29 research outputs found
Causes, Patterns and Outcome of Severe Injuries in Children – A Hospital based Study
No full textBackground: Injuries are important causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. There is a therefore, a need, especially in developing countries, to determine the relative contributions made by injuries singly and in combinations, to childhood morbidity and mortality in hospital practice.
Objectives: To determine the causes, patterns, and outcome of various childhood injuries resulting in hospital admissions over a 15-year period.
Design: Retrospective analysis of hospital records.
Patients and Methods: The case files of all children aged 16 years and below, admitted to the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, between 1984 and 1998 with burns, poisoning, animal bites and stings, bone, joint, head, soft tissue and other injuries, were analysed and the data on various injury types, compared.
Results: Injuries accounted for 5.1 percent of total paediatric admissions and 5.4 percent of deaths during the study period, with males predominating in every injury type. Fractures, burns, poisoning, soft tissue and head injuries constituted 36.5, 23.4, 13.3, 12.2 and 10.6 percent respectively, of the 1,249 total injuries seen. Motor vehicle accidents and falls were responsible for 85.6 percent of all fractures, soft tissue and head injuries. Hot water caused 52.1 percent of all burns while 36.7 and 24.7 percent respectively, of poisoning were due to kerosene and traditional drug mixtures. Vehicle related injuries constituted a significant percentage of all injuries in the last decade of the review. Duration of hospitalisation was significantly longer for fractures than for any other injury type. Mortality rates were 9.2 and 12.7 percent respectively, for burns and poisoning, both of which accounted for 71.6 percent of deaths due to injuries.
Conclusion: Health promoting and injury preventive interventions should be instituted to reduce the rate of injuries and their effects on children.
Key Words: Injuries, Nigerian children, Causes, Patterns.
Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics 30(3) 2003: 86-9
Miliaria in Neonates at a South-West Nigerian, State Hospital
No full textMiliaria is also known as heat rashes. It is a disorder of sweat glands that affects all age groups, especially the neonates also, they commonly occur in the tropics. Miliaria has however been understudied globally. We therefore studied neonates over a 3 month peroid at the welfare clinic of the State Hospital, Osogbo, in order to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with heat rashes among neonates. Relevant information was obtained about the babies from their mothers, after which the babies were examined to detect miliaria and possible related factors such as secondary infections and clothing. A total 193 babies made up of 103 boys and 90 girls were studied. Their age range was between 1 and 28 days and 118(61.1%) of them had miliaria. Heat rashes were found on the forehead, face, trunk, neck and limbs in 98(59.8%), 24(14.6%), 19(11.6%), 18(11.0%), and 5(3.0%) babies respectively. Sixty nine babies were over clothed and 124 were not. Forty nine (71.0%) of the 69 over clothed babies had miliaria compared with the corresponding 69(55.6%) of the 124 non-over clothed. ÷2= 4.41, P= 0.04. Also, of the non-over clothed babies, 48 were dressed in cotton while the remaining 76 were either dressed in, polyester, wool or silk fabric. Miliaria was present in 10 (20.8%) of the 48 babies dressed in cotton compared, with the corresponding 59(77.6%) of the remaining 76 babies. ÷2= 37.88, P= 0.00. Of the 118 mothers of the babies with heat rash, 41 (34.7%) correctly recognized their babies condition, but none managed their babies correctly irrespective of their educational status. To reduce the burden of neonatal miliaria, mothers of newborn need to be properly educated concerning the recognition of the condition and avoidance of inappropriate clothing
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Children and Attendant Social Issues Seen At a Nigerian Paediatric Anti-Retroviral Clinic
No full textBackground: HIV infected individuals have other challenging social issues apart from stigmatization. There is a need to fill the gap in knowledge on other attendant social issues associated with paediatric HIV disease and how they impact on care.
Aim: To document the social issues identified among children attending the paediatric anti-retroviral clinic of Nigerian tertiary hospital, with a view to discovering how this affects the care of the patients.
Methodology: Consecutive consenting HIV infected children and their care givers attending Ladoke Akitola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South West Nigeria, were studied. Information on their socio-demographic details and perceived social challenges and how they affect care was obtained. Data obtained was analysed using SPSS version 16.
Results: Of the 55 children studied 43(78.2%) had social issues. Some children had more than 1 social issue. The ages of the children studied ranged from 3 months to 13years, with a mean of 5.7 ± 3.2 and the 55 consisted of 28 boys and 27 girls giving a male to female ratio of 1.0: 1.0. The range and mean of the ages of the fathers was 20 – 71years and 43.2 ± 10.3years respectively, while it was 20 – 54 years and 34.7 ± 5.8 years respectively for the mothers. The social issues identified were non-disclosure of HIV status to the HIV infected children, fear of stigmatization of children and accompanying caregiver or parents, sero-discordant HIV status of the parents, death of one or both parents (single or double Orphans), single parent, divorced or separated parents, parental polygamy. Other social issues are low socioeconomic status, poor parental education, neglect of the HIV infected child and residence in remote rural settings. All of the social issues listed impacted negatively in one way or the other on the care of the HIV infected children.
Conclusion: Social issues are common among HIV infected children. Effective strategies to mitigate against the effect of these social issues need to be identified and instituted in order to improve on care
auses, Patterns and Outcome of Severe Injuries in Children -A Hospital-based Study
No full textBackground: Injuries are important causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. There is therefore a need, especially in developing countries, to determine the relative contributions made by injuries singly and in combinations, to childhood morbidity and mortality in hospital practice.
Objectives: To determine the causes, patterns, and outcome of various childhood injuries resulting in hospital admissions over a 15-year period. Design: Retrospective analysis of hospital records.
Patients and Methods: The case files of all children aged 16 years and below, admitted to the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, between 1984 and 1998 with burns, poisoning, animal bites and stings, bone, joint, head, soft tissue and other injuries, were analysed and the data on various injury types, compared.
Results: Injuries accounted for 5.1 percent of total paediatric admissions and 5.4 percent of deaths during the study period, with males predominating in every injury type. Fractures, burns, poisoning, soft tissue and head injuries constituted 36.5, 23.4, 13.3, 12.2 and 10.6 percent respectively, of the 1,249 total injuries seen. Motor vehicle accidents and falls were responsible for 85.6 percent of all fractures, soft tissue and head injuries. Hot water caused 521 percent of all burns while 36.7 and 24.7 percent respectively, of poisoning were due to kerosene and traditional drug mixtures. Vehicle related injuries constituted a significant percentage of all injuries in the last decade of the review. Duration of hospitalisation was significantly longer for fractures than for any other injury type. Mortality rates were 9.2 and 12.7 percent respectively, for burns and poisoning, both of which accounted for 71.6 percent of deaths due to injuries.
Conclusion: Health promoting and injury preventive interventions should be instituted to reduce the rate of injuries and their effects on children
The Association between Social Disadvantage and Morbidity in Hospitalised Children
No full textThe nutritional status, length of hospitalization and the diagnoses in 207 socially disadvantaged and 232 non-disadvantaged controls admitted into the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, over a six-month period were compared. The patterns and frequencies of the diseases diagnosed in the two groups were similar. However, compared with controls, significantly greater percentages of disadvantaged children were hospitalized for over six days (
Are the Mothers of Hospitalized Socially Disadvantaged Children worse Care Givers than those of Non-disadvantaged Children?
No full textThe level of general hygiene, duration of breastfeeding and number of doses of scheduled immunizations received by 207 socially disadvantaged and 237 non-disadvantaged controls, mostly under five-year old children, admitted to the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, over a six-month period, were studied through physical inspection and administration of questionnaire. Compared with controls, higher percentages of disadvantaged children received none or incomplete doses of scheduled vaccinations (
Are the Mothers of Hospitalized Socially Disadvantaged Children worse Care Givers than those of Non-disadvantaged Children?
No full textSummary: The level of general hygiene, duration of breastfeeding and number of doses of scheduled immunizations received by 207 socially disadvantaged and 237 non-disadvantaged controls, mostly under five-year old children, admitted to the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, over a six-month period, were studied through physical inspection and administration of questionnaire. Compared with controls, higher percentages of disadvantaged children received none or incomplete doses of scheduled vaccinations (p<0.001), were breastfed for a total of less than 18 months (p <0.05) and were kept below average standard of hygiene (p<0.001). The findings suggest that there is need to further define the factors of social disadvantage prevalent in our communities and their effects on the health of children in order to effectively reduce the incidence and ill effects of such social disadvantages
A Review of Neonatal Admissions in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria.
No full textA retrospective analysis of the records of all neonatal admissions into the Special Baby care unit (SCBU) of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo between January 2006 and December 2007 was undertaken. There were 605 admissions (371 males and 234 females) with 308 (50.9%) being admitted in 2006 and 297 (49.1%) in 2007. Admission weights ranged between 0.65kg and 5.20kg with the mean weight of 2.72 ± 0.76kg. There were 317 (52.5%) inborns and 288 (47.5%) outborns. Primary indications for admission were low birth weight in 228 (47.7%), birth asphyxia in 197 (32.5%), neonatal septicaemia -154 (25.4%), neonatal jaundice 72 (11.9%) and respiratory distress in 56 (9.2%). One hundred and ten (18.2%) of the 605 babies died. Of the 110 babies who died, 80 (72.7%) were outborn while 30 (27.3%) were inborn. The pattern of the causes of death mirrors that of admissions. The main causes of admissions and deaths are preventable. The mortality of 18.2% is unacceptably high. Sick babies who had been delivered outside the teaching hospitals stood a triple chance of dying compared with those born in the teaching hospitals. To improve and work towards achieving MDG4,a much better commitment of government to maternal and child health is needed.Keywords: Neonatal admissions, morbidity, mortality, Nigeri
Fatal scorpion sting in a child
No full textFatal scorpion stings are rare in Nigeria. Hitherto, there has been no report from Nigeria of death following scorpion stings. This report is that of a 2‑year‑old boy who was stung by a scorpion while playing outside his home environment in Osogbo, South West Nigeria. He subsequently presented to the Children Emergency Unit of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, in pain and with features of shock. He died within 2 h of admission despite all treatment given to relieve pain and manage shock. The case is reported in order to share the important lessons learned.Key words: Fatal, pediatric, scorpion stin
The influence of maternal socioeconomic status on the management of malaria in their children: Implications for the 'roll back malaria' initiative
No full textNo Abstract.Keywords: Child care; malaria; socioeconomic status The Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics Vol. 32 (2) 2005: pp. 40-4
