1,721,097 research outputs found
In vitro activity of Cefepime/Enmetazobactam and Cefepime/Zidebactam against OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains
No full text: In this study, we evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefepime/enmetazobactam and cefepime/zidebactam against well-characterized OXA-48-like producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains. Genomic analysis revealed that all strains carried class D carbapenemase including blaOXA-48 and blaOXA-181 as well as different ESBL genes. Our results demonstrated that both enmetazobactam and zidebactam significantly enhanced the bactericidal activity of cefepime in vitro. Based on these findings, we suggest that these combinations could be considered a valuable therapeutic approach for treatment of infections caused by OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae
Genomic characterization of a high pathogenic Escherichia coli causing bacterial meningitis in a newborn in Italy, 2022: E. coli neonatal meningitis
No full text: Here, we characterize the complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli isolated from a newborn affected by bacterial meningitis in Italy. Genome of E. coli strain 1455 harbored a circular chromosome and two plasmids of 167.740-bp and 4.073-bp in length, respectively. E. coli 1455 belonged to the ST3, serotype O17:H18 and carried different determinants including resistance to B-lactams, tetracyclines, and quinolones. In addition, genome of E. coli strain 1455 harbored 5 integrated pro-phage regions mainly located in the chromosome, while most of the virulence factors associated to the invasiveness and clinical severity and different antimicrobial resistance determinants (blaTEM-1, tet(A) and qnrS1) were located in the 167-Kb plasmid. Taken together, our findings suggest a possible widespread of a virulence factors-carrying plasmid worldwide and highlight the importance of genomic characterization in the diffusion of public health threats
In vivo emergence of ceftazidime/avibactam, cefiderocol and aztreonam/avibactam cross-resistance in a patient with KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection after Cefiderocol-based treatment
No full textNo abstract availabl
In vitro activity of cefepime/zidebactam against sulbactam/durlobactam-susceptible and -resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates
No full textObjectives: To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefepime in association with a β-lactamase inhibitor (enmetazobactam) or β-lactam enhancer (BLE), zidebactam, against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strains susceptible or resistant to sulbactam/durlobactam. Material and methods: Twenty-one CRAB clinical isolates were characterized by WGS and AST to cefepime/enmetazobactam, cefepime/zidebactam and comparators was determined. Results: Resistome analysis revealed that all CRAB carried blaOXA-23 carbapenemase genes, while blaADC-25 and blaOXA-66 β-lactamase genes were observed exclusively in sulbactam/durlobactam-resistant strains. Analysis of penicillin-binding protein genes demonstrated the presence of specific mutations within PBP3 (N392T) previously associated to the resistance to sulbactam/durlobactam. Phenotypic analysis revealed that cefepime/enmetazobactam did not exert antibacterial activity against CRAB, while cefepime/zidebactam displayed potent bactericidal activity against both sulbactam/durlobactam-susceptible and -resistant strains. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that cefepime/zidebactam exhibited potent in vitro antibacterial activity against CRAB producing OXA carbapenemase and support its clinical use against both sulbactam/durlobactam-susceptible or -resistant isolates
Isolation and genome characterization of a Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain carrying blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-48 isolated in Italy
No full text: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriales (CPE) represent an emerging threat for global public health and a serious problem for clinicians due to the limited available treatment options. The emergence of CPE has been recently described worldwide by describing different antimicrobial mechanisms. Here, we describe a CPE carrying dual-carbapenemase isolated in Italy and we provide a deep characterization of the antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence-factors and prophage regions within the genome
Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
No full textWe evaluated a real-time single-peak (11.109-Da) detection assay based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for the identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae. Our results demonstrated that the 11.109-Da peak was detected in 88.2% of the KPC producers. Analysis of blaKPC-producing K. pneumoniae showed that the gene encoding the 11.109-Da protein was commonly (97.8%) associated with the Tn4401a isoform
Epidemiology and Genomic Characterization of <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> over a Period of 4 Years in Northern Italy
No full textDermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi that cause a wide range of superficial infections in humans and animals. The Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex is one of the most clinically important groups due to its broad host range, widespread distribution, and increasing involvement in antifungal-resistant infections. Here, we described the epidemiology of T. mentagrophytes over a period of 4 years detected in the northeastern part of Italy and provided the genomic characterization of clinical isolates. ITS sequence analysis revealed that among the 13 strains studied, 11 belonged to the T. mentagrophytes complex. In detail, nine were classified as genotype I/II and two as genotype VII. Analysis of the SQLE gene revealed that nine strains harbored a wild-type gene, while two carried a Lys276Asn mutation. Genomic analysis was performed on three clinical T. mentagrophytes strains that belonged to genotype I/II, revealing the presence of different virulence factors including MEP-1, MEP-2, MEP-3, and MEP-5. Phylogenetic analysis based on core-genome SNPs demonstrated that the two genomes included in this study were clonally related to a T. mentagrophytes strain isolated in China in 2024. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of genomic characterization in order to trace the epidemiology of dermatophytes worldwide and to characterize emerging strains
Clinical application of Bruker Biotyper MALDI-TOF/MS system for real-time identification of KPC production in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates
No full textThe increasing spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a serious threat to public health and a major concern for clinicians. In K. pneumoniae, KPC is the most important determinant of carbapenem resistance owing to its distribution worldwide and to the high mortality rates associated with infections due to KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) strain
Colistin: Lights and Shadows of an Older Antibiotic
No full text: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a serious threat to public health and for infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, representing one of the most important causes of death worldwide. The renewal of old antimicrobials, such as colistin, has been proposed as a valuable therapeutic alternative to the emergence of the MDR microorganisms. Although colistin is well known to present several adverse toxic effects, its usage in clinical practice has been reconsidered due to its broad spectrum of activity against Gram-negative (GN) bacteria and its important role of "last resort" agent against MDR-GN. Despite the revolutionary perspective of treatment with this old antimicrobial molecule, many questions remain open regarding the emergence of novel phenotypic traits of resistance and the optimal usage of the colistin in clinical practice. In last years, several forward steps have been made in the understanding of the resistance determinants, clinical usage, and pharmacological dosage of this molecule; however, different points regarding the role of colistin in clinical practice and the optimal pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets are not yet well defined. In this review, we summarize the mode of action, the emerging resistance determinants, and its optimal administration in the treatment of infections that are difficult to treat due to MDR Gram-negative bacteria
Characterization of the genome of a Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain carrying a novel KPC-205 variant associated with resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam and cefiderocol
No full textNo abstract availabl
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