1,270 research outputs found
Ovarian suppression in combination endocrine adjuvant therapy in premenopausal women with early breast cancer
No full textMedical ovariectomy in menopausal breast cancer patients with high testosterone levels : a further step toward tailored therapy
No full textFive years of adjuvant therapy with anti-estrogens reduce the incidence of disease progression by about 50% in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients, but late relapse can still occur after anti-estrogens have been discontinued. In these patients, excessive androgen production may account for renewed excessive estrogen formation and increased risks of late relapse. In the 50% of patients who do not benefit with anti-estrogens, the effect of therapy is limited by de novo or acquired resistance to treatment. Androgen receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression are recognized mechanisms of endocrine resistance suggesting the involvement of androgens as activators of the androgen receptor pathway and as stimulators of epidermal growth factor synthesis and function. Data from a series of prospective studies on operable breast cancer patients, showing high serum testosterone levels are associated to increased risk of recurrence, provide further support to a role for androgens in breast cancer progression. According to the above reported evidence, we proposed to counteract excessive androgen production in the adjuvant setting of estrogen receptor-positive patients and suggested selecting postmenopausal patients with elevated levels of serum testosterone, marker of ovarian hyperandrogenemia, for adjuvant treatment with a gonadotropins-releasing hormone analogue (medical oophorectomy) in addition to standard therapy with anti-estrogens. The proposed approach provides an attempt of personalized medicine that needs to be further investigated in clinical trials
Memoria y secreto en el dueno del secreto de Muñoz Molina
No full textResumen: Este artículo trata de acercarse al tratamiento del tema del secreto en la novela El dueño del secreto de Antonio Muñoz Molina partiendo de algunas teorías de este fenómeno antropológico que es el secreto. Se verá como utiliza algunos aspectos básicos del secreto para la creación de su personaje principal, pero también para la creación de un discurso crítico de la Transición española. Se termina el artículo con algunas consideraciones acerca de la interacción entre memoria y secreto, analizando la amnesia de estos años con el término del secreto negativo. Palabras clave: secreto, memoria, Antonio Muñoz Molina, El dueño del secreto, secreto negativo Abstract: This article analyses the secret in Muñoz Molina’s novel El dueño del secreto, taking into consideration different theories of secrecy. It shows how Muñoz Molina uses secrets and secrecy for the creation of his principal character, as well as for the building of a critical discourse of the Transición española (Spanish Transition). The author studies in a second step the interaction between secrecy and memory, analysing the amnesia from these years with the concept of the negative secret
El secreto profesional. Definiciones y apreciaciones éticas
No full textThe author describes the topic beginning with the meaning of "Intimacy" and its implications. ¿Why does a secret become and obligation? He examines the different types of secret: natural, promised, confidential and sacramental and the duties that come from them. Finally, he explains different situations in which the secret looses its strict obligation.El autor describe el tema comenzando con el significado de "Intimidad" y sus implicaciones. ¿Por qué un secreto se convierte en obligación? Examina los diferentes tipos de secreto: natural, prometido, confidencial y sacramental y los deberes que se derivan de ellos. Finalmente, explica diferentes situaciones en las que el secreto pierde su estricta obligación
Mateo Alemán, from Judge to Author: Articulations of Authority from the informe secreto (1593) to Guzmán de Alfarache (1599)
No full textThe present article studies Mateo Alemán’s authorial persona in both his nonliterary
and his literary work. Using the notion of the author function, we will discuss
continuities and fissures between the Informe secreto and Guzmán de Alfarache. In doing so,
we shall explore the ways in which the construction of the figure of the author manifests itself
beyond the fictional/factual divide
Reducing bioavailable sex hormones through a comprehensive change in diet: the diet and androgens (DIANA) randomized trial.
No full textEL SECRETO DE ESTADO EN SAAVEDRA FAJARDO
No full textThe author firstly analyses the meaning of concepts such as secret, coup d’état and reason of State. Then he examines the question of the secret as it appears in Saavedra’s work. He remarks the importance of the connection of secret with concealment and the role these concepts play on positions such as Secretary, Diplomat and Prince.El autor analiza primero el significado de los conceptos de secreto, golpe de Estado y razón de Estado. A continuación examina el problema del secreto tal como aparece en la obra de Saavedra. Dedica especial relevancia a la relación del secreto con la disimulación y al papel que desempeñan estos conceptos en los oficios de secretario, diplomático y príncipe
Reducing bioavailable sex hormones through a comprehensive change in diet: the diet and androgens (DIANA) randomized trial.
No full textIncreased androgenic activity and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women
No full textBlood and urine specimens from 27 premenopausal breast cancer patients and 62 healthy controls have been compared with respect to concentration of testosterone and progesterone in blood and of testosterone and androstanediol in urine, measured in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. There was a strong positive association between the concentration of the two androgens, either in blood or urine, and breast cancer risk. A strong association was also observed with decreasing levels of progesterone. The association was statistically significant (p for trend less than 0.01) for each hormone; the rate ratios were 10.2 for serum testosterone (highest category), 5.6 for serum progesterone (lowest category), 8.4 for urinary testosterone (highest category), and 5.2 for androstanediol (highest category). The rate ratio for women presenting both high serum testosterone and low progesterone was 21.8 (4.1 to 116.1). Considering the exposure to at least one of three androgens at the highest level and low progesterone, the rate ratio was as high as 90.2 (8.2 to 989.7). This study provides evidence for the hypothesis that increased androgenic activity is an important risk indicator for breast cancer, particularly when associated with anovulation, as indicated by low serum progesterone level
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