1,721,482 research outputs found
Power Spectra of Blood Pressure in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Relationship with Sympathetic Cardiovascular Control
No full textThe Wide Band Spectral Analysis: A New Insight Into Modulation of Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Baroreflex Sensitivity
No full text
Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats
No full text Page H377–H383: G. Bertinieri, M. DiRienzo, A. Cavallazzi, A. U. Ferrari, A. Pedotti, and G. Mancia. “Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats.” Page H380: Table 3 should appear as the following: (See PDF) </jats:p
Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats
No full text Page H377–H383: G. Bertinieri, M. DiRienzo, A. Cavallazzi, A. U. Ferrari, A. Pedotti, and G. Mancia. “Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats.” Page H380: Table 3 should appear as the following: (See PDF) </jats:p
Candesartan plus hydrochlorothiazide fixed combination vs previous monotherapy plus diuretic in poorly controlled essential hypertensive patients
No full textOBJECTIVE: To assess efficacy and tolerability of candesartan cilexetil (CC) plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) fixed combination vs previous monotherapy (PM) plus HCTZ in hypertension. DESIGN AND METHODS: After 2-4 weeks of run in, 409 outpatients (diastolic blood pressure, DBP >90 and or =90 mmHg or SBP > 180 mmHg). RESULTS: Automatic oscillometric (Omron 705 CP) DBP and SBP were similarly reduced by CC + HCTZ and PM + HCTZ after 4 (12/15 and 10/13 mmHg) and 8 weeks (13/20 and 12/18 mmHg) in the intention-to-treat (ITT, n = 398) population. HCTZ dose was doubled in 18.1 and 31.2% of patients in the CC + HCTZ and PM + HCTZ group, respectively (p < 0.05). Rate of normalized patients (DBP <90 and/or SBP < 140 mmHg) after 8 weeks of treatment was greater (p < 0.05) under CC + HCTZ (82.0 vs 72.6% vs PM + HCTZ). Pulse pressure was comparably reduced by CC + HCTZ and PM + HCTZ, at 4 (3 mmHg for both) and 8 weeks (7 and 6 mmHg, respectively). Heart rate was unchanged. Results of per-protocol analysis (n = 316) did not differ from those of ITT analysis. Rate of adverse events was low and comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: CC plus HCTZ fixed combination is an effective and safe alternative to other antihypertensive drugs, given either as monotherapy or in combination when they do not satisfactorily control patient's blood pressure
Short versus long-term effects of different dihydropyridines on sympathetic and baroreflex function in hypertension
No full textAntihypertensive treatment with dihydropyridines may be accompanied by sympathetic activation. Data on whether this is common to all compounds and similar in the various phases of treatment are not univocal, however. In 28 untreated essential hypertensives (age, 56.4±1.8 years; mean ±SEM) finger blood pressure (BP, Finapres), heart rate (HR, ECG), plasma norepinephrine (NE, high-performance liquid chromatography), and muscle sympathetic nerve traffic (MSNA, microneurography) were measured at rest and during baroreceptor manipulation (vasoactive drugs) in the placebo run-in period and after randomization to double-blind acute and chronic (8 weeks) felodipine (10 mg/d, n = 14) or lercanidipine (10 mg/d, n = 14). Acute administration of both drugs induced pronounced BP reductions and marked increases in HR, NE, and MSNA. After 8 weeks of treatment, BP reductions were similar to those observed after acute administration, whereas HR, NE, and MSNA responses were markedly attenuated (-7%, -32%, and -14%, respectively; P<0.05). There was a small residual increase in sympathetic activity in the felodipine group, whereas in the lercanidipine group, all adrenergic markers returned to baseline values. Baroreflex control of HR and MSNA was markedly impaired (-42% and -48%, respectively) after acute drug administration, with a recovery and complete resetting during chronic treatment. Thus, the sympathoexcitation induced by 2 different dihydropyridines is largely limited to the acute administration. The 2 drugs have, nevertheless, a different chronic sympathetic effect, indicating that dihydropyridines do not homogeneously affect this function. The acute sympathoexcitation, but not the small between-drugs differential chronic adrenergic effect, is accounted for by baroreflex impairment
Masked hypertension and echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy : an updated overview.
No full textMasked hypertension (MH) is an emerging clinical entity predisposing to subclinical organ damage and to increased cardiovascular risk. We sought to review the recent literature focusing on the association between MH and echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). A MEDLINE search was performed in order to identify relevant papers using the key words such as 'masked hypertension', 'ambulatory hypertension', 'left ventricular hypertrophy', 'cardiac damage', 'target organ damage', 'left ventricular dysfunction'. Full articles published in English language in the last decade, namely from 1 December 1999 to 31 July 2011, reporting studies in adult or elderly individuals, were considered. Checks of the reference lists of selected papers complemented the electronic search. A total of 13 studies, including 966 patients with MH (sample size range 17-222 patients, mean age range 30-70 years; men 71%) and 2640 controls with sustained normotension, controlled hypertension, and white coat hypertension were considered. The prevalence of LVH, defined according to six criteria, ranged from 7 to 66% in MH and from 0.4 to 42% in non-MH counterparts (average 29 vs. 9%, P < 0.01). In conclusion, available evidence linking a selective blood pressure elevation outside office to echocardiographic LVH in clinically normotensive individuals is supported by limited evidence. Further studies are needed to expand our knowledge in this area and to explore the beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on subclinical cardiac damage in patients with M
Role of tissue Doppler imaging for detection of diastolic dysfunction in the elderly : a study in clinical practice
No full textBackground: The role of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in the assessment of diastolic dysfunction in elderly patients seen in echocardiographic practice is poorly defined. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in a cohort of elderly patients referred to an echocardiographic examination for routine clinical indications and to compare the findings obtained by conventional Doppler with those obtained by TDI. Methods: A total of 457 elderly patients with preserved left ventricular (LV) systolic function (mean age 73 - 5 years, 45% men, 76% with hypertension) underwent a comprehensive echo-Doppler examination; diastolic dysfunction was defined by the following conventional and TDI criteria: E/A ratio (ratio between transmitral peak velocity of E andAwaves) 1.5 and lateral annular early diastolic peak velocity (Ei) 1.5. A higher proportion of participants (60.1%) had LV diastolic dysfunction according to TDI. Notably, more than one-half of the patients with 'normal' diastolic function by conventional criterion exhibited an abnormal Ei value. Conclusions: A large proportion of elderly patients with normal E/A ratios may have more subtle alterations in LV diastolic mechanics characterized by a reduced annular motion velocity. Thus, evaluation of diastolic function by the simple E/Aratio may markedly underestimate diastolic abnormalities. This finding supports the view that diastolic function should be routinely assessed by comprehensive Doppler methodologies including both conventional and tissue Doppler measurements in order to improve the management of elderly patients seen in clinical practice
- …
