27 research outputs found
Regression of oxidative stress by targeting eNOS and Nrf2/ARE signaling: a guided drug target for cardiovascular diseases
No full textCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major health concern and the leading cause of death. Imbalance between free radicals and anti-oxidant defence is associated with cellular dysfunctions leading to the pathophysiology of various diseases including cardiac and vascular diseases. The stress responsive transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) regulates the expression of many detoxifying genes. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is an important regulator of vascular function. Involvement of NO in modulating Nrf2 signaling is well established. Thus, it is apparent that increasing NO bioavailability and antioxidant status in vascular and myocardial tissue can be considered as a potential strategy to prevent the onset of vascular dysfunction and CVDs and is therefore of therapeutical interest. Based on the marked protective effect of Nrf2/ARE signalling and intriguing links between antioxidant mechanism and endothelial derived NO, the aim of the present review is to compile conclusive evidence for the involvement of NO-Nrf2/ARE axis in the regulation of cardiovascular function. This review also discusses on improving eNOS and Nrf2 signalling by Nrf2 activators which holds promise for countering cardiac and vascular disorders
Topics in statistical finance
No full textThis thesis is divided into three parts. The first part investigates the presence of long term dependence in stock price data via a permutation test based on the correlation structure of the underlying stock prices. These tests reveal the short term nature of stock price dependence structure. The second part extends
Ramprasath and Singh(2007)'s `statistical options' to define a group of American type options based on robust estimators of location. The payoff functions of these path dependent options are based on a new set of stochastic processes which are defined using various robust estimators of location. The asymptotic distributional behavior of these new processes is ascertained which in turn is used in pricing
the options. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods were used to compute the prices of the statistical options. The third part explores a stock price model parameter estimation problem and interprets a growth rate parameter.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83)
Safety and Health Benefits of Novel Dietary Supplements Consisting Multiple Phytochemicals, Vitamins, Minerals and Essential Fatty Acids in High Fat Diet Fed Rats
No full text<p>The objective was to determine safety and efficacy of health supplements “Beyond Tangy Tangerine,” a multivitamin/mineral complex and combination of multivitamin/mineral complex, “Osteofx,” a bone healthy supplement and “Ultimate Essential Fatty Acids” in Sprague Dawley rats consuming high-fat diets. Initially a pilot study was conducted which confirmed palatability and acceptability of supplements. In a second study, rats (<i>n</i> = 15/group) were randomized to Control; Multivitamin/mineral complex (2 g/kg BW) or Combination (2 g Multivitamin/mineral complex, 1.5 g Bone healthy supplement and 0.34 g Essential fatty acids/kg BW). No differences were observed in BW change, feed intake, organ weights or bone mineral composition with supplementations compared to control. Multivitamin/mineral complex supplementation decreased abdominal white adipose tissue weights (WAT) (<i>p</i> = .005), total (<i>p</i> = .033) and fat mass (<i>p</i> = .040), plasma IL-6 (<i>p</i> = .016) and ALKP (<i>p</i> = .038) and elevated plasma calcium (<i>p</i> < .001), phosphorus (<i>p</i> = .038), total protein (<i>p</i> = .002), albumin (<i>p</i> = .014) and globulin (<i>p</i> = .018), compared to control. Similarly, combination supplementation reduced WAT (<i>p</i> < .001), total (<i>p</i> = .023) and fat mass (<i>p</i> = .045), plasma triglycerides (<i>p</i> = .018), IL-6 (<i>p</i> = .002) and ALKP (<i>p</i> < .001) with increases in plasma calcium (<i>p</i> = .031), phosphorus (<i>p</i> < .001) compared to control. Results indicate that consuming either supplement can be considered safe and improves overall health by reducing inflammation, abdominal fat mass and plasma triglycerides, as well as promote bone health.</p
Isolation of Natural Dyes from Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis and Marigold Flower and Dyeing Properties of the Dyes On Cotton Cloth
No full textA Novel Phoneme Recognition System Using Binary Feature Vector and Correlation Based Classifier
No full textSupplementation of krill oil with high phospholipid content increases sum of EPA and DHA in erythrocytes compared with low phospholipid krill oil
No full textAbstract
Background
Bioavailability of krill oil has been suggested to be higher than fish oil as much of the EPA and DHA in krill oil are bound to phospholipids (PL). Hence, PL content in krill oil might play an important role in incorporation of n-3 PUFA into the RBC, conferring properties that render it effective in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The objective of the present trial was to test the effect of different amounts of PL in krill oil on the bioavailability of EPA and DHA, assessed as the rate of increase of n-3 PUFA in plasma and RBC, in healthy volunteers.
Methods and design
In a semi randomized crossover single blind design study, 20 healthy participants consumed various oils consisting of 1.5 g/day of low PL krill oil (LPL), 3 g/day of high PL krill oil (HPL) or 3 g/day of a placebo, corn oil, for 4 weeks each separated by 8 week washout periods. Both LPL and HPL delivered 600 mg of total n-3 PUFA/day along with 600 and 1200 mg/day of PL, respectively.
Results
Changes in plasma EPA, DPA, DHA, total n-3 PUFA, n-6:n-3 ratio and EPA + DHA concentrations between LPL and HPL krill oil supplementations were observed to be similar. Intake of both forms of krill oils increased the RBC level of EPA (p < 0.001) along with reduced n-6 PUFA (LPL: p < 0.001: HPL: p = 0.007) compared to control. HPL consumption increased (p < 0.001) RBC concentrations of EPA, DPA, total and n-3 PUFA compared with LPL. Furthermore, although LPL did not alter RBC n-6:n-3 ratio or the sum of EPA and DHA compared to control, HPL intake decreased (p < 0.001) n-6:n-3 ratio relative to control with elevated (p < 0.001) sum of EPA and DHA compared to control as well as to LPL krill oil consumption. HPL krill oil intake elevated (p < 0.005) plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations compared to control, while LPL krill oil did not alter total and LDL cholesterol, relative to control.
Conclusions
The results indicate that krill oil with higher PL levels could lead to enhanced bioavailability of n-3 PUFA compared to krill oil with lower PL levels.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov#
NCT01323036
Effect of consuming novel foods consisting high oleic canola oil, barley β-glucan, and DHA on cardiovascular disease risk in humans: the CONFIDENCE (Canola Oil and Fibre with DHA Enhanced) study – protocol for a randomized controlled trial
No full textAbstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a major contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Current recommendations for dietary management of people with MetS involve quantitative and qualitative modifications of food intake, such as high consumption of vegetables, fruits, and whole grain foods. The results from our previous human trials revealed the potential of the dietary components high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO)-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and high molecular weight barley β-glucan individually in managing CVD risk factors. Foods with a combination of HOCO-DHA and barley β-glucan have never been tested for their effects on CVD risk. The objective is to determine the effects of consuming novel foods HOCO-DHA, and barley β-glucan on managing CVD risk factors in people with MetS.
Methods/Design
We are conducting a randomized, single-blind crossover trial with four treatment phases of 28 days each separated by a 4-week washout interval. Participants (n=35) will be provided with weight-maintaining, healthy balanced diet recommendations according to their energy requirements during the intervention periods. Participants will receive muffins and cookies as treatment foods in a random order and will consume at least one meal per day at the research center under supervision. The four treatments include muffins and cookies consisting of (1) all-purpose flour and HOCO-DHA (50 g/day); (2) barley flour (4.36 g/day of β-glucan) and a blend of sunflower oil, safflower oil, and butter as control oil (50 g/day); (3) barley flour (4.36 g/day of β-glucan) and HOCO-DHA (50 g/day; dosage of DHA would be 3 g/day); and (4) all-purpose flour and control oil (50 g/day). At the beginning and end of each phase, we will evaluate anthropometrics; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; blood lipid profile; low-density lipoprotein subfractions and particle size; 10-year Framingham CVD risk score; inflammatory status; and plasma and red blood cell fatty acid profiles, fecal microbiome, and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Conclusion
Cholesterol synthesis will also be studied, using a stable isotope approach. The proposed study will lead to innovation of novel food products, which may result in improvement in the overall cardiovascular health of humans.
Trial registration
Clinical trials.gov identifier:
NCT02091583
. Date of registration: 12 March 2014
Effect of dietary sphingomyelin on absorption and fractional synthetic rate of cholesterol and serum lipid profile in humans
No full textAbstract
Background
Diets enriched with sphingolipids may improve blood lipid profiles. Studies in animals have shown reductions in cholesterol absorption and alterations in blood lipids after treatment with sphingomyelin (SM). However, minimal information exists on effect of SM on cholesterol absorption and metabolism in humans. The objective was to assess the effect of SM consumption on serum lipid concentrations and cholesterol metabolism in healthy humans.
Methods
Ten healthy adult males and females completed a randomized crossover study. Subjects consumed controlled diets with or without 1 g/day SM for 14 days separated by at least 4 week washout period. Serum lipid profile and markers of cholesterol metabolism including cholesterol absorption and synthesis were analyzed.
Results
Serum triglycerides, total, LDL- and VLDL- cholesterol were not affected while HDL cholesterol concentrations were increased (p = 0.043) by SM diet consumption. No change in cholesterol absorption and cholesterol fractional synthesis rate was observed with supplementation of SM compared to control. Intraluminal cholesterol solubilization was also not affected by consumption of SM enriched diet.
Conclusions
In humans, 1 g/day of dietary SM does not alter the blood lipid profile except for an increased HDL-cholesterol concentration and has no effect on cholesterol absorption, synthesis and intraluminal solubilization compared to control.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT00328211Peer Reviewe
Knowledge attitude and practice towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease among high risk patients
No full textBackground: It is well recognized that chronic kidney disease (CKD), if left, untreated would slowly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD)., A targeted approach is to enhance the knowledge of CKD among the public, especially in high risk population, and encourage them to practice a healthy attitude and practice that may help in early detection and thereby better management of CKD. Such a study to assess the baseline data has not been done in India. Aims and Objectives: To inculcate the knowledge attitude and practice towards prevention and early detection of CKD among high risk patients attending a tertiary care centre. This Observational study was carried out on all patients with diabetes and/or hypertension attending General medicine out-patient or in-patient in a given period of time. Patients more than 18 years of age with diabetes and/or hypertension were included while patients with chronic kidney disease were excluded. Methodology: A standard questionnaire obtained from an author of similar study is given to patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Is this National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (KDOQI)? If so mention it. 
