, for a more thorough assessment. Using these methods, nematodes with direct life cycles, such as Syphacia spp., Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and Heterakis spumosa, have been confirmed as widespread and cosmopolitan among rodent populations. The detection of zoonotic parasites raises concerns about potential transmission to humans, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and high rodent densities. These findings underscore the need for integrated rodent control and environmental sanitation to reduce zoonotic risks
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