1,721,026 research outputs found
Falcioni L, Gallotta MC, Baldari C, Cardinali L, Campanella M, Ferrari D, Guidetti L, Meucci M. Influence of training status on cardiac and vascular functioning in young recreational and competitive male rowers. Frontiers in Pediatrics, section Pediatric Cardiology
No full textIntroduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of training
status on cardiovascular function in young male recreational and competitive
rowers.
Methods: Ejection duration in percentage to the heart rate period (ED%),
subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR), augmentation index at 75 bpm (AIx75) and
carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) of competitive rowers (CR) (age
17.6 ± 4.1 years), recreational rowers (RR) (age 16.7 ± 2.70 years) and athletes
practicing other recreational sports (ORS) (age 15.3 ± 1.4 years) were assessed.
Results: ED% was lower in CR compared to ORS (31.9 ± 3.9% vs. 38.4 ± 4.8%; p =
0.026) and cf-PWV was higher in CR compared to ORS (5.5 ± 1.0 m/s vs. 4.7 ±
0.5 m/s; p = 0.032). SEVR was higher in CR compared to RR and ORS (165.8 ±
33.7% vs. 127.4 ± 30.4% and 128.3 ± 27.8%; p = 0.022) and AIx75 was lower in CR
compared to RR and ORS (−15.7 ± 8.6% vs. 1.2 ± 9.9% and 1.5 ± 9.1; p = 0.001).
Discussion: Healthy, young competitive male rowers reported higher myocardial
performance and better cardiovascular health than recreational athletes.
Interpretations of cf-PWV in competitive rowers should be performed alongside
other cardiovascular indicators
Oxygen uptake efficiency slope in healthy normal weight young males: an applicable framework for calculation and interpretation
No full textBackground: The oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) is considered a reliable indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in young and clinical populations who cannot achieve maximal effort during a graded exercise test. However, OUES accuracy depends on the data points used for its calculation and it is still not clear if the submaximal OUES can accurately assess CRF in healthy young males.
Objective. We investigated the association between peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and peak and submaximal OUES, and the agreement between submaximal OUES and peak OUES in male adolescents and young adults.
Methods. Fifty normal weight healthy participants (age 14-22 years, VO2peak 43.8 ± 7.3 mL·min-1·kg1) performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer, pulmonary gas exchange was assessed using breath-by-breath analysis. VO2peak, and oxygen consumption (VO2) at the aerobic (AerT) and at the anaerobic threshold (AnT) were determined as the 30-second average of the VO2 values. Peak OUES (up to peak) and submaximal OUES (up to AerT and up to AnT) were calculated from the logarithmic relation between VO2 and pulmonary ventilation.
Results. VO2peak showed higher correlations with peak OUES (r=0.80-0.88) than with the two submaximal OUES (r=0.32-0.81). Peak OUES showed higher agreement with OUES up to AnT (r=0.89-0.93; Typical percentage error 5.9%; Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.89-0.93) than with OUES up to AerT (r=0.39-0.56; Typical percentage error 15.0%; Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.38-0.56).
Conclusions. The peak OUES is the best indicator of aerobic fitness in healthy males followed by the OUES up to AnT. The OUES up to AnT is a valid alternative to peak OUES
Energy cost and energy sources of a ballet dance exercise in female adolescents with different technical ability
No full textThis study evaluated energy cost and energy sources of a ballet exercise (grand adage) in young female dancers with different technical ability, and then related the energy sources to the subject's VO 2max and anaerobic threshold (IAT). Twenty-five dancers (13-16 years) were divided into two different technical ability groups: low-level (n = 13) and high-level (n = 12). The overall energy requirement of dance exercise (VO 2eq) was obtained by adding the amount of VO 2 during exercise above resting (aerobic source or VO 2ex) to the VO 2 up to the fast component of recovery (anaerobic alactic source or VO 2al) and to the energy equivalent of peak blood lactate accumulation (anaerobic lactic source or VO2la) of recovery. VO -2eq of exercise amounted to 81 ± 10 and 94 ± 9 ml kg -1 in low-level and high-level groups, respectively. VO 2ex represented the higher fraction (65 ± 4% and 77 ± 5%) in low-level and high-level groups, respectively, of VO 2eq in both the groups. In the low-level group the remaining fractions were: 23 ± 2 % for VO 2al and 12 ± 1% for VO 2la-. In high-level group the remaining fractions were: 18 ± 2 % for VO 2al and 4 ± 1% for VO 2la-. Between two groups, significant differences were found in VO 2ex (P < 0.01), VO 2la- (P < 0.01), and VO 2al (P < 0.05). IAT was 55 and 60% of V̇O 2max for low-level and high-level dancers, respectively. Low-level dancers performed more exercise above IAT than high-level. For these reasons, it should be better to define exercise intensity according to the IAT parameter and not only to V̇O 2max
Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 restrictions could preclude children from participating in physical education (PE) interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a PE intervention conducted on the beach on children’s skill- and health-related outcomes, as a possible alternative PE intervention that could be also applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved 106 primary school
children, randomly assigned to the traditional indoor (TI) intervention or to the experimental outdoor (EO) intervention. The intervention period lasted 4 months and consisted of two 1-h sessions per
week. Intervention was conducted just before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Children’s anthropometric parameters (height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and abdominal circumference),
fitness parameter (VO2peak), health parameters (resting heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), gross motor coordination, and physical activity level were assessed before and after
intervention. Both groups significantly improved fitness and motor coordination but worsened some anthropometric parameters (weight, abdominal circumference) after the intervention period. The
EO group showed a higher increase of gross motor coordination than the TI group. Results of this study demonstrated that children benefited from a well-structured PE intervention conducted in the
natural environment of the beach improving physical fitness and gross motor coordination. Therefore, planning outdoor PE interventions could be an alternative and safe way to encourage and implement
physical activity at school during the particular period of COVID-19 pandemic
Medium-term evaluation through rasterstereography of dorsal and lumbar spine of varsity athletes with different types of load.
No full textCorrelation between salivary cortisol response to exercise-related stress and male pubertal development
No full textLinking co-ordinative and fitness training in physical education settings
No full textTo assess whether an enrichment of the co-ordinative demands of physical education (PE) during the curricular time may more efficiently improve co-ordinative abilities than the traditional PE program. One hundred and fifty-two middle school students aged 11-12 years were randomly assigned either to an experimental (n=77) or to a traditional (n=75) PE program lasting 5 months. The experimental intervention was structured in different modules focused on co-ordination abilities. Pre- and post-intervention tests assessed students' fitness (1 mile run-walk, curl-up, flexed arm hang, trunk lift, sit and reach, 30 m run, standing long jump, basketball forward throw) and motor co-ordination abilities (four field tests of kinesthetic discrimination and response orientation ability). After the intervention period, both groups showed a significant increment in most fitness tests. However, only the experimental group showed a significant improvement or a significantly more pronounced improvement than the control group in co-ordinative performances. The results show that both experimental and traditional PE interventions lead to increase physical fitness levels, but only the experimental one also improves co-ordinative abilities. Thus, focusing on a multivariate PE approach linking co-ordination and fitness training seems to add quality to students' experiences without reducing their effectiveness in terms of physical fitness
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