2,161 research outputs found
Multicenter study of childhood headache
No full textThis multicenter study reports the results obtained between 1990 and 1991 by the Study Group for Childhood Headache of the Italian Neuropediatric Society. Standardized computerized case sheets were used in order to increase the number of young patients studied and obtain more homogeneous results. A clinical diagnosis of headache was made in 600 patients (314 female and 286 male) between 4 and 12 years of age, in accordance with the classification set down by the International Headache Society. Clinical symptoms and follow-up were more severe in children with migraine as opposed to headache. No sequence of associated neurological and neurovegetative symptoms was observed at onset of headache, and some (phono-photophobia, pallor, drowsiness, abdominal pains) were much more prevalent than others. Because of the patient's age we studied only the treatment of acute attack and did not take account of chronic treatment. In childhood the clinical course of primary headache tends to improve spontaneously, and we believe that prevention of headache attacks should be carried out only in very rare individual cases
Behavioural and temperamental characteristics of children and adolescents suffering from primary headache
Get PDFTo examine indices of behavioural and emotional problems and temperamental traits in clinically referred children and adolescents suffering from tension headache or migraine. Headache in childhood and adolescence (<18 years) has been associated with the presence of behavioural and emotional difficulties, but limited data are available on the relationship between these problems and different types of headache. Clinically referred children and adolescents (N=114), 6-16 years of age, suffering from primary headache according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society, 47 with tension-type headache (TH) and 67 with migraine (M), and 36 normal controls without headache (NC) were assessed using the Parent Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), Conner's Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), and Emotionality-Activity-Sociability-Shyness Scale (EAS). Psychological and personality self-rating assessments were obtained also on the children's parents and siblings. Although most headache patients had scores within the normative non-pathological range, both TH and M patients had higher CBCL total, internalizing, and externalizing scores than NC (P<0.001), and TH patients had higher scores than M patients. TH and M had higher CDI and MASC scores than NC (P<0.05), with no difference between the headache groups. TH patients had higher Emotionality and Shyness scores, and lower Sociability scores than M patients. Clinically referred children and adolescents with TH and M had higher scores of behavioural and emotional symptoms, both of internalizing and externalizing type, than normal peers. The TH group had greater psychological and temperamental difficulties than the M group
Verbalizer-Visualizer Style in Brain-lesioned Patients: Does Rehabilitation Matter?
No full textThe paper aims at investigating the tendency to rely on both verbal or visual representation and strategies in patients recently affected by brain injuries and to assess the role of rehabilitation treatment in modulating such a tendency. Thirty patients were administered self-report questionnaires measuring the verbalizer-visualizer style within six months from the traumatic event and the rehabilitation training they followed was taken into account. Results showed that deficits in memory and executive functions, and mainly in visual-spatial cognition, reduced the tendency toward visualization. Such a reduction was prevalently associated to lesions in the right hemisphere. No difference was found according to treatment (motor, occupational, logopedic and neuropsychological rehabilitation). Findings stress time passed from the triggering event as the critical factor influencing cognitive style and rehabilitation efficacy
Neonatal onset of hot water reflex seizures in monozygotic twins subsequently manifesting episodes of alternating hemiplegia
Get PDFWe report on monozygotic twins with neonatal onset of daily reflex seizures triggered by hot water. Video record during the hot water bathing showed clinical signs consistent with a reflex seizure. The numbers of episodes were markedly reduced when the mother began bathing the children with reduced temperature bath water. At the age of 20 months, the twins developed episodes of paroxysmal disturbances including alternating hemiplegia. These two patients are the youngest reported cases of reflex hot water seizures, and the only reported cases in which reflex hot water seizures subsequently manifested episodes of alternating hemiplegia
La evolución del empleo en el sector ferroviario español, 1893-1935
Get PDFEditada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaEn este trabajo se presenta una estimación inédita sobre la oferta de empleo en el sector ferroviario español entre 1893 y 1935. Los datos anuales publicados por el conocido Anuario de los Ferrocarriles han sido miniciosamente depurados y contrastados con documentación relativa a las dos grandes compañías: Norte y MZA. Los resultados confirman la bondad de la fuente y realzan el enorme dinamismo de este peculiar mercado de trabajo: las cifras de empleo se triplicaron entre 1893 y 1935. La documentación analizada pone de manifiesto además la existencia de un mercado de trabajo segmentado.This article is a novel study on previously unedited data regarding employment in the Spanish Railway sector between the years 1893-1935. The Annual data published by the well know Annals of the Spanish Railways have been closely scrutinised and checked against document reffering to the two major companies: Norte y MZA. The resulting findings show the dynamic nature of this labour market. Between 1893 aln 1935 amployment figures tripled. The documents examined further reveal the existence of a labour market wich was quite diverse and consisted of numerous different segments.Publicad
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation. Different clinical expressiveness. Three case reports
No full textThe vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare cerebro-vascular disorder in neonates. It is characterized by an abnormal direct communication between one or several cerebral arteries and the vein of Galen. It may appear in the neonatal period or afterwards. Three cases of patients affected by VGAM with different clinical expression are presented. Two of them were treated successfully with endovascular embolization. It was not possible to provide the same treatment to the third patient for an intractable congestive heart failure already existing when VGAM was diagnosed
Efficacy and safety of topiramate in refractory epilepsy of childhood: long-term follow-up study.
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of topiramate in treating children with drug-resistant epilepsy. A multicentric, retrospective, open-label, add-on study was undertaken of 277 children (mean age 8.4 years; range 12 months to 16 years) affected by drug-resistant epilepsy. The efficacy was rated according to the seizure types and epilepsy syndrome. After a mean period of 27.5 months of treatment (range 24-61 months), 11 patients (4%) were seizure free and 56 (20%) had more than 50% reduction in seizure frequency. The efficacy of topiramate treatment was noted in localization-related epilepsy and in generalized epilepsy. In addition, in a group of 114 patients, we compared the initial efficacy (evaluated after a mean of 9 months of follow-up) and the retention at a mean of 30 months of topiramate with regard to loss of efficacy (defined as the return to the baseline seizure frequency). Fifty-five (48%) of 114 patients were initial responders. The retention at a mean of 30 months was 23 of 114 patients (20%), 4 of whom (3.5%) were still seizure free. A loss of efficacy occurred in 32 of the 55 initial responders (58%). It was prominent in patients with generalized epilepsy, such as symptomatic infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, as well as in those with Dravet syndrome. By contrast, a well-sustained topiramate efficacy was noted among patients with localization-related epilepsy. Globally, adverse events were observed in 161 patients (58%) and were mainly represented by weight loss, hyperthermia, sedation, and nervousness, which, in most cases, disappeared after slowing titration or reducing the dosage of the drug. In conclusion, the present long-term study confirms that topiramate represents a useful drug effective in a wide range of seizures and epilepsy syndromes. Moreover, preliminary data seem to suggest that the efficacy of topiramate, when evaluated in the long-term perspective, is more sustained in localization-related epilepsy than in generalized epilepsy
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