32 research outputs found
Edifici massivi
No full textI "Sassi" di Matera e i "Trulli" di Alberobello: valutazione delle prestazioni energetiche di edifici vernacolari della tradizione mediterranea attraverso simulazione dinamica e misure sperimentali
Thermal performance of a mobile home with light envelope
No full textThe present work analyzes, through in situ measurements, the environmental parameters of a
mobile home (camper type van) characterized by a light envelope, located in Southern Italy.
Through dynamic simulation, using EnergyPlus software, a few strategies to improve the inside
conditions are then proposed and verified. The solution that best improves the indoor
microclimate is forced ventilation combined with shading providing by simple roofing. Three
envelope solutions were also analyzed: a low thermal mass (polyurethane foam), a high thermal
mass (phase change material, PCM), and a medium thermal mass (mixture of polyurethane foam
and PCM) solution. The material that improves the inside conditions appears to be the high
thermal mass solution (pure PCM), while the mixture of polyurethane and PCM has a performance
similar to that of pure polyurethane
Analisi anemologica e stima del potenziale energetico di turbine minieoliche per il sito del Parco della Murgia Materana
No full textL’uomo nel corso di millenni ha sempre sfruttato l’energia eolica, sia come mezzo di propulsione (navigazione) sia come lavoro meccanico (mulini e pompe); questo sfruttamento è avvenuto con bassa tecnologia e solo a partire dal ‘700 è iniziato prima un processo di miglioramento delle macchine e, nel ‘900, l’avvento della conversione elettrica. Attraverso lo studio della risorsa eolica fatta nel sito della Parco della Murgia Materana, situato nell’altopiano murgiano tra la Basilica e la Puglia, è stato possibile ricavare il potenziale eolico di questa area del sud Italia. Le misurazioni, svolte per un periodo di 365 giorni hanno permesso di caratterizzare la ventosità del sito e valutare da un punto di vista energetico, economico e ambientale quattro tipologie differenti di aerogeneratori mini-eolici, due ad asse orizzontale di potenza 6 kW e 20kW e due ad asse verticale di uguale potenza. Questa tecnologia, caratterizzata da un basso impatto ambientale, può essere utilizzata per alimentare utenze, anche in aree soggette e vincolo ambientale, con bassissimi costi di installazione e manutenzione. L’analisi sulla producibilità energetica, sulle ore equivalenti, sul ritorno economico dell’investimento e sui benefici ambientali in termini di emissioni di CO2, NOx, SOx e TEP rispetto alla stessa energia prodotta da fonti convenzionali (centrale termoelettrica) hanno permesso di determinare quale tra le turbine è quella che meglio si adatta al sito studiato.
L’ultima analisi è stata quella di valutare il costo del kWh prodotto e confrontarlo con le altre fonti energetiche; il valore ottenuto è risultato competitivo eguagliando il valore costo del kWh prodotto da una centrale termoelettrica o da una centrale nucleare di terza generazione con notevoli vantaggi ambientali, quali l’assenza di emissioni di CO2 e di stoccaggio di scorie nucleari
Energy and microclimatic performance of Mediterranean vernacular buildings: The Sassi district of Matera and the Trulli district of Alberobello
No full textExperimental research carried out on two types of buildings that are examples of vernacular architecture in Southern Italy, namely the Sassi of Matera and the Trulli of Alberobello are outlined in this pape
Modelling Analysis for Energy Production Using Wood Biomass
No full textThe energy production from biomass is the technology that receives the greatest wariness from outsiders. Combustion and emission of air pollutants, the identification of an any biomass plant with a w aste energy power plant, often interfere with thediffusion of these technologies of energetic conversion at local level. This paper gives rise to describe the characteristics of the operation of a plant for the exploitation of the wood biomass from a short productive chain. The aim is to propose a possible and advantageous solution from a technical and economie point of view but, above all, ecologica!, with the purpose to create a useful tool to relate with the stakeholders tliat operate in thè agricultural and industriai sector. The use of the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle)energy technology is a solution by now tested and particularly suited for working joint to small size thermal plant operating at low temperature.
In this paper, the obtainable energy performances by means of such energy plant joint to boilers fed with wood biomass will be analyzed showing the results of an energy and exergetic modelling of the ORC units. The proposed solution consists in the integration of the firewood boilers with a circuit of diathermic oil able to feed the ORC plant.
In this way, we produce power and heat, to be used also for district heating applications, to reach a more complete energy exploitation of the biomass. The simulation model of this energy system has allowed to get with good approximation the obtainable performances. varying some free parameters of design and eontrol, shaping itself as an essential tool in the evaluation of the actual energy saving and of the concrete technical-economic feasibility
Energy analysis of hybrid solar collectors integrated in architecture
No full textIn recent years, the architectural integration of PV modules on buildings has become increasingly widespread, especially in parts of the world most industrialized, where government incentives have accelerated its diffusion. The installation of photovoltaic systems architecturally integrated into building structures certainly has advantages, if compared with systems installed in facilities separate from the building. The performance can be improved if
the heat produced by the module is removed. So far, in architecturally integrated plants, the heat removed from the photovoltaic cells was always dissipated into environment. Instead in this work we tried to understand if it is possible to use, in addition to electricity, also the heat inside the buildings by means of solar hybrid collectors. Then the energy rejected from the
photovoltaic conversion could be used to integrate the energy required to satisfy the building demand.
The level of the techniques used by hybrids collectors on the market still needs to be tested, verified and monitored. We still need to determine combinations of materials, the influence of
input and output temperature from the collector, the global efficiency and the excellent combination of heat and electricity.
The purpose of this study is the analysis of solar hybrid systems architectonically integrated with the objective of maintaining high electrical performance of photovoltaic conversion, considering the amount of total energy obtained in the comparison between the water and air collectors
On the use of FEM and FDTD numerical methods to predict acoustic behavior of small rooms
No full textEconomic-environmental performance indexes for solar-powered absorption cooling system in Mediterranean area
No full textThe most recent European (Directive 2006/32/CE of April 5/2006 relating to the efficiency of the final
uses of the energy and the energetic services) and national (Decree 311/06) normatives impose the use of
energetic systems more efficient that minimize the use of fossil fuels in comparison to the use of
renewable energy. In this research a comparison was developed between the traditional electric
equipments (which use vapour compression) and the absorption equipments (powered by solar thermal
energy). This comparison was implemented considering the energetic, economic and environmental
aspects.
This research explores the technical - economic potentialities of solar HVAC systems, with particular
reference to those based on the absorption cycles, verifying the possible applications in regions of the
Mediterranean area (in particular Madrid, Palermo and Athens). In particular we define an economic
index and an environmental-energetic inde
Energy and microclimatic performance of restored hypogeous buildings in south Italy: The "Sassi" district of Matera.
No full textThe site of the “Sassi of Matera” classified by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as World Heritage in 1993, is an exceptional example of traditional bioclimatic Mediterranean architecture. Within this immense artistic heritage, we find hypogea habitations, stone buildings, and mixed habitation – half-hypogeum and half-built. In this study, we analyze the energy and microclimatic performance of hypogeous structures in three states: not-restored, immediately after restoration, and a few years after restoration (in normal use). We monitored a surface hypogeum and a deep hypogeum. We performed a dynamic parametric simulation using the software EnergyPlus to quantify the energetic balance of the hypogeous structures during one calendar year. The energetic valuation of the surface hypogea shows that these environments, once restored and in a condition of normal use, give indoor comfort within the limits of comfort thermo-hygrometrics established by the comfort indices of predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). The huge thermal mass of the walls ensures that the microclimate indoor conditions are regular throughout the seasons, without differences in the daily thermal oscillation. Deep hypogea without an air change system cannot reach thermal-hygrometric comfort values. We determined that these structures have a null thermal balance during mid-season, while in the summer the floor loses heat, thereby cooling the environment. The opposite occurs in winter. We can conclude that these buildings were designed as bioclimatic. In fact they can be used, after restoration, with limited use of technology systems
Microclimatic performance of a restored hypogeum: the case of “Locanda di San Martino” thermal centre (SPA)
No full textThe site of the “Sassi di Matera” classified by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as World Heritage in 1993, is an exceptional example of traditional bioclimatic Mediterranean architecture.
This site is located in Basilicata in southern part of Italy and is characterized as having a Mediterranean climate, with hot dry summers and temperate and humid winters.
The average seasonal temperature is 4 _C in winter and 32 _C in summer, which often has high values close to 40 _C. Moreover winter is mild with rare frosts. Rains are mostly concentrated in autumn and winter.
Within this immense artistic heritage, the study regars hypogea habitations and stone buildings (half-hypogeum and half-built), throught monitoring a surface hypogeum and a deep hypogeum. The research focus upon the evaluation of the energy and microclimatic performance of recovered hypogeous structures today used as a thermal centre (SPA).
The analysis performed a dynamic parametric simulation using the software EnergyPlus to quantify the energetic balance of the hypogeous structures during one calendar year. The energetic valuation of the surface hypogea shows that these environments, once restored and in a condition of normal use, give indoor comfort within the limits of comfort thermo-hygrometrics.
The methodology used in the research is that of empirical research, i.e. a direct study “in situ”, where the designer is an experimenter and a researcher at the same time. This methodological approach was used on particularly representative case studies: “Locanda di San Martino” thermal centre (SPA).
The huge thermal mass of the walls ensures that the microclimate indoor conditions are regular throughout the seasons, without differences in the daily thermal oscillation. Deep hypogea with an air change system cannot reach thermal-hygrometric comfort values.
The most important thing to do is to regulate indoor microclimate, before eliminating the humidity from the walls. The same environments used under normal conditions reach indoor comfort.
During the summer season the indoor temperature is in the comfort. Then these buildings often need to be heated during the summer season to shorten the huge indoor/outdoor thermal gradient.
Deep hypogeous architectures without an air change system cannot reach thermal-hygrometric comfort values. This system is useful in increasing the indoor temperature and reducing the indoor–outdoor thermal gradient. A dynamic analysis permitted us to quantify the energy balance of the hypogeous structures during a period of one calendar year. In this way, we can state that these structures have a null thermal balance during mid-season, while in summer the floor loses heat and cools the room with the opposite occurring in winter.
It can conclude that these buildings were designed as bioclimatic. In fact they can be used, after restoration, with limited use of technology systems
