1,721,171 research outputs found
Smart, Resilient, and Transition Cities: Commonalities, Peculiarities and Hints for Future Approaches
No full textThe chapter discusses commonalities and peculiarities of the three Urban Metaphors presented in the previous chapters of this book: Smart City, Resilient City and Transition Towns, exploring meanwhile the potential for strengthening their synergies to promote integrated approaches to climate issues.
In the last decade, these Metaphors have gained, indeed, a growing attention by planners and decision-makers since all of them, although by different perspectives, aim at empowering cities in the face of the more and more interconnected challenges currently threatening them as well of the growing uncertainties arising from the ways that natural and human systems will develop and interact in the next future. In detail, in this chapter after a brief overview of the three Metaphors, we will focus on their commonalities and peculiarities, with the aim to better understand their respective roles in supporting climate strategies as well their potential synergies and conflicting aspects
Future Perspectives: Key Principles for a Climate Sensitive Urban Development
No full textThe chapter, based on the lessons learnt from both the theoretical debate and the numerous initiatives that all over the world have been undertaken policies and measures to counterbalance climate change, lists some principles which are crucial to reframe current approaches to climate issues as well as to overcome barriers and criticalities arising from policies and actions so far carried out both at large and local scale. These key principles should better guide planners and decision-makers in: promoting cross-sectoral strategies and measures to counterbalance climate change; enhancing the capacity to take into account synergies and trade-offs between mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures; sustaining a long-term perspective in the face of climate issues; favoring the mutual capacitation and contamination among different actors and stakeholders as well as among institutional and community-led climate strategies/initiatives; in one, in building up effective climate sensitive urban development processes
Drawing Lessons From Experience
No full textIn this chapter, strengths and weaknesses of institutional and ‘transition’ initiatives/practices examined in previous sections of this book will be discussed, shedding light on what we can learn from current experiences. In detail, the first paragraph will focus on large scale climate strategies presented in section 2, outlining the different approaches to climate issues, the weights assigned to mitigation and adaptation policies and, above, all the main barriers hindering their effectiveness. The second and third paragraphs will focus on the case studies presented respectively in section 3 and 4. In detail, strengths and weaknesses of the examined case studies will be presented according to different research issues: the role of the three considered urban metaphors (Smart City, Resilient City, Transition Towns) in framing/supporting current practices; the present level of integration among mitigation and adaptation practices; the capacity to mainstream mitigation and adaptation practices into urban planning processes; the emerging governance models and, above all, the factors currently hindering the cities’ paths towards effective climate policies
The American Approach to Climate Change: a general overview and a focus on the Northern and Artic Regions
No full textWith the beginning of the Donald Trump presidency in the United States (January 2017), the framework of international climate change policy has had a complete reversal of its path, with great controversy within the United States itself. The consequences of this orientation will have a global reverberation—from a political point of view, on maintaining commitments from other states; and from a climatic point of view, with the rise of global temperatures, the change of many ecosystems, and the difficulty in accessing food and water for many populations. That situation affects in particular the indigenous communities of Alaska, which have inhabited the Arctic forests for millennia. Here heating is faster, the Arctic ice is retreating rapidly, and the coastal communities are in serious and growing danger. This chapter deals with an overview of the American policy on climate change and in particular its consequences on the Arctic region, with references to current and potential response strategies
Beyond a fragmented and sector-oriented knowledge for a sustainable and resilient urban development. The case of the Metropolitan City of Naples
No full textNumerous scholars have recently focused on the multiple challenges—from the environmental crisis to the impacts of climate change and natural and man-made hazards—threatening cities’ future. Most of them have clearly highlighted the increasing interdependencies among these threats, their close dependency on urban development processes, as well as the need for avoiding “policy silos and promoting cross-sectoral strategies in the face of these challenges. In this line, the contribution explores the interactions among urban development processes, loss and/or degradation of natural resources, climate change and disaster risks. Then, focusing on the Metropolitan City of Naples, it highlights difficulties and opportunities arising from a better integration of the available fragmented and sector-oriented knowledge, as a key step to provide planners and decision makers with a comprehensive understanding of human and natural dynamics capable to support cross-sectoral strategies for a sustainable and resilient urban development
Strenght and Weaknesses of Public Housing Policy in Italy
No full textThis contribution provides a review of public housing laws and policies in Italy, starting from the early nineties, with a specific focus the city of Naples. Then, there is an in-depth analysis of three large public housing neighbourhoods located in as many Neapolitan districts–Traiano, Scampia and Ponticelli. All these neighbourhoods, built up before the sustainability paradigm became a guiding principle of planning practices, show standards of urban quality and quality of life very far from those commonly required nowadays. Thus, with reference to the key principles for sustainable regeneration of urban neighbourhoods, capable of integrating physical, social, economic, environmental and cultural issues, the analysis of the selected Neapolitan areas highlights both their criticalities and the main steps forward that have been made and those still to be made towards their sustainable regeneration
Conoscenza e gestione dei rischi tra frammentazione e settorialità. Il caso Napoli.
No full textLa molteplicità dei rischi che interessano il nostro Paese e la fragilità dei sistemi urbani e territoriali esposti richiedono un sostanziale ripensamento degli approcci e degli strumenti finora utilizzati per conoscere, prevenire e mitigare i rischi. Il prevalere di logiche emergenziali, l’elevata frammentazione delle conoscenze, la segmentazione delle competenze e la settorialità degli strumenti hanno, infatti, limitato l’“utilizzabilità” delle conoscenze disponibili nei processi decisionali orientati al governo del territorio e affidato la gestione dei rischi ad ambiti prevalentemente “tecnici”, con una limitata attenzione alla compatibilità tra scelte di uso del suolo e rischi e un ridotto o nullo coinvolgimento delle comunità locali. In questo lavoro, a partire da un approfondimento delle indicazioni fornite dalla Sendai Framework 2015-2030 per accrescere l’efficacia delle politiche di riduzione dei rischi e dall’esame di alcune delle numerose buone pratiche avviate nel corso dell’ultimo decennio in ambito europeo, si focalizza l’attenzione sulla Città Metropolitana di Napoli, area a elevata urbanizzazione e caratterizzata dalla compresenza di molteplici ed eterogenei fattori di rischio, con l’obiettivo di evidenziare i principali gap conoscitivi e le principali barriere che continuano a ostacolare sia un’accurata diagnosi dei rischi che possono interessare il territorio metropolitano sia la piena applicazione dei principi espressi dalla Sendai Framework per garantirne una più efficace gestione
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